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WorksheetsBiology Review SB2
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
SB2b.Which of the following features of DNA is the most important in determining the phenotype of an organism?
a)
the direction of the helical twist
b)
the number of deoxyribose sugars
c)
the sequence of nitrogenous bases
d)
the strength of the hydrogen bonds
2.
SB2b.
-ACGTAG-
The base sequence of a DNA strand that complements this DNA base sequence is
-ACGTAG-
The base sequence of a DNA strand that complements this DNA base sequence is
a)
–TGCATC-
b)
–ACGTAG-
c)
–TGCAUC-
d)
–UGCAUC-
3.
SB2b. Which RNA sequence is produced using the DNA sequence AGC-TAC-ACT?
a)
UCG-AUG-UGA
b)
UCG-UAC-ACU
c)
TCG-ATG-TGA
d)
AGC-UAC-ACU
4.
SB2b. DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the ____ through a process called ____.
a)
Cytoplasm, translation
b)
Nucleus, transcription
c)
Nucleus, translation
d)
Ribosome, transcription
5.
SB2b. Which of these statements best explains how genes and proteins are related?
a)
Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins.
b)
Proteins are segments of DNA that code for genes.
c)
Genes are the building blocks of proteins.
d)
Proteins are the building blocks of genes.
6.
SB2b. Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Carbohydrates
7.
SB2b. Which process turns the nucleotide sequence AAT to UUA?
a)
meiosis
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
transcription
8.
SB2b. Which statement about translation is correct?
a)
Amino acids are assembled into a protein on the ribosome
b)
Ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA form base pairs
c)
Messenger RNA is made from DNA
d)
Transfer RNA contains the genetic code copied from DNA
9.
SB2b.The process by which the order of bases in messenger RNA (mRNA) codes for the order of amino acids in the protein is called
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
10.
SB2a. Which of the following is found in RNA nucleotides but not in DNA nucleotides?
a)
Nitrogen-containing base
b)
Phosphate group
c)
Ribose sugar
d)
Deoxyribose sugar
11.
SB2a. The diagram below shows a pair of DNA nucleotides. The nitrogenous base cytosine (C) is labeled.
Which nitrogenous base pairs with cytosine?
Which nitrogenous base pairs with cytosine?
a)
adenine (A)
b)
guanine (G)
c)
thymine (T)
d)
uracil (U)
12.
SB2a. Which of the following are the main components of a DNA nucleotide?
a)
Ribose-sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Deoxyribose-sugar, nitrogen base, phosphorous
c)
Deoxyribose-sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
Glucose, nitrogen base, phosphate
13.
SB2c. Scientists determined that excess fertilizer from farms entered a shallow lake. The fertilizer caused an increase in aquatic plants in the lake and then a decrease in oxygen in the water. Next, organic debris collected on the bottom of the lake. Over several years, the lake gradually filled in with organic sediment.
One species of fish found in the lake has 84 chromosomes in each body cell. As nutrient levels increased, the population of this species of fish increased by sexual reproduction. How many chromosomes were in the gametes of the fish?
One species of fish found in the lake has 84 chromosomes in each body cell. As nutrient levels increased, the population of this species of fish increased by sexual reproduction. How many chromosomes were in the gametes of the fish?
a)
21
b)
42
c)
84
d)
168
14.
SB2c. The diagram below represents division of a cell that produces two daughter cells. When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells
a)
increases every time the cell divides.
b)
remains the same as in the parent cell.
c)
decreases every time the cell divides.
d)
is half of that of the parent cell.
15.
SB2c. Which of the following activities occurs in the G1 phase?
a)
Growth of the cell
b)
Replication of the DNA
c)
Formation of the mitotic spindle
d)
Breakdown of the nuclear membrane
16.
SB2c. A scientist is trying to discover a new treatment to stop lung cancer cells from dividing. In the cancer cells, which of these processes will stop if the treatment is successful?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
binary fission
d)
genetic recombination
17.
SB2c. Specialized cells in the humans undergo a process that produces gametes. What is this process called?
a)
binary fission
b)
meiosis
c)
fertilization
d)
enzyme regulation
18.
SB2c. In humans, the allele for unattached earlobes (E) is dominant. The allele for attached earlobes (e) is recessive. A woman who is heterozygous for this trait marries a man who has attached earlobes. What is the probability that this couple's child will have unattached earlobes?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
19.
SB2c. Put the diagrams above in the correct order.
a)
D, A, C, B
b)
D, A, B, C
c)
A, B, D, C
d)
C, A, B, D
20.
SB2c. When gametes are produced from a parent cell during normal meiosis, which of the following describes the number of chromosomes in each resulting cell?
a)
Each resulting cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
b)
Each resulting cell has twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
c)
Each resulting cell has one-half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
d)
Each resulting cell has one-fourth the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
21.
SB2c. The diagram below shows the cell cycle.
Which of the following activities occurs in the S phase?
Which of the following activities occurs in the S phase?
a)
Growth of the Cell
b)
Replication of DNA
c)
Formation of the mitotic spindle
d)
Breakdown of the nuclear membrane
22.
SB2c.The diagram above shows the process of meiosis. The segregation that occurs during meiosis results in a...
a)
decrease in the total number of cells per sperm
b)
reduction in the number of chromosomes per cell
c)
single fertilized egg cell
d)
group of genetically identical cells
23.
SB2c. The illustration below shows two adult rabbits and their offspring.
In rabbits, the allele for spots (R) is dominant to the allele for solid color (r). What is the most likely genotype of the parent rabbits in the illustration?
In rabbits, the allele for spots (R) is dominant to the allele for solid color (r). What is the most likely genotype of the parent rabbits in the illustration?
a)
rr x rr
b)
Rr x rr
c)
Rr x Rr
d)
RR x rr
24.
SB2c. In apples, the allele for red coloring (A) is dominant, and the allele for green coloring (a) is recessive. A red apple is crossed with a green apple. For which parental genotypes are 100% of the offspring expected to be red?
a)
Aa × Aa
b)
AA × aa
c)
aa × aa
d)
AA × AA
25.
SB2c. The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is 46. How many chromosomes are contained in a human gamete cell?
a)
11
b)
23
c)
34
d)
46
26.
SB2c. An example of a genotype is:
a)
A tall pea plant.
b)
Tt and HH
c)
R and r
d)
Hemophiliac
27.
SB2c. Stomach cancer cells do not respond to the signals that regulate growth of normal stomach cells. Which of the following processes is not appropriately regulated in cancerous cells?
a)
Fertilization
b)
Meiosis
c)
Mitosis
d)
Transcription
28.
SB2c. Before the cell divides, what happens to the genetic material in that cell?
a)
The DNA is deleted
b)
The DNA is completely mutated
c)
The DNA is selectively mutated
d)
The DNA is duplicated
29.
SB2c. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
30.
SB2d. A mutation is least likely to affect a cell when the mutation:
a)
reverses the order of bases in a DNA strand
b)
allows the total number of bases in a DNA sequence to remain the sam
c)
replaces a base with its complementary base
d)
produces a triplet that codes for the same amino acid as the original triple
31.
SB2d.Which type of cell must contain a mutation in order for the mutation to be passed from a woman to her offspring?
a)
blood cell
b)
brain cell
c)
egg cell
d)
muscle cell
32.
SB2d. The original mRNA strand has 3 triplets:
AUG-AUU-CAC
Which of the following mutations causes the LEAST amount of harm to the cell?
AUG-AUU-CAC
Which of the following mutations causes the LEAST amount of harm to the cell?
a)
AUG-AUC-AC
b)
AUU-AUU-CAC
c)
AUG-AUC-CAC
d)
AUG-CAU-UCA-C
33.
SB2d. A mutation changes a gene in a cell in the stomach of an organism. This mutation could cause a change in
a)
Both the organism and the offspring
b)
The organism, but not the offspring
c)
Its offspring, but not the organism itself
d)
Neither the organism or the offspring
34.
SB2d. 12.The following diagram shows a mutation that occurs in the hemoglobin gene to produce a recessive genetic disorder called sickle cell anemia.
Which of the following statements best describes why the change in only one DNA base of the hemoglobin gene results in a different protein product of the gene?
Which of the following statements best describes why the change in only one DNA base of the hemoglobin gene results in a different protein product of the gene?
a)
the change prevents mRNA from being made
b)
the change alters the amino acid sequence of the protein
c)
the change causes the blood cells to divide in an uncontrolled way
d)
the change creates a second strand of mRNA for each RNA molecule
35.
SB2c. What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
36.
SB2c Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100% tall
37.
SB2c.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round plant with a wrinkled plant. Which statement predicts the results?
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round plant with a wrinkled plant. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be Rr
b)
offspring will be RR
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
38.
SB2c Which of the following alleles is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
39.
SB2c.
B=brown eyes
b= blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes:
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
B=brown eyes
b= blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes:
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
40.
SB2c.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
41.
SB2c.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
42.
SB2c.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
43.
SB2c.
What is the genotypic ratio in this cross?
R= round r= wrinkled
What is the genotypic ratio in this cross?
R= round r= wrinkled
a)
3:1 (3 round to 1 wrinkled)
b)
1:2:1 (1 RR, 2 Rr, 1 rr)
c)
75% round, 25% wrinkled
d)
1:3 (1 round to 3 wrinkled)
44.
SB2c. What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
45.
SB2c. Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
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