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WorksheetsSurface Processes & Rocks
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 2hrs 41mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
2.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
soil conservation
d)
decomposition
3.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
4.
The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
5.
Which of the following is an example of mechanical weathering?
a)
Acidic groundwater dissolving limestone
b)
Abrasion
c)
Paper being burned
6.
A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering probably is caused by...
a)
oxygen in the air
b)
carbonic acid in rainwater
c)
lichens
d)
abrasion
7.
Which agents break down earth materials?
a)
wind only
b)
earthquakes and gravity
c)
ice and 007
d)
wind, water, and ice
8.
What are the two factors that affect the rate at which weathering occurs?
a)
climate and mass of rock
b)
climate and size of rock
c)
type of rock and size of rock
d)
type of rock and climate
9.
Rust that forms on rocks or metal because of extended exposure to oxygen is what example of chemical weathering?
a)
carbon dioxide (carbonic acid)
b)
acid rain
c)
oxidation
d)
lichens
10.
Which type of climate will have faster chemical weathering?
a)
Hot and Wet
b)
Cold and Dry
c)
Hot and Cold
d)
Cold and Wet
11.
What is the relationship between surface area and the rate of weathering?
a)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering decreases
b)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering increases
c)
As surface area decreases, the rate of weathering increases
d)
There is no relationship
12.
What is the layer of soil that contains humus, leaf litter, and other organic matter?
a)
O - Organic
b)
A - Topsoil
c)
B - Subsoil
d)
R - Bedrock
13.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Acid rain dissolving limestone
b)
roots breaking into concrete
c)
paper being ripped
14.
What is the process of transporting sediments from location to another?
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Compaction
15.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material
16.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
17.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
18.
Waves dropping sand on the beach
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
19.
Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
20.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
21.
Wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
22.
Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
23.
Rocks being made smooth by tumbling across a streambed
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
24.
Ponds filling up with sediment and becoming marshes
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
25.
A satellite image of an area in Florida shows a river with slight bends along its length. A second satellite image taken of the same area 10 years later shows the same river with a different course. What is the best explanation for the difference in the shape of the river's course between the two satellite images?
a)
Wind blew waves across the water surface, eroding away the bank on one side of the river until the river's course changed its shape
b)
Regular freezing and thawing of the river split the soil along the river banks, changing the shape of the river
c)
Water eroded the banks of the river and deposited the eroded soil on opposite banks, causing the river to form tighter bends
d)
Acid rain chemically weathered the banks along the river, forcing the river to wind back and forth
26.
Plants prevent soil erosion by-
a)
holding dirt in place with their roots
b)
providing food for herbivores
c)
the process of photosynthesis
d)
releasing water into the atmosphere through transpiration
27.
What is the major cause of weathering and erosion?
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
glaciers
d)
moving water
28.
The type of formation shown is at the southern end of the Mississippi river. What is it called?
a)
coastal erosion
b)
a delta
c)
a loess
d)
sand dunes
29.
What is permeable?
a)
a material that is soft
b)
a material that is full of tiny air spaces that allow water to seep through it
c)
a material that is able to be broken and re-attached
d)
a material that is able to be created into a different substance
30.
Layers of soil are also known as:
a)
Soil Profiles
b)
Soil Horizons
c)
Soil sheets
d)
Soil cores
31.
Which layer of soil contains bedrock that has been cracked slightly?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
O
32.
What type of current flows parallel to the shoreline in a lake or ocean?
a)
gulf current
b)
longshore current
c)
sediment current
d)
wind current
33.
Wind erosion forms what type of landform?
a)
meander
b)
drumlin
c)
sand dune
d)
sand bar
34.
At which two locations in this stream is deposition normally dominant over erosion?
a)
A and D
b)
B and E
c)
C and E
d)
D and C
35.
What are the two types of weathering?
a)
Mechanical and Physical
b)
Mechanical and Chemical
c)
Chemical and Abrasion
d)
There's more than two types
36.
Wind abrasion (wind blowing sand against something) is an example of _______ weathering.
a)
Chemical
b)
Mechanical
37.
What type of plate boundary & crust type usually creates tall mountains?
a)
Convergent, continental-oceanic
b)
Divergent, continental-continental
c)
Convergent, continental-continental
d)
Transform
38.
What type of rock is formed deep underground through heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Metamorphic
d)
None of these
39.
Fossils are found in what type of rock?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Metamorphic
d)
None of these
40.
Obsidian is shiny, smooth and usually black. It is an igneous rock, and forms when:
a)
Magma cools slowly underground
b)
Lava cools slowly underground
c)
Magma cools quickly on the surface
d)
Lava cools quickly on the surface
41.
What is the area underground where there is not any water?
a)
Zone of Saturation
b)
Zone of Aeration
c)
Water
42.
The name of the area that is the upper level of the zone of saturation:
a)
Zone of Saturation
b)
Zone of Aeration
c)
Water Table
43.
Water stored below the Earth's surface is called:
a)
Groundwater
b)
Bogs
c)
Water in the ground
44.
When water soaks the ground it becomes groundwater through what process?
a)
Runoff
b)
Infiltration
c)
Transpiration
45.
The amount of space between soil is:
a)
Porosity
b)
Permeability
46.
What is an underground layer of rock or soil filled with water called?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
47.
A well in which groundwater rises because of pressure is called a(n)
a)
spring well
b)
geyser well
c)
artesian well
d)
cry well
48.
Which well(s) end(s) in a saturated zone?
a)
1 and 2
b)
1 only
c)
4 and 5
d)
1,3 and 5
49.
What could happen if the water table lowers?
a)
There would be more precipitation.
b)
A lake could form in the valley.
c)
The river level could lower.
d)
Transpiration would stop.
50.
what happens during a creep?
a)
a slow movement of particles down hill that happens to every hill covered with weathered material
b)
a guy that stalks you
c)
a movement against the government
51.
A river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends called...
a)
rills
b)
meander
c)
outside curves
d)
deltas
52.
A wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range is called a(n)...
a)
divide
b)
drainage basin
c)
alluvial fan
d)
slump
53.
a)
creep
b)
slump
c)
landslide
d)
mudflow
54.
a)
creep
b)
slump
c)
landslide
d)
mudflow
55.
When a stream flows into a lake, in what order are sediments deposited?
a)
clay, silt, sand then pebbles
b)
sand, silt, clay then pebbles
c)
pebbles, clay, silt then sand
d)
pebbles, sand, silt then clay
56.
What most likely deposited these sediments?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glaciers
d)
gravity
57.
What is this a picture of?
a)
alluvial fan
b)
meander
c)
karst topography
d)
fjord
58.
Which drawing shows what the water table might look like after months of consistent pumping?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
59.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
60.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
61.
This rock was formed by lots of fossils that settled on top of each other over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
62.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
63.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
64.
This rock cooled on the outside of a volcano and contained air bubbles when it was forming. What type of rock is this?
a)
Clastic Sedimentary
b)
Extrusive Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Intrusive Igneous
65.
What agent of erosion most likely created this landform?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glacier
d)
gravity
66.
What agent of erosion most likely created this landform?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glacier
d)
gravity
67.
What agent of erosion most likely created this landform?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glacier
d)
gravity
68.
What agent of erosion most likely created this landform?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glacier
d)
gravity
69.
What agent of erosion most likely created this rock pile?
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
glacier
d)
gravity
70.
In what direction did the force of erosion that created these lakes likely move?
a)
Northwest to southeast
b)
Northeast to southwest
c)
West to east
d)
East to west
71.
The parent material of soil is...
a)
limestone
b)
bedrock
c)
oxygen
d)
fertilizer
72.
Soil that remains on top of bedrock from which it was formed is...
a)
topsoil
b)
transported soil
c)
sweet soil
d)
residual soil
73.
Each layer of soil profile is called a _.
a)
horizon
b)
horizontal
c)
humus
d)
litter
74.
What is the layer of soil just below the topsoil?
a)
soil
b)
subsoil
c)
topsoil
d)
terrace farming
75.
Which layer of soil contains bedrock that has been cracked slightly?
a)
A horizon
b)
B horizon
c)
C horizon
d)
Bedrock
76.
Which layer of soil is most affected by weathering & erosion?
a)
A horizon
b)
B horizon
c)
C horizon
d)
Bedrock
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