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WorksheetsEvolution
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 2hrs 16mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?
a)
individual
b)
population
c)
species
d)
fossil
2.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
3.
All rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)
a)
population
b)
species
c)
fossil
d)
individual organism
4.
which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the wings of an ostrich
5.
What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?
a)
no evolutionary relationships between the groups
b)
recent common ancestry
c)
similar environments in the past
d)
evolution froma distant common ancestor
6.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
7.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
8.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
9.
protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a
a)
coincidence
b)
lack of evolutionary relationship
c)
great number of mutations
d)
shared ancestry
10.
a measure of how commonly a particular allele occurs in a population is known as the
a)
gene pool
b)
allele frequency
c)
mutation rate
d)
phenotype
11.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
12.
What increases genetic variation when animals move from one population to another
a)
genetic drift
b)
sexual selection
c)
bottleneck effect
d)
gene flow
13.
The five-factors gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, natural selection and ....
a)
non-random mating
b)
controlled mating
c)
emigration
d)
immigration
14.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
15.
What is speciation?
a)
combining of tow species to form one with different traits
b)
isolation that affects mating behaviors
c)
timing of mating that prevents normal sexual selection
d)
divergence of two or more species from an existing one
16.
An earthquake causes an ocean channel top open and separate an island into two. the species on each section are now in
a)
geographic isoliation
b)
behavioral isolation
c)
disruptive selection
d)
temporal isolation
17.
What kid of isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship dances?
a)
geographic
b)
sexual
c)
temporal
d)
behavioral
18.
Two species are in different environments and look very similar. However, that are not closely related (analogous). Their resemblance is most likely an example of
a)
sexual selection
b)
temporal isolation
c)
convergent evolution
d)
divergent evolution
19.
asexual reproduction produces offspring with
a)
half of a single parent's genes
b)
the same genes as the parent
c)
a mix of genes from two parents
d)
lots of genetic variation
20.
What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?
a)
natural selection
b)
inheritance
c)
artificial selection
d)
descent withOUT modification
21.
Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are
a)
heritable
b)
new
c)
mutated
d)
better than the best
22.
Favors the middle of the population.
a)
Disruptive selection
b)
Stabilizing selection
c)
Directional selection
23.
Middle is wiped out, extremes survive.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
24.
The entire curve moves in one direction or the other. Red is previous, blue represents the change.
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Disruptive selection
c)
Directional selection
25.
How would you describe this evolution?
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Structural adaption
d)
Functional adaption
26.
Which of the following ideas proposed by Lamarck was later found to be incorrect?
a)
Acquired characteristics can be inherited
b)
All species are descended from other species
c)
Living things change over time
d)
There is a relationship between an organism and its environment
27.
Which of the following explains how natural selection causes a trait to become predominant in a population?
a)
Individuals with traits that are favorable to the environment reproduce more.
b)
Traits of an individual change in order to adapt to changes in enviornment.
c)
organisms select which traits they wish to inherit
d)
all of these answers
28.
Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
a)
Individuals will only create offspring well-suited to the climate change
b)
The individuals would produce more offspring
c)
Individuals better suited to the new climate will help less-suited individuals survive
d)
Some individuals will posses traits better suited to the new climate and be more likely to pass them on
29.
Which of the following is an example of gene flow?
a)
A subordinate wolf successfully challenges the alpha male and mates with pack females
b)
A deer picks up spores from a plant as it grazes and deposits them next to that plant.
c)
A young stallion is driven out of its herd by the alpha stallion and begins its own herd in another location
d)
All of these answers
30.
Physical separation of a population, leading to speciation.
a)
reproductive isolation
b)
geographic isolation
c)
speciation
d)
gene pool
31.
A population moving from on place to another.
a)
speciation
b)
geographic isolation
c)
genetic drift
d)
migration
32.
The idea that evolution seems to occur in spurts of time.
a)
stabilizing selection
b)
directional selection
c)
disruptive selection
d)
puntuated equilibrium
33.
Structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue are called
a)
analagous
b)
adaptations
c)
homologous
d)
fossils
34.
Intermediate fossil forms are important evidence of evolution because they show
a)
how organisms change over time
b)
how animals behaved in their environments
c)
how the embryos of organisms develop
d)
molecular homologies
35.
Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos have many similar physical traits supports the hypothesis that these finches
a)
have the ability to interbreed
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse
c)
all eat the same type of food
d)
descended from a common ancestor
36.
Which of the following phrases best describes the results of natural selection?
a)
natural variation found in all populations
b)
unrelated species living in different locations
c)
changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time
d)
struggle for existence undergone by all iving things
37.
Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)
a)
vestigial structure
b)
analogous structure
c)
homologous structure
38.
A farmer's use of the best livestock for breeding is an example of
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
extinction
d)
adaptation
39.
Which of the following does NOT provide evidence for evolution?
a)
fossil record
b)
natural variation within a species
c)
geographical distribution of living things
d)
homologous structures of living organisms
40.
Which process produced the two different types of beaks in the ground finch and the tree finch?
a)
artificial selection
b)
geographical distribution
c)
natural selection
d)
disuse of the beak
41.
The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population forms a
a)
gene pool
b)
niche
c)
phenotype
d)
population
42.
The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool compared to the total number of times all alleles for the same gene occur is called a(n)
a)
allele frequency
b)
genotype
c)
polygenic trait
d)
genetic drift
43.
Any change in the relative frequency of alleles in the gene pool of a population over time is known as
a)
variation
b)
evolution
c)
stabilizing selection
d)
Founder effect
44.
How does genetic recombination through sexual reproduction (randomness of sperm fertilizing egg) affect variation?
a)
increases it
b)
decreases it
c)
maintains it
45.
The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness than small or large individuals have is called
a)
disruptive selection
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
directional selection
d)
neutral selection
46.
If coat color in a rabbit population is a polygenic trait, which process might have produced the graph below?
a)
disruptive selection
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
directional selection
d)
genetic equilibrium
47.
A random change in a small population's allele frequency is known as
a)
a gene pool
b)
genetic drift
c)
variation
d)
fitness
48.
Temporal isolation occurs when two different populations
a)
develop different mating behaviors
b)
become geographically separated
c)
reproduce at different times
d)
interbreed
49.
If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?
a)
species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
b)
species A evolved independently of species B for a long period
c)
species A is younger than species B
d)
species A is older than species B
50.
The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is called
a)
the Hardy-Weinburg principle
b)
the founder effect
c)
directional selection
d)
the bottleneck effect
51.
The geographic isolation of two populations of a species tends to increase differences between their gene pools because it
a)
prevents interbreeding between the populations
b)
causes the formation of hybrids
c)
causes tmeporal isolation of the two populations
d)
increases differences in courtship behavior
52.
Study of embryos of various organisms
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
53.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
54.
What type of genetic drift occurs when the population size is greatly decreased?
a)
Founder's Effect
b)
Bottleneck Effect
c)
Intrasexual Selection
d)
Intersexual Selection
55.
Structures that have common evolutionary origins, provide evidence for common ancestor.
a)
Species
b)
Vestigial Structures
c)
Population
d)
Homologous Structures
56.
What do scientists generally find when comparing the relationship of living things in different geographic areas?
a)
Species living further apart geographically typically share a more recent common ancestral species than those living closer together
b)
Species living closer geographically typically share a more recent common ancestral species than those living further apart
c)
The location of where an organism lives gives no insight into their evolutionary relationships to other species
d)
Their protein sequences depend on the protein intake from the local watering hole.
57.
Which best describes fossils?
a)
They are the preserved remains or evidence of ancient living things
b)
They are the preserved remains or evidence of ancient living and nonliving things
c)
They are the preserved bones of ancient animals
d)
They are impressions of plant leaves in ancient rocks
58.
Why don't all living things become fossils?
a)
because some living things are too small
b)
because some living things are too big
c)
because some are subject to catastrophism and others are not
d)
because environmental conditions have to be just right to prevent decay
59.
When there are more organisms than the environment can support.
a)
Genetic Variation
b)
Evolution
c)
Adaptation
d)
Overproduction
60.
Process in which certain organisms are chosen based on their genotype and phenotype to produce offspring with the desirable traits
a)
Selection
b)
Artificial selection
c)
Natural selection
d)
Evolution
61.
An individual, living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis.
a)
Cell
b)
Adaptation
c)
Organism
d)
Evolution
62.
A well-substantiated explanation of why things happens in nature, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
a)
Law
b)
Theory
c)
Experiment
d)
Data
63.
All living organisms (biotic factors) in an area as well as its physical environment (abiotic) functioning together form _____
a)
adaptation
b)
fossil
c)
ecosystem
d)
ecology
64.
The changes an organism make to its behavior or body structure to be better suited for survival in an environment.
a)
Adaptation
b)
Behavior
c)
Fossil
d)
Nutrient
65.
When scientists compare the amino acid sequences for the red blood cell protein hemoglobin between various species, what can they determine about the evolutionary relationship between the species?
a)
It can be determined how efficient hemoglobin is for different species
b)
It can provide evidence about the relatedness of the different species: if they are more similar they have a more recent common ancestor.
c)
It cannot determine relatedness between different species, only individuals of the same species
d)
It can show which species evolved first
66.
When comparing amino acid sequences for hemoglobin in humans, horses and gorillas, which two were most closely related?
a)
horses and gorillas
b)
horses and humans
c)
humans and horses
d)
humans and gorillas
67.
The Table below shows the # of differences in amino acids in a protein called “Cytochrome C” when comparing humans to other organisms. The protein is used by many plants and animals to convert energy in cells.
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.
List the 4 closest human relatives based on this biochemical comparison.
a)
chimpanzee, horse, rattlesnake, snapping turtle
b)
chimpanzee, gorilla, rhesus monkey, horse
c)
fruit fly, bread mold, tuna fish, snapping turtle
d)
gorilla, rhesus monkey, rattlesnake, gorilla
68.
The forelimbs of vertebrates, like the ones pictured here, are similar in terms of number of bones and the orientation of bones. Which best describes how comparing homologous structures provides evidence of evolution?
a)
The genes for the body plan and forelimb layout were present in a common ancestral species vertebrates share, thus passed onto all vertebrates.
b)
Similar anatomical structures show how animals adapt to changing environments
c)
Homologous structures show that different species evolve at different rates
d)
Homologous structures don’t actually provide evidence for evolution
69.
Type of traits that produce phenotypes that are described as "one or the other"
a)
Single-gene Traits
b)
Sologenic Traits
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic Traits
70.
A term used to describe a group of individuals of the same species that interbreed is
a)
Gene Pool
b)
Relatives
c)
Polygenic
d)
Population
71.
What are the two main sources of genetic variation in living things?
a)
Equilibrium and Relative Frequency
b)
Mutations and Gene Shuffling
c)
Single-gene and Polygenic traits
d)
Asexual Reproduction and Gene Pools
72.
Gene shuffling includes independent assortment as well as
a)
Mutations
b)
Mitosis
c)
Asexual Reproduction
d)
Crossing Over
73.
Which types of traits are controlled by many different genes?
a)
Single-gene traits
b)
Sologenic traits
c)
Polygenic traits
d)
Multiple alleles
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