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WorksheetsCompetency 5 QUEST Review - Genetics (DNA, RNA, Transcriptio
Total questions: 73
Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
3.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.)
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
4.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
5.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
6.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
7.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
8.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
9.
In the middle of the DNA strand, the bases (ATCG) are held together by what type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
10.
Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides or chromosomes is called a
a)
mutation
b)
single genotype
c)
monohybrid trait
d)
transgenic shift
11.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
12.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
13.
The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called _____.
a)
binary fission
b)
mitosis
c)
replication
d)
translation
14.
Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____
a)
a short molecule
b)
the shape of a double helix
c)
a protein molecule
d)
the genetic material
15.
Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
a)
RNA polymerase
b)
helicase
c)
lactase
d)
DNA polymerase
16.
Who realized that A is always equal to T and C is always equal to G?
a)
Franklin
b)
Watson and Crick
c)
Chargaff
d)
Mendel
17.
Which of the following best describes how DNA and RNA are similar?
a)
they both contain A and T
b)
They both have a double helix
c)
They are both composed of 5 different nucleotides
d)
they both have C and G
18.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
19.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
20.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
21.
Which of the following is incorrect regarding RNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil
b)
RNA can only be found inside the nucleus
c)
RNA is single stranded
d)
RNA contains genetic information
22.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
23.
What is the function of mRNA?
a)
storage of food
b)
prevents mutations
c)
provides energy
d)
carries genetic message
24.
The process of making mRNA from DNA is called.
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Protein synthesis
25.
Before the cell divides, what process needs to happen?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Protein synthesis
26.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
cytoplasm
d)
smooth ER
27.
Amino acids are bonded together by a
a)
hydrogen bond
b)
peptide bond
c)
ionic bond
d)
they are not bonded
28.
An enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the base pairs together as it UNWINDS and UNZIPS the double helix, allowing new nucleotides to bind to the single strands by base pairing.
a)
ligase
b)
RNA polymerase
c)
DNA Helicase
d)
DNA polymerase
29.
Replication is referred to as...
a)
conservative
b)
semi-conservative
c)
quasi-conservative
d)
mostly liberal
30.
Where does translation take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Golgi Body
d)
Cytoplasm
31.
True or false: RNA is double-stranded.
a)
true
b)
false
c)
it depends on the type
32.
What part of protein synthesis does this diagram represent?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
RNA
33.
Any change in the sequence of DNA nucleotides or chromosomes is called a
a)
mutation
b)
single genotype
c)
monohybrid trait
d)
transgenic shift
34.
What is the structure labeled with an X?
a)
amino acid
b)
anticodon
c)
codon
d)
polypeptide
35.
Cri-du-Chat is a serious genetic disorder that results in the chromosomal mutation pictured. Analyzing the picture, Cri-duChat is caused by -
a)
addition of nucleotides in the p arm of the chromosome
b)
exchange if genes from the crossing over of chromosome 5 p arms
c)
loss of several genes on the p arm of chromosome 5
d)
loss of genes on the q arm of chromosome 5
36.
The separation of DNA fragments using electric current is called
a)
gel electrophoresis
b)
karyotyping
c)
chromosome painting
d)
polymerase chain reaction
37.
The banding patterns that gel electrophoresis results in can be used
a)
to produce proteins
b)
to compare various genomes for similarities
c)
make copies of DNA
d)
analyze DNA structures
38.
Chloroplast is to glucose as a ribosome is to
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
lipid
d)
molecule
39.
Which type of ribonucleic acid is like a protein synthesis factory?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
RNA
40.
The human karyotype shown above experienced a nondisjunction during meiosis. The person with the karyotype above is a --
a)
klinefelter's syndrome male with an extra X chromosome
b)
turner's syndrome female with a single X chromosome
c)
down syndrome female with a missing chromosome
d)
down syndrome male with an extra chromosome
41.
Which amino acid would be synthesized given the DNA sequence GTA?
a)
Histidine
b)
Valine
c)
Threonine
d)
Methionine
42.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
43.
A person heterozygous for wet earwax (Ww) mates with a person homozygous recessive for dry earwax. What is the chance their baby is heterozygous?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
44.
Two mice heterozygous for red eyes mate. What is the expected genotypic ratio of their offspring?
a)
1 RR: 1 Rr: 1 rr
b)
0 RR: 4 Rr: 0 rr
c)
1 RR: 2 Rr: 1 rr
d)
1 RR: 1 Rr
45.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
46.
Which of the following is NOT a genotype?
a)
heterozygous
b)
a trait
c)
Bb
d)
homozygous recessive
47.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
48.
Aa is
a)
homozygous (purebred)
b)
heterozygous (hybrid)
49.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
50.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both
51.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
52.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
53.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the probability of having a white flowered plant if the parents were heterozygous red and homozygous red?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
54.
A sex cell that has half the amount of DNA that is found in a body cell.
a)
gene
b)
gamete
c)
fertilization
d)
allele
55.
Mendel's "character" is to ________ as trait is to _______.
a)
allele / gene
b)
gene / allele
c)
DNA / RNA
d)
genotype / phenotype
56.
In a pedigree ______ are circles and organisms who express the trait under study are _______.
a)
females / not shaded in
b)
males / not shaded in
c)
females / shaded in
d)
males / shaded in
57.
If a certain allele of a trait masks the expression of another allele, the allele that is masked is referred to as ________.
a)
Dominant
b)
Recessive
c)
Primary
d)
Genetic
58.
This chicken is the offspring of a black chicken and a white chicken. What kind of inheritance does it's feather color have?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Pleiotropy
d)
Simple Mendelian Inheritance
59.
If the dominant allele is G and the recessive allele is g, an organism that is GG is called ________ while an organism that is gg is called _______.
a)
Homozygous / heterozygous
b)
Heterozygous / homozygous
c)
Homozygous / homozygous
d)
Heterozygous / heterozygous
60.
If you crossed two tall pea plants and 25% of the offspring are dwarf pea plants, what can you deduce about the parents genotypes?
a)
You can't tell anything for sure
b)
One of them is homozygous recessive
c)
They are both heterozygotes
d)
They express codominance
61.
This image shows a ________
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Genetic Tree
c)
Phylogenic Tree
d)
Pedigree
62.
Disorders on the X chromosome affect _____ at a higher frequency.
a)
males
b)
females
c)
They affect both males and females evenly
d)
none of the above
63.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
64.
What genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?
a)
RrYy
b)
RRYY
c)
rryy
d)
RrYY
65.
A breed of chicken shows codominance for feather color. One allele codes for black feathers, another codes for white feathers. The feathers of heterozygous chickens of this breed will be:
a)
all black
b)
all white
c)
all gray
d)
speckled black and white
66.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
67.
Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100%short
68.
B = brown fur b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
69.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
70.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that neither trait is dominant and the traits appear to blend together?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
71.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that both traits are dominant and both appear in the organism and neither trait is masked?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
72.
What type of inheritance is determined by multiple genes located at different loci on different chromosomes and there can be a range of traits?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
73.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
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