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WorksheetsSociology Final
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Research methods can be divided into two categories: quantitative and qualitative.
a)
True
b)
False
2.
According to conflict theory, ageism is a way of forcing older people from the work force.
a)
True
b)
False
3.
Racial categories are rooted in biology.
a)
True
b)
False
4.
Conflict theory states that the majority uses prejudice and discrimination to control a minority.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
Unlike other animals, humans are already socialized when they are born.
a)
True
b)
False
6.
Capitalism is an economic system founded on the right of individuals to profit from their labors.
a)
True
b)
False
7.
Mass media plays a role in the socialization of children because it is constantly displaying role
models that children may imitate.
models that children may imitate.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
One way to develop the sociological imagination is to look at your own society as an outsider.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
Societies and groups frequently use social sanctions to exert external social control.
a)
True
b)
False
10.
Most modern governments are based on traditional authority.
a)
True
b)
False
11.
Sexism is a set of attitudes, beliefs, and values used to justify gender inequality.
a)
True
b)
False
12.
Quantitative research uses numerical data.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
Deviance is relative to time and place and therefore its definition can change
a)
True
b)
False
14.
The meaning of a symbol is based solely on its physical characteristics.
a)
True
b)
False
15.
Stereotypes can be used to justify unethical treatment of minority groups.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
The final step when conducting research is to
a)
analyze the data.
b)
develop a hypothesis.
c)
collect the data.
d)
state findings and
conclusions
17.
Primary relationships are more likely to develop if the size of the group is small. What is the main reason for this fact?
a)
It is easier to know
individuals well when you are in a small group rather than in a large one.
b)
Large groups tend to be
more coercive.
c)
Large groups tend to be
more informal and therefore there is a less structured environment in which to
get to know people.
d)
Large groups tend to meet
more often than small groups.
18.
What did W.E.B. Du Bois criticize?
a)
class based social
structure
b)
the assumption that
African Americans are inferior
c)
the move from
agricultural to industrial society
d)
the belief in Social
Darwinism
19.
Historically, many African Americans in southern states were denied the right to vote by government officials who treated them differently from whites; for example, by requiring them to pass complex exams to be able to vote. This is an example of
a)
institutionalized
discrimination.
b)
genocide.
c)
ethnocentrism.
d)
a self-fulfilling prophecy.
20.
Capitalism is founded on the sanctity of
a)
societal strata.
b)
private property.
c)
voting registration.
d)
government officials.
21.
Why do people use reference groups?
a)
People use them to evaluate
themselves and acquire values.
b)
Reference groups give
people something to join.
c)
They provide models of
positive behavior.
d)
People use reference groups
to exclude others.
22.
Assume that Michael’s teacher has a rule that if a student talks out-of-turn three times in one day, that student must stay in for recess for the rest of the week. Which of the following methods is the teacher using to control student behavior?
a)
folkway
b)
informal sanction
c)
sociobiology
d)
formal sanction
23.
Which is an example of an interlocking directorate? The head of corporation A
a)
makes arrangements with the
head of Corporation B for the two corporations to merge.
b)
refuses to communicate with
the head of Corporation B.
c)
files court papers to
separate business from the head of Corporation B.
d)
and the head of Corporation
B sit on one another’s corporate boards.
24.
Which of the following is a cultural universal?
a)
female-headed households
b)
the lack of an army during
peacetime
c)
family structure
d)
male-headed households
25.
Which of the following may arise from a lack of social norms?
a)
anomie
b)
ritualism
c)
positive deviance
d)
stigma
26.
Social control refers to
a)
the folkways practiced by a
society.
b)
the methods a society uses
to promote order and stability.
c)
the violation of a social
sanction.
d)
the rebellious behavior of
many adolescents.
27.
What did eighteenth-century Scottish social philosopher Adam Smith state was the regulator of economy?
a)
self-interest
b)
mixed economic systems
c)
monopolies
d)
state-owned small
businesses
28.
Which of the following would be considered socially-acceptable in an industrial society?
a)
threatening private
property
b)
adopting a policy that
prohibits promotions
c)
competing for a higher
paying job
d)
refusing to participate in
the work process
29.
Which of the following is an element of culture?
a)
instincts
b)
values
c)
reflexes
d)
genetics
30.
During a beginning study of sociology, it is appropriate to think of politics as the exercise of power and economics as the distribution of
a)
society.
b)
behavior.
c)
resources.
d)
government.
31.
Which of the following is generally the first agent of socialization for most people?
a)
family
b)
mass media
c)
religion
d)
medicine
32.
Students in George’s sixth-grade class avoid him because they know his father is in prison for auto theft. This is an example of
a)
ritualism.
b)
rebellion.
c)
a stigma.
d)
attachment.
33.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., inspired many people through his personality and the strength of his ideas. Which term identifies the form of authority this exemplifies?
a)
legitimate
b)
traditional
c)
charismatic
d)
rational-legal
34.
Which of the following is true of how gender socialization occurs in schools?
a)
Teachers encourage different
behaviors from boys and girls.
b)
Boys are taught to dislike
math and science.
c)
Girls are taught to dislike
reading.
d)
Boys are encouraged to be
less assertive in class.
35.
Which of the following is an example of a cultural universal?
a)
the existence of a family
structure
b)
lack of mourning rituals
c)
tasks are not assigned but
are left to decisions made by individuals
d)
societal values are formed
by individual choices
36.
In the 1960s, African Americans boycotted some businesses that practiced segregation. Which of the following is this an example of?
a)
a value
b)
an informal sanction
c)
a law
d)
a formal sanction
37.
The theory that behavioral differences are the result of inherited physical characteristics is called
a)
biological determinism.
b)
gender identity.
c)
nature versus nurture.
d)
adaptive evolution.
38.
A researcher is interested in studying the behavior of high-school basketball teams. Over one
season, she joins the team during practice, watching the players' interactions first-hand. What type of research is this?
season, she joins the team during practice, watching the players' interactions first-hand. What type of research is this?
a)
a questionnaire
b)
an interview
c)
a case study
d)
participant observation
39.
Which best describes how peers influence the gender socialization of high school students?
a)
They typically encourage
each other to try nontraditional behavior.
b)
They typically encourage
each other to follow traditional gender roles.
c)
Boys typically encourage
other boys to follow nontraditional gender roles, while girls typically
encourage other girls to follow traditional behavior.
d)
They have no influence on
gender socialization.
40.
Which of the following is an example of a hate crime?
a)
a person stealing money
from an Asian American because the thief wants to buy drugs
b)
painting a swastika on a
Jewish neighbor’s garage
c)
arguing with someone about
politics
d)
not hiring a Latino
American for a job because she does not have the required skills
41.
According to Émile Durkheim, where is consensus strongest?
a)
in small tribal
societies
b)
in large industrial
societies
c)
in universities
d)
in countries with
large international trade
42.
A successful businesswoman suddenly finds that she cannot be promoted to the top levels of her company. Conflict theorists call this a
a)
glass ceiling
b)
social ladder
c)
brick wall
d)
social pattern
43.
About 85% of corporate secretaries are female. This is an example of
a)
gender identity.
b)
biological determinism.
c)
de jure sexism.
d)
occupational sex
segregation.
44.
Which of the following is true concerning deviant behavior?
a)
Primary deviance usually
leads to secondary deviance.
b)
What is considered deviant
in one society may not be considered deviant in another society.
c)
Deviant behavior is also
illegal behavior.
d)
Adults learn deviant
behavior more quickly than children.
45.
How does positive deviance differ from negative deviance?
a)
Positive deviance occurs
when people over-conform.
b)
Society benefits from
positive deviance.
c)
Negative deviance occurs
when people idealize group norms.
d)
Positive deviance is easier
to manage.
46.
Which of the following emphasizes the contributions of each part of society and how these parts work together to create a unified whole?
a)
symbolic
interactionism
b)
the conflict
perspective
c)
functionalism
d)
positivism
47.
Which of the following illustrates the symbolic interactionist perspective on gender differences?
a)
Women are denied access to
education.
b)
Men hunted, and women
raised children.
c)
Parents teach children
gender roles.
d)
Men earn more than women.
48.
Many experts on human development believe
a)
that humans develop
normally with little contact with other humans.
b)
human babies without close
human contact have difficulty forming emotional ties with other people
c)
that it is easy to draw conclusions
about human behavior from observing the behavior of other animals.
d)
unlike other animals, human
do not have emotional needs, only physiological needs.
49.
Which of the following is a negative effect of deviance?
a)
It provides a safety valve.
b)
It promotes social change.
c)
It causes society to
reaffirm norms.
d)
It erodes trust.
50.
Which best describes the economic system of most nations?
a)
capitalist
b)
socialist
c)
monopolistic
d)
mixed
51.
Why is social control important?
a)
It establishes
nonconformity.
b)
It creates stability.
c)
It promotes
unpredictability.
d)
It generates deviance.
52.
According to functionalists, attitudes about aging changed when
a)
industrialization changed
the nature of work.
b)
new political systems
emerged.
c)
women began to enter the
workforce.
d)
the retirement age
increased.
53.
Which of the following is true of postindustrial societies?
a)
More people work in
white-collar jobs than in blue-collar jobs.
b)
More people work in
blue-collar jobs than in white-collar jobs.
c)
People assess technological
change primarily after introducing it.
d)
Technical knowledge is less
important in the workplace.
54.
How do sociologists define society?
a)
people that share the same
language
b)
the combined genetic
characteristics of a group of people
c)
a territory inhabited by
people with a common culture
d)
the basis for human and
nonhuman groups
55.
What is an important difference between sociology and anthropology?
a)
Sociology studies
human mental processes; anthropology deals with human emotions.
b)
Anthropology studies
social structure; sociology studies culture.
c)
Sociology studies the
theory of government; anthropology studies how government works.
d)
Sociology
investigates social behavior from a group perspective; anthropology
investigates culture.
56.
Which of the following best expresses conformity?
a)
What do you think?
b)
That’s a bad idea.
c)
Let’s talk this over.
d)
All my friends say I
should!
57.
Which correctly reflects a position of social philosopher Adam Smith?
a)
Over-regulation by
government is inevitable.
b)
It is sometimes necessary
for the state to intervene to prevent abuses by businesses.
c)
Government should take a
hands-off approach regarding the economy.
d)
A combination of private
ownership of property and the pursuit of profit creates disadvantages for the
state and society.
58.
Regarding forms of prejudice, symbolic interactionism states that
a)
prejudices weaken the
majority group’s self-concept.
b)
hate crimes are rare among
people who are strongly ethnocentric.
c)
the majority encourages
minorities to assimilate in order to increase the stability of a society.
d)
hate crimes always involve
demeaning labels that justify violence.
59.
According to Durkheim, the social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent is called
a)
retreatism.
b)
strain.
c)
anomie.
d)
ritualism.
60.
Which of the following questions best helps you evaluate information on the Internet?
a)
What is the quantity of
information?
b)
How many people have
visited the site?
c)
Where did the information
come from?
d)
Does the site use graphics
effectively?
61.
What is one way the Internet affects a social network?
a)
It slows down the flow of
information among networks.
b)
It establishes boundaries
between different networks.
c)
It encourages more
face-to-face contact.
d)
It expands the amount of
interaction within networks.
62.
Which of the following best describes the functionalist view of gender?
a)
It is to men’s advantage to
prevent women from gaining political, economic, and social power.
b)
Traditional gender roles
are outdated because people in modern society no longer need to rely on
physical strength to survive
c)
The traditional division of
responsibilities between men and women exists because it has benefited society.
d)
Children acquire their
gender identity by interacting with the world around them, including parents,
teachers, and peers.
63.
The functionalist perspective regarding models of political power believes that power is exercised by
a)
economic and public
policies.
b)
mass media and social
celebrities.
c)
national political and
military leaders.
d)
bargaining and compromising
interest groups.
64.
Which of the following jobs would be in the primary sector? A(an)
a)
worker in a phone factory
b)
cashier in a clothing store
c)
insurance salesperson
d)
vegetable farmer
65.
The environmental lobby best exemplifies a(n)
a)
public policy.
b)
mass media influence
c)
interest group.
d)
power of the voting public.
66.
Which of the following is a challenge usually associated with adolescence?
a)
decreased decision making
opportunities
b)
a firm grasp of one’s
status
c)
a lowering of feelings of
pressure
d)
pressure from a peer group
67.
Carlos’s first-grade teacher is teaching him that he should speak in class only after raising his hand and being called on. What is this an example of?
a)
norm
b)
drive
c)
taboo
d)
subculture
68.
Most sociologists believe that
a)
gender differences have
both biological and cultural causes.
b)
family attitudes are
responsible for virtually all gender differences.
c)
biology is responsible for
about 90% of gender differences.
d)
culture is responsible for
about 90% of gender differences.
69.
In the 1800s, some schools had rules that female teachers had to be unmarried because most people believed that married women should stay home and take care of their families. However, no such rules applied to men in their work. This is an example of
a)
biological determinism.
b)
feminization of poverty.
c)
sexism.
d)
gender identity.
70.
Why is the scientific method used when conducting scientific research?
a)
It encourages randomness
when doing research.
b)
It enhances social
responsibility.
c)
It lessens the need for
professional competence.
d)
It provides a systematic
way to pursue knowledge.
71.
Which of the following words can be considered an example of a stigma?
a)
cheater
b)
hero
c)
doctor
d)
studious
72.
Which of the following people works in the primary sector?
a)
a farmer who raises
chickens
b)
a baker
c)
a website developer
d)
a dentist
73.
Women held less than ten percent of civil engineering positions in 2010. This is an example of
a)
occupational sex
segregation.
b)
de jure segregation.
c)
gender socialization.
d)
a “pink-collar” job.
74.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the elderly in the United States today?
a)
Few elderly women live in
poverty because their husbands provide security.
b)
The elderly are worse off
than they were 40 years ago.
c)
Most elderly people who
live in institutions are financially well off.
d)
Discrimination against
racial minorities increases as people age.
75.
Which type of power does Nelson Mandela’s rule exemplify?
a)
coercive, because his power
arose through a show of force
b)
rational-legal, because his
power arose from the office he held
c)
traditional, because his
power arose from legitimacy rooted in custom
d)
charismatic, because his
power arose from his personal characteristics
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