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WorksheetsGENETICS REVIEW
Total questions: 81
Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
2.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
3.
Snapdragon flowers come in red, pink and white. What type of inheritance is this?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
4.
The sex of an offspring is determined by ______________________.
a)
the mother
b)
the father
c)
the mother and the father
d)
by the environment
5.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
6.
Term for homozygous organisms that display two dominant phenotypes at the same time
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
linked genes
7.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; what you see.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
8.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
9.
The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
redigree
10.
bb is a _________________ genotype
a)
Dominant
b)
Homozygous
c)
Genotype
d)
Phenotype
11.
the condensed form of DNA is called________________
a)
an allele
b)
a gene
c)
a chromosome
d)
a phenotype
12.
Where, in the eukaryotic cell, is DNA located?
a)
ribosomes
b)
nucleus
c)
E.R.
d)
cytoplasm
13.
Which of the following will only show if two alleles are present?
a)
a dominant trait
b)
a recessive trait
14.
Pairs of genes that control the same trait are known as
a)
allelles
b)
gametes
c)
hybrids
d)
loci
15.
Which represents the genotype of a homozygous condition?
a)
Bb
b)
BC
c)
bb
d)
bc
16.
Dominant alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
17.
What does a Punnett Square help you do?
a)
Determine the ratio of phenotypes
b)
Determine the ratio of genotypes
c)
Predict possible traits the offspring will have
d)
All of the above
18.
The idea that genes can be turned off and on through environmental exposure/experiences AND transmitted to offspring is called?
a)
Nurture
b)
Epigenetics
c)
Genetics
19.
What are genetically modified (GM) organisms and GM foods?
a)
Foods or organisms with better taste
b)
Foods or organisms grown in the USA, only
c)
Foods or organisms with DNA modified in a way that doesn't occur naturally
d)
Food and organisms that have been injected with hormones
20.
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
a)
Genetic Engineering
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Gene Mutation
21.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
22.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
23.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
24.
The purpose of gene therapy is to
a)
remove mutations from genes
b)
cure genetic disorders
c)
determine the sequences of genes
25.
Stem cells are
a)
cells that grow uncontrollably
b)
undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
c)
never go through cell division
d)
only found in embryos
26.
How many children did individuals I-1 and I-2 have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
6
d)
8
27.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
28.
Who would use a pedigree?
a)
Doctor
b)
Scientist
c)
Grandma
d)
All of the above
29.
Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represent a female?
a)
XY
b)
XXY
c)
XX
30.
The long strandlike structures in the nucleus that are made of DNA are
a)
organelles
b)
genes
c)
chromsomes
d)
popcornosomes
31.
A segment of DNA is called a
a)
Chromosome
b)
Gene
c)
Phenotype
d)
Genotype
32.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
33.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
34.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
35.
Proteins are made by...
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Nucleus
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Mitochondria
36.
A protein is a compound made of _.
a)
protein
b)
amino acids
c)
amino energy
d)
ammo
37.
Autosomes are
a)
chromosomes found in autotrophs, only
b)
chromosomes that automatically correct all errors in the DNA
c)
chromosomes that determine traits other than sex
d)
chromosomes that determine the sex of the individual
38.
What is the human genome?
a)
a piece of DNA
b)
a chromosome
c)
all of your cells
d)
all of your DNA
39.
The man who studied genetics and came up with genetics is
a)
Watson
b)
Crick
c)
Mendel
d)
Darwin
40.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
41.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
42.
Magda is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Magda most likely inherit?
a)
height
b)
the scar
c)
ability to swim
d)
ability to play drums
43.
Humans have 23 ____________ pairs.
a)
genes
b)
chromosomes
c)
enzymes
d)
DNA
44.
What is a dominant trait?
a)
A trait that is passed to an offspring if one parent has it.
b)
Making an exact genetic copy of an organism.
c)
A trait that may or may not be passed on to an offspring.
d)
A mutation.
45.
A mistake in the replication of DNA is called a ___________.
a)
mutation
b)
enzyme
c)
chromosome
d)
recessive gene
46.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
47.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
48.
How are Incomplete Dominance and Co Dominance different than a normal Mendelian cross?
a)
There is no difference
b)
The heterozygous genotype has a unique phenotype
c)
There is no heterozygous genotype
d)
There is only one phenotype regardless of genotype.
49.
Which type of inheritance causes both traits to be expressed equally in the heterozygote?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Co-Dominance
d)
Sex-linked
50.
____ is an application of the human genome project that involves the insertion of normal genes into cells with defective genes in order to correct genetic disorders.
a)
gene gun
b)
gene mapping
c)
gene linkage
d)
gene therapy
51.
The purpose of selective breeding is to
a)
Get bigger animals
b)
get smaller animals
c)
create animals with desirable traits
d)
create animals with bad traits
52.
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation?
a)
inbreeding
b)
hybridization
c)
mutations
d)
radiation
53.
The sequence of amino acids is determined by:
a)
Genes
b)
Hydrogen Bonds
c)
Like Dissolves Like
d)
pH
54.
How does information for coding proteins get from the nucleus to the ribosomes?
a)
RNA transports the codes
b)
DNA transports the codes
c)
magic
d)
the ribosomes go to the nucleus and pick up the codes
55.
DNA and RNA are different in that
a)
RNA is made of two strands and DNA is made of one strand
b)
DNA is made of two strands and RNA is made of one strand
c)
DNA is found only in the cytoplasm
d)
RNA is found only in the nucleus
56.
These are the building blocks of proteins
a)
genes
b)
DNA alphabet
c)
amino acids
d)
chromosomes
57.
Put in order from BIGGEST to SMALLEST (Most Complex to Least Complex)
a)
Chromosome - DNA - Gene
b)
DNA - Chromosome - Gene
c)
Gene - DNA - Chromosome
58.
Which best describes a chromosome?
a)
A compact unit of DNA
b)
A molecule that tells our bodies how to develop and function
c)
Part of the DNA alphabet
d)
A protein
59.
What are proteins made of?
a)
amino acids
b)
chromosomes
c)
DNA
d)
Genes
60.
This is a molecule that contains instructions/blueprint for building different parts of the cell. Tells our bodies how to develop and function.
a)
gene
b)
chromosome
c)
protein
d)
DNA
61.
What is a gene?
a)
A protein
b)
A section of DNA that tells our bodies how to build proteins
c)
Part of the DNA alphabet
d)
All of these
64.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
63.
B = brown fur b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
64.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
65.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
66.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
67.
If Spongebob is homozygous for a yellow body (yellow dominant over blue), then his genotype would be ...
a)
Yy
b)
yy
c)
YY
d)
Yb
68.
A corn plant heterozygous for tall sprouts mates with a corn plant with short sprouts. If tall sprouts are dominant, how many different phenotypes are possible in the offspring?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
69.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
e)
I don't know.
70.
A person heterozygous for wet earwax (Ww) mates with a person homozygous recessive for dry earwax. What is the chance their baby is heterozygous?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
71.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
72.
Which of the following is NOT a genotype?
a)
heterozygous
b)
a trait
c)
Bb
d)
homozygous recessive
73.
In chickens, feather color is codominant. If a black chicken BB is mated with one that is black and white (BW), what is the probability of having a chicken that is black and white?
a)
1/4
b)
1/2
c)
3/4
d)
100%
74.
A red flowered plant (RR) is crossed with a white flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance. What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
75.
How many PAIRS of chromosomes do humans have?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
1
d)
2
76.
How many PAIRS of sex chromosomes do humans have?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
1
d)
2
77.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
78.
Co-dominance ________________
a)
is a situation in which both alleles are equally strong and both alleles are visible in the hybrid genotype
b)
is a situation in which the dominant allele is stronger than the recessive allele, but both alleles are visible in the hybrid genotype
c)
is a situation in which the recessive alleles are stronger than the dominant allele, within which the recessive alleles are visible in the hybrid genotype
d)
none of the answers are correct.
79.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
80.
DNA codes for (or makes) a _______________?
a)
Protein
b)
Life form
c)
chromosome
d)
mRNA strand
81.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
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