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WorksheetsBiology EOC Review 2017
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 47mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the correct order for protein synthesis?
a)
PROTEIN --> DNA --> RNA
b)
DNA-->PROTEIN-->RNA
c)
DNA-->RNA-->PROTEIN
2.
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?
a)
differentiation
b)
natural selection
c)
selective breeding
d)
genetic engineering
3.
During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?
a)
excretion
b)
metabolism
c)
homeostasis
d)
synthesis
4.
Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?
a)
The cytoplasm separates.
b)
The DNA replicates.
c)
The sister chromatids separate.
d)
The homologous chromosomes cross over.
5.
What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?
a)
to use oxygen to produce glucose
b)
to take in excess water
c)
to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose
d)
to feed on herbivores
6.
Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds?
a)
competition
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predator-prey
7.
What will most likely happen if the human population continues to grow at current rates?
a)
There will be fewer natural resources available for future generations.
b)
There will be an increase in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere.
c)
There will be a decrease in water pollution.
d)
There will be an increase in the number of strong hurricanes.
8.
A sea turtle has washed up on a remote section of a beach. This is known as a “stranding.” Stranding occurs when a dead, sick or injured sea turtle washes up on the shoreline. Which statement best explains why “stranding” should be reported immediately to local authorities?
a)
The information can be very useful to biologists and managers who are trying to protect the species.
b)
The information can be very useful to protect sea turtles from predators.
c)
The information can be very useful to local fishermen who try to catch fish that sea turtles eat.
d)
The information can be very useful to tourists who may want to keep sea turtles as pets.
9.
A strand of DNA has these bases:
AGC CAT GTA TAC What is the complementary DNA strand?
AGC CAT GTA TAC What is the complementary DNA strand?
a)
ACG GAT CTA TAG
b)
TCG GTA CAT ATG
c)
TGC CTA GAT ATC
d)
UCG CUA CAU AUG
10.
Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?
a)
Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA
b)
Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced.
c)
DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function.
d)
Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.
11.
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
a)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.
b)
It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
c)
It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
d)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
12.
Which process produces the most variation within a species?
a)
Asexual reproduction
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
mitosis
d)
cloning
13.
Which technique would most likely be used by forensic scientists?
a)
gene cloning
b)
gene therapy
c)
DNA fingerprinting
d)
karyotyping
14.
Which is one reason scientists produce transgenic organisms?
a)
to create new species of organisms
b)
to control microorganisms in the soil
c)
to prevent habitats from being destroyed
d)
to treat certain types of diseases
15.
What are the subunits of DNA and their function?
a)
nucleotides that store information
b)
monosaccharides that provide quick energy for the cell
c)
lipids that store energy and provide insulation
d)
proteins that provide the building blocks for the structural components of organisms
16.
The use of pesticides on crops has been a common farming practice for decades. What has been the greatest effect of natural selection through the use of pesticides on certain insect populations?
a)
Natural selection has been altered because the insects and their predators are killed.
b)
The rate of selection is increased because the pesticides do not kill the insects that are naturally resistant to it.
c)
The rate of selection has decreased because the pesticides kill only young insects.
d)
The pesticides have altered natural selection by causing the insect DNA to spontaneously mutate.
17.
What is the difference between the full classification of organisms and their scientific names?
a)
The full classification of organisms and their scientific names vary in different countries.
b)
The scientific names of organisms include the order and family of the organisms, but the full classification includes only the species name
c)
The full classification of organisms will include more categories of organisms than their scientific names.
d)
The scientific names of organisms include a single nomenclature, but the full classification includes various nomenclatures.
18.
What type of organic molecules are enzymes?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
19.
A freshwater plant is placed in a container of saltwater. What will most likely happen to the cells of the plant?
a)
They will swell because water will move into them.
b)
They will swell because salt will move into them
c)
They will shrink because water will move out of them.
d)
They will shrink because salt will move out of them.
20.
How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?
a)
Aerobic respiration results in less energy.
b)
Aerobic respiration results in more energy.
c)
Each process results in equal amounts of energy.
d)
Each process results in variable amounts of energy.
21.
This diagram shows a plant cell. Which structure is found in a plant cell but is absent in an animal cell?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
22.
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
a)
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells.
b)
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.
c)
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells.
d)
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart.
23.
During which phase of the cell cycle is the cell growing and preparing for cellular division?
a)
cytokinesis
b)
anaphase
c)
prophase
d)
interphase
24.
The males of a bird species do a “dance” and “sing a song” each spring. What is the main purpose of these behaviors?
a)
to scare off young birds
b)
to imprint young birds
c)
to clean their feathers
d)
to attract female birds
25.
The yucca plant releases a strong scent at night when the yucca moth is active. The yucca moth, attracted by the scent, gathers pollen from the yucca flower. The yucca moth then deposits her eggs and the pollen on another plant. This ensures that the plant will be cross-pollinated and that the yucca moth larvae have a steady food supply. Which relationship does this BEST illustrate?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
26.
What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?
a)
It will be unable to carry out respiration.
b)
It will lose water through osmosis.
c)
It will break down ribosomes in the cell
d)
It will be unable to photosynthesize.
27.
Which of the following uses a karyotype?
a)
chromosomal analysis
b)
modifying an organism's genes
c)
determining a genome
d)
DNA fingerprinting
28.
Which of these controls the differentiation of cells in a multi cellular organism?
a)
the production of gametes during meiosis
b)
cell reproduction by binary fission
c)
the locations of the cells within the developing embryo
d)
the concentration of maternal hormones
29.
The ability to taste a bitter chemical called PTC is a dominant trait in humans. The Punnett square below shows a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the ability to taste this chemical. What is the probability, expressed as a percentage, that these parents will produce an offspring who is homozygous recessive for the tasting trait?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
30.
Which of the following is most likely to alter the DNA in an individual's gametes before it is passed to offspring?
a)
poor nutrition
b)
bright lights
c)
ultraviolet (UV) radiation
d)
cool temperatures
31.
Which of these substances stores and transmits the information that specifies the traits of an organism?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
enzymes
d)
carbohydrates
32.
A strand of DNA with the sequence A-C-T-T-G serves as a template to form a strand of mRNA with the sequence U-G-A-A-C. During which process would this happen?
a)
replication
b)
transcription
c)
translation
d)
meiosis
33.
Which statement describes the components that make up the genetic code of all organisms?
a)
The components are unique in every kind of organisms
b)
the components are the same for all organisms
c)
the components are the same only for unicellular organisms
d)
the components are unique in all kinds of organisms that reproduce sexually
34.
The diagram summarizes two stages in the production of the specialized cells used for sexual reproduction.
What happens in the stage labeled "process 2"?
What happens in the stage labeled "process 2"?
a)
The chromosomes cross over.
b)
Th chromosomes number is reduced by half.
c)
The chromosomes move to opposite end of the cell.
d)
Four identical gametes form.
35.
Proteins are formed in the cytoplasm of cell using genetic instructions from DNA, which is located in the cells nucleus. Which of the following best explains how the genetic information gets to the site of protein synthesis?
a)
DNA is divided during mitosis, and one strand travels outside the nucleus to bind with RNA and form a protein
b)
DNA is copied to make mRNA. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosomes, where the information is used to guide protein synthesis.
c)
Genetic information travels from DNA in the nucleus along a strand of mRNA that is connected to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
d)
The genetic code is transferred to ribosomes on tRNA molecules, which can pass through the nuclear membrane.
36.
The diagram shows the base sequence of a strand of DNA.
From left to right, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA in this molecule?
From left to right, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA in this molecule?
a)
T G A A C
b)
A C T T G
c)
T G U U C
d)
U C T T G
37.
Which of these is the key idea of the endosymbiont theory?
a)
Eukaryotes evolved from early prokaryotic cell that developed internal cell membranes.
b)
Prokaryotic cells evolved from early eukaryotes that were enclosed by cell walls.
c)
Early prokaryotic cells evolved from chloroplasts.
d)
Early prokaryotic cells evolved from chemicals that became joined together using the heat given off by deep ocean vents.
38.
The table shows several DNA codons and their corresponding amino acids.
If a sequence of DNA reads AGTGGGTCT, for what sequence of amino acids does it code?
If a sequence of DNA reads AGTGGGTCT, for what sequence of amino acids does it code?
a)
arginine-glycine-serine
b)
serine-arginine-arginine
c)
serine-arginine-glycine
d)
serine-glycine-serine
39.
What type of cell is shown?
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic
c)
bacterial
d)
protist
40.
Proteins are assembled within this cell organelle.
a)
nucleus
b)
Golgi apparatus
c)
lysosome
d)
ribosome
41.
What is the movement of molecules or solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
a)
osmosis
b)
active transport
c)
merging
d)
diffusion
42.
Which of these requires ATP?
a)
osmosis
b)
diffusion
c)
active transport
d)
stasis
43.
Which class of biomolecules include monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
44.
Which biomolecule's monomer (or building block) is nucleotides?
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Nucleic Acid
45.
Which biomolecule's monomer (or building block) are monosaccharides?
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Nucleic Acid
46.
What is the carrying capacity of the following graph?
a)
10
b)
30
c)
40
d)
45
47.
Natural selection is sometimes described as survival of the fittest. In this sence, what is meant by the fitness of an organism>
a)
The strength of the organism
b)
the intelligence of an organism
c)
the ability to survive and reproduce
d)
the tendency to grow larger than others
48.
What reactants are there in cellular respiration?
a)
Water and Glucose
b)
Oxygen and Glucose
c)
Carbon Dioxide and Water
d)
Twenty Jelly beans
49.
What are the products of cellular respiration?
a)
Energy (ATP), Water, and Carbon DIoxide.
b)
Water and Oxygen
c)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
d)
Water, Oxygen and Energy (ATP)
50.
6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
In this chemcial equation, the highlight red is called the ______.
In this chemcial equation, the highlight red is called the ______.
a)
product
b)
reactant
c)
yields
d)
production
51.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds?
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
52.
What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
53.
The legs of crocodiles and mice have similar bone structures and develop in a similar way. What type of structures are the leg bones?
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
fossilized structures
d)
vestigial structures
54.
Which best describes an ecosystem?
a)
A group of species that inhabits a particular area
b)
a group of popultions as well as the abiotic environment
c)
All the organisms of one species that inhabit a particular area
d)
All the zones of Earth's land, water, and air where living organisms are found
55.
Which statement describes a main difference between primary and secondary succession?
a)
Primary succession is always followed by secondary succession
b)
Secondary succession always ends in a climax community while primary does not
c)
Primary succession always starts with barren rock; secondary does not
d)
Secondary succession always reaches a climax community of trees while primary succession ends with pioneer species.
56.
What is the name and importance of the molecule shown in the picture?
a)
fatty acid tail; makes up the fat found in butter
b)
phospholipid; makes up cellular membranes
c)
triglyceride; makes up animal lard
d)
cellulose; makes up the cell walls of plants
57.
The cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?
a)
All living things are made of cells.
b)
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
c)
Cells form through spontaneous generation.
d)
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
58.
An osmosis investigation was conducted using 20 chicken eggs to represent cells with semipermeable membranes. The eggs were first soaked in vinegar to dissolve the shell. The eggs were then transferred to corn syrup for 24 hours and then to distilled water for 24 hours. The mass of each egg was measured before and after each soaking to determine how much water diffused into or out of the eggs. The table below shows the average mass of the eggs at each step of the investigation.
Based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about cells with semipermeable membranes?
Based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about cells with semipermeable membranes?
a)
Substances other than water may also cross the cell membrane.
b)
Substances other than water may block pores in the cell membrane.
c)
Water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water concentration.
d)
Water leaves the cell when placed in environments with a low concentration of solutes.
59.
Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Which of the following describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who does not have hemophilia and a woman who is a heterozygous carrier?
a)
There is a 25% chance that their sons will have hemophilia.
b)
There is a 100% chance that their sons will have hemophilia.
c)
There is a 0% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.
d)
There is a 50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.
60.
A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in the desert. The energy pyramid shown below depicts the feeding patterns the ecologists observed. Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?
a)
There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.
b)
There is more energy available in the second trophic level because less energy is needed for hunting compared to the higher trophic levels.
c)
There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.
d)
There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
61.
The synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template is called ____________.
a)
transcription
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
synthesis
62.
The synthesis of an RNA strand from a DNA template is called __________.
a)
transcription
b)
replication
c)
translation
d)
synthesis
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