WorksheetsGenetics and Heredity
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
2.
AA and Aa always show up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
3.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
4.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
5.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
6.
Which of the characteristics is a lion least likely to pass on to its offspring?
a)
fur color
b)
length of tail
c)
scars on leg
d)
body size
7.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both
8.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
9.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
10.
B = brown eyes
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
11.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
12.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
13.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender
d)
all of the above
14.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
15.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
16.
B = brown fur b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
17.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
18.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
19.
What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
20.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
21.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
22.
What is the probability of a purple-horned unicorn if a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn is crossed with a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
23.
What phenotype would result from crossing a homozygous dominant purple-flowered pea plant with a homozygous recessive white-flowered pea plant?
a)
Pp
b)
Purple
c)
White
d)
PP and pp
24.
A white cat had a litter of kittens that were orange, grey, and black and white spotted. Is this the result of sexual or asexual reproduction? And how would you characterize the offspring listed above?
a)
Sexual reproduction with uniform offspring
b)
Asexual reproduction with diverse offspring
c)
Sexual reproduction with diverse offspring
d)
Asexual reproduction with uniform offspring
25.
Requires two parents
a)
sexual
b)
asexual
26.
Requires only one parent
a)
sexual
b)
asexual
27.
The offspring from asexually reproduced organisms are?
a)
Different than their parents
b)
Identical to parents
c)
Like a combination from both parents
d)
A different species
28.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
29.
All of the offspring of an organism have the same genetic material, which is identical to the parent organism. From this, we can conclude that this organism -
a)
makes its own food
b)
is unicellular
c)
live in a marine habitat
d)
reproduces asexually
30.
What part of our cells holds our DNA?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosomes
31.
Which process is considered to be faster?
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual
32.
How are genetic traits passed down from generation to generation?
a)
Chromosomes
b)
Reproduction
c)
DNA
d)
Genes
33.
The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring
a)
Heredity
b)
Chromosome
c)
Genes
d)
Chemistry
34.
more genetic diversity among offspring.
a)
sexual
b)
asexual
35.
GMO stands for
a)
Genetically modified organism
b)
Genetically made organism
c)
Generally made organ
d)
Generically moderated organism
36.
GMOs can be
a)
plants only
b)
animals only
c)
plant, animal, and bacteria
d)
plant and animal only
37.
The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation.
a)
Gene Therapy
b)
Genome
c)
Selective Breeding
d)
Pedigree
38.
A gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome
a)
Sex-linked Genes
b)
Sex Chromosomes
c)
Genome
d)
Genie
39.
A pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether a person is male or female...
a)
Sex-Linked Genes
b)
Sex Chromosomes
c)
Pairsies
d)
Pedigree
40.
A person who has one dominant and one recessive allele for a trait, but does not have the trait.
a)
Clone
b)
Carrier
c)
Diseased
d)
Karyotype
41.
Which gender is TYPICALLY affected by sex-linked disorders?
a)
Men
b)
Women
42.
Some genetic disorders are caused by what?
a)
alleles
b)
Mutations in the DNA of genes
c)
Phenotype
d)
Genotype
43.
A scientist cloned a goat. Which of these is a true statement about the cloned goat?
a)
It has new genes and traits
b)
It lacks the genes for reproduction
c)
It has the genes that are identical to the original goat
d)
It looks the same but has different genes.
44.
The dominant trait is
a)
yellow pea seeds
b)
green pea seeds
c)
there is no dominant seed
d)
Jolly green giant
45.
This type of inheritance pattern is a BLEND of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
46.
A ________________________ is a tool used to predict the possible genotype from certain parents
a)
Mendel Grid
b)
Genetic Tic Tac Toe
c)
Punnett Square
d)
Pedigree Plot
47.
A single piece of coiled DNA found in the cells; contains genes that encode traits.
a)
gene
b)
chromosome
c)
trait
d)
DNA
48.
Two heterozygous parents produce offspring. What is the probability of the HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT GENOTYPE appearing in the offspring generation?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
49.
Freckles (F) are dominant over nonfreckles. What is the phenotype of individual #3
a)
Ff
b)
ff
c)
freckles
d)
nonfreckles
50.
Jackie is homozygous recessive for having dimples (D). What is her genotype?
a)
pp
b)
Dd
c)
dd
d)
DD
51.
What is genetic engineering?
a)
Manipulation/addition of genes
b)
Naturally breeding two animals with desired traits
c)
Cross-pollinating two crops
d)
Harvesting stem cells
52.
Which of the following is NOT an argument in favor of GMOs?
a)
Reduction in biodiversity
b)
Disease resistant crops
c)
Food with extra nutrients
d)
Controlled production of insulin
53.
True or false: Identical twins are genetic clones
a)
True
b)
False
54.
Who was the first adult mammal successfully cloned?
a)
Dolly the Sheep
b)
Copy Cat the Cat
c)
Donald Trump the Donald
d)
Agouti Gout the Mouse
55.
A change in the genetic code = ____
a)
trait
b)
genotype
c)
phenotype
d)
mutation
56.
Purebred is another word for __________, while hybrid is another word for __________.
a)
dominant; recessive
b)
recessive; dominant
c)
homozygous; heterozygous
d)
heterozygous; homozygous
57.
The type of inheritance shown when a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant and only pink flowers are produced is _____.
a)
inbreeding
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
multiple alleles
58.
Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is
a)
dominant and located on the X chromosome.
b)
recessive and located on the Y chromosome.
c)
recessive and located on the X chromosome.
d)
recessive and located on the Y chromosome.
59.
The way that crimes are solved today was affected by which of the following technologies?
a)
gene therapy
b)
DNA fingerprinting
c)
genetic testing
d)
Genetic modification
60.
Why is DNA fingerprinting used?
a)
To determine who is the child's father
b)
Link suspects to a crime scene
c)
determine if a family relationship exist between two people
d)
all of the above
61.
Which technique would most likely be used by forensic scientists?
a)
Gene Cloning
b)
Gene Therapy
c)
DNA Fingerprinting
d)
Karyotyping
62.
For many disorders, genetic counselors are able to go beyond providing estimates of a disorder's likelihood by using ________ to determine whether a particular fetus has a chromosomal abnormality or genetic defect.
a)
parental genetic screening
b)
reproductive screening tests
c)
genomic screening
d)
prenatal screening tests
63.
The method of sampling the fluid around the developing fetus by inserting a syringe into the mother's abdominal wall is called
a)
chorionic villus sampling.
b)
the alpha fetoprotein test.
c)
amniocentesis.
d)
ultrasonographic fluid monitoring.
64.
What are personal characteristics called that have been passed on to offspring from parents, such as dimples or eye color?
a)
recessive traits
b)
genetics
c)
inherited traits
d)
gene
65.
Which characteristic is NOT inherited?
a)
Hairline (straight or widow's peak)
b)
Spoken language (English, Spanish, etc...)
c)
Earlobes (attached or detached)
d)
Hair type (straight or curly)
66.
Inherited traits can include cleft chin, freckles and color blindness.
a)
True
b)
False
67.
A mother dog and her puppy both have curly fur. Which best explains this?
a)
in dogs, curly fur is more common than straight fur
b)
in dogs, curly fur is an acquired trait
c)
the mother dog acquired curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
d)
the mother dog inherited curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
68.
Which of these traits can a tree NOT pass to its offspring
a)
the shape of its leaves
b)
roots that grow toward the water
c)
a trunk scared by lightning
d)
the kind of seed it forms
69.
What characteristic is inherited by only some members of its species?
a)
gills on a fish
b)
wings on a bird
c)
spots on a horse
d)
trunk on an elephant
70.
A young couple is having a baby. Which best describes an inherited trait the baby may have?
a)
The baby will live in the same
house as its parents.
b)
The baby will grow up to love pizza
like its mother.
c)
The baby may have the same eye
color as its father.
d)
The baby may grow to have a fear of heights like
its parents.
71.
A genetic disorder is an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes?
a)
True
b)
False
72.
Other disorders are caused by changes in the overall structure or number of what?
a)
Alleles
b)
Genes
c)
Chromosomes
73.
Which of the following is the sex chromosome combination of a girl?
a)
xx
b)
xy
c)
x
d)
xyy
74.
Which of the following is not x linked?
a)
hemophilia
b)
color blindness
c)
down syndrome
75.
Where does an off spring get its traits in asexual reproduction?
a)
From both parents
b)
From only one parent
c)
From neither parent
d)
There are no traits handed down
76.
When a starfish grows a new body off a broken arm, what kind of reproduction is this?
a)
Sexual
b)
Differentiation
c)
Asexual
d)
Specialization
77.
If a tall pea plant Tt is crossed with another tall pea plant Tt (Tt x Tt) describe the traits of the offspring
a)
100% tall
b)
100% short
c)
75% tall, 25% short
d)
50% tall, 50% short
78.
A baby is born with the following Genotype: FF What are the possible genotypes of its parents
a)
FFxff
b)
Ffxff
c)
FFxFf
79.
What type of reproduction gives rise to the most genetic diversity
a)
Asexual reproduction
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Cloning
d)
Fragmentation
80.
Genetic engineering has been used to produce
a)
medicines.
b)
food animals.
c)
improved crops.
d)
all of these.
81.
Which produces offspring from a single cell of an adult?
a)
inbreeding.
b)
mutations.
c)
hybridization.
d)
cloning.
82.
Any change or mistake in DNA replication can cause a ________
a)
cancer cell
b)
virus
c)
disease
d)
mutation
83.
The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called
a)
selective breeding
b)
genetic engineering
c)
inbreeding
d)
hybridization
84.
What percent of corn is genetically engineered in the United States?
a)
10%
b)
34%
c)
88%
d)
100%
85.
What does it mean to "extract" DNA?
a)
take out
b)
put in
c)
modify
d)
delete
86.
It is legal to sell a cloned animal in the United States.
a)
True
b)
False
87.
Cotton designed to resist pests and pesticides.
a)
Genetic engineering
b)
Cloning
88.
Sugar beets modified to grow faster and to be more resistant to weeds.
a)
Genetic engineering
b)
Cloning
89.
Pets to be like the original one.
a)
Genetic engineering
b)
Cloning
90.
One feature of clones is that
a)
They show variation
b)
They are genetically identical
c)
They contain DNA from two parents
d)
They contain many mutations
91.
Plants are easily cloned by taking a ______ and planting it in soil.
a)
cutting
b)
egg cell
c)
seed
d)
flower
92.
Sex cells are also called this.
a)
Genes
b)
Gametes
c)
Alleles
d)
Chromosomes
93.
Which of the following are in the correct order of size (large to small)?
a)
Cell-Nucleus-Gene-Chromosome
b)
Cell-Chromosome-Nucleus-Gene
c)
Cell-Nucleus-Chromosome-Gene
d)
Gene-Nucleus-Chromosome-Gene
94.
Which of the following are true of asexual reproduction?
a)
Produces clones
b)
Requires one parent only
c)
Used by bacteria
d)
All of the above
95.
Which of the following are benefits of cloning?
a)
Can be used to increase numbers of animals with a desired characteristic.
b)
Could be used to save animals from extinction.
c)
Development of cloned animals that have been genetically modified to produce valuable proteins in milk.
d)
All of the above
96.
How many chromosomes will be in the nucleus of a human body cell?
a)
23 single chromosomes
b)
23 pairs of chromosomes
c)
46 pairs of chromosomes
d)
None of the above
97.
What are small stretches of DNA that code for traits
a)
Nucleus
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Gene
d)
Centromeres
98.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
b)
Deoxyribose Enzymes
c)
Deoxyribose Messenger
d)
Retro deoxyribose Acis
99.
Two traits are blended or create a "new" trait
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
100.
A red eye dragon mates with a yellow eye dragon. Their offspring has yellow eyes.
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
100 %
