WorksheetsScience Olympiad Digestive System
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 27mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which gastrointestinal layer is characterized by having tough, fibrous connective tissue?
a)
mucosa
b)
submucosa
c)
muscle
d)
serosa
2.
Which intestinal layer accounts for the action of the peristaltic waves?
a)
serosa
b)
muscularis
c)
submucosa
d)
mucous
3.
The alimentary tube is around _____ meters long.
a)
2
b)
4
c)
6
d)
9
4.
The _____ nervous system division usually stimulates and promotes digestion.
a)
somatic
b)
sympathetic
c)
central
d)
parasympathetic
5.
The processes of chewing are referred to as _____.
a)
churning
b)
deglutition
c)
mastication
d)
peristalsis
6.
The frenulum is the membrane attached to the inferior surface of the _____.
a)
tongue
b)
stomach
c)
lips
d)
liver
7.
The following are true of the tongue except which one?
a)
contains skeletal muscle
b)
attaches to hyoid bone
c)
attaches to temporal bone
d)
contains papillae
8.
The following areas contain tonsils except which one?
a)
around the frenulum
b)
oral pharynx
c)
nasal pharynx
d)
root of tongue
9.
Which lymphatic areas are most commonly the site of inflammation?
a)
peyer's patches
b)
palatine tonsils
c)
lingual tonsils
d)
adenoids
10.
How many teeth will be produced in an average lifetime?
a)
20
b)
32
c)
30
d)
52
11.
The term wisdom tooth refers to the _____ tooth.
a)
incisor
b)
third molar
c)
second bicuspid
d)
first cuspid
12.
The portion of a tooth which lies within the mandible socket is called the _____.
a)
dentin
b)
crown
c)
root
d)
cementum
13.
Which part of a tooth most closely resembles bone tissue?
a)
enamel
b)
cementum
c)
dentin
d)
gingiva
14.
Which muscles constrict to prevent air from entering the esophagus during breathing?
a)
superior constrictor
b)
middle constrictor
c)
inferior constrictor
d)
esophageal
15.
A hiatal hernia is a weakness in the _____ muscle, which allows a portion of the digestive tract to enter the thoracic cavity.
a)
diaphragm
b)
stomach
c)
intestinal
d)
thoracic wall
16.
The _____ part of the stomach is the area the is connected to the esophagus.
a)
cardiac
b)
pyloric
c)
fundus
d)
body
17.
The _____ prevents food from entering the small intestine.
a)
cardiac sphincter
b)
pyloric valve
c)
ileo-colic valve
d)
sphincter of Oddi
18.
Gastric enzymes are secreted by the _____ cells.
a)
chief
b)
goblet
c)
parietal
d)
oxynctic
19.
Proteins are digested or broken down by the _____ in the stomach.
a)
pepsinogen
b)
pepsin
c)
hydrochloric acid
d)
lipase
20.
Parasympathetic stomach impulses cause all of the following except which one?
a)
secretion of somatostatin
b)
inhibition of somatostatin
c)
secretion of gastrin
d)
promotes histamine
21.
Gastrin secretion will stop when the stomach pH reaches _____.
a)
7.0
b)
4.5
c)
1.5
d)
3.0
22.
The alkaline tide occurs when _____ is excreted into the urine.
a)
HCl
b)
H+
c)
bicarbonate ions
d)
phosphate ions
23.
What is the stimulus for cholecystokinin release?
a)
chyme
b)
lipids
c)
protein
d)
gastrin
24.
What blocks pancreatic secretions from entering the duodenum?
a)
pyloric valve
b)
sphincter of Oddi
c)
the common bile duct
d)
cholecystokinin secretion
25.
Which of the following triggers the formation of the others?
a)
trypsin
b)
enterokinase
c)
carboxypeptidase
d)
chymotrypsin
26.
Proteins are split by all of the following pancreatic factors except which one?
a)
zymogen
b)
chymotrypsin
c)
trypsin
d)
carboxypeptidase
27.
Pancreatitis is mainly the result of _____ activity.
a)
bile
b)
bacterial
c)
carboxypeptidase
d)
trypsin
28.
Which of the following are not active in the duodenum?
a)
nuclease
b)
enterokinase
c)
pepsin
d)
amylase
29.
Secretin from the duodenum causes the pancreas to produce secretions rich in _____.
a)
proteolytic enzymes
b)
amylase
c)
lipase
d)
bicarbonate
30.
Which of these is a hormone name?
a)
trypsin
b)
ribonuclease
c)
cholecystokinin
d)
chymotrypsinogen
31.
The hormone which causes the pancreas to secrete an enzyme rich fluid is _____.
a)
cholecystokinin
b)
secretin
c)
enterogastrone
d)
enterocrinin
32.
Which organ has the most metabolically active cells?
a)
pancreas
b)
liver
c)
stomach
d)
small intestine
33.
Urea is synthesized by the liver following _____ metabolism.
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
lipid
d)
nucleic acid
34.
Ferritin is a globular protein that transports and stores ______ in the liver and blood.
a)
glycogen
b)
lipids
c)
vitamin B12
d)
iron
35.
Which of the following vitamins is not stored in the liver?
a)
C
b)
D
c)
B12
d)
A
36.
The liver stores ______ for energy.
a)
nucleic acid
b)
glycogen
c)
glucose
d)
vitamins
37.
Which of the following is not a function of the adult liver?
a)
glycogen storagw
b)
detoxification
c)
synthesis of clotting proteins
d)
erythropoiesis
38.
The liver contains special blood channels termed _____.
a)
sinusoids
b)
central vein
c)
hepatic cells
d)
portal veins
39.
The falciform ligament separates the right from _____ lobe.
a)
quadrate
b)
left
c)
caudate
d)
pancreatic
40.
Which organ produces and secretes bile?
a)
liver
b)
gallbladder
c)
pancreas
d)
duodenum
41.
The Kupffer cells are phagocytic cells found in the _____.
a)
gallbladder
b)
panceras
c)
intestine
d)
liver
42.
The buildup of bile pigment in tissues that can be caused by gallstones is _____.
a)
hyperbilirubinemia
b)
obstructive jaundice
c)
hepatitis
d)
heptocellular jaundice
43.
Which of the following are liver waste products?
a)
bilirubin
b)
bile salts
c)
cholesterol
d)
electrolytes
44.
The _____ duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder.
a)
cystic
b)
common bile
c)
hepatic
d)
common hepatic
45.
The common bile duct is formed by the merger of the hepatic and _____ ducts.
a)
common hepatic
b)
cystic
c)
pancreatic
d)
Santorini
46.
The ampulla of Vater is the area that joins the common bile duct to the _____ duct.
a)
hepatic
b)
pancreatic
c)
cystic
d)
common hepatic
47.
Gallbladder stones are medically referred to as a _____ condition.
a)
cholecystitis
b)
cholecystectomy
c)
cholelithiasis
d)
cholesterol calculi
48.
Bile facilitates digestion by causing the _____ of fats.
a)
hydrolysis
b)
digestion
c)
catalysis
d)
emulsification
49.
Bile salts combine with fatty acids to form complexes called _____ that facilitate absorption.
a)
chylomicrons
b)
micelles
c)
globules
d)
lipoproteins
50.
Which of these is a water soluble vitamin?
a)
D
b)
C
c)
E
d)
K
51.
Which of the following acts to inhibit acid production?
a)
secretin
b)
somatostatin
c)
cholecystokinin
d)
gastrin
52.
Which area has the greatest amount of enzyme activity?
a)
duodenum
b)
colon
c)
jejunum
d)
ileum
53.
The shortest section of the intestines is the _____.
a)
colon
b)
duodenum
c)
ileum
d)
jejunum
54.
The membrane that hangs like an apron over the intestines is the _____.
a)
mesentery
b)
visceral peritoneum
c)
parietal peritoneum
d)
greater omentum
55.
The finger-like extensions inside the small intestine are called _____ and increase the surface area.
a)
microvilli
b)
villi
c)
lacteals
d)
lumens
56.
The _____ are vessels that project into the villi and absorb fatty substances.
a)
lacteals
b)
lymphatics
c)
veins
d)
arteries
57.
The following belong together except which one?
a)
small intestine
b)
large intestine
c)
plicae circulares
d)
crypts of Lieberkuhn
58.
Which of these does not belong with the others?
a)
lipase
b)
sucrase
c)
maltase
d)
lactase
59.
Which is the only area that can digest a double sugar?
a)
jejunum
b)
stomach
c)
duodenum
d)
pancreas
60.
Amylase could be found in all of these areas except which one?
a)
mouth
b)
stomach
c)
duodenum
d)
pancreas
61.
Most of the absorption of nutrients occurs in the _____.
a)
small intestine
b)
duodenum
c)
jejunum
d)
ileum
62.
Fatty acids and glycerol are released when _____ are broken down by liver or muscle cells.
a)
micelles
b)
chylomicrons
c)
lacteals
d)
lipoproteins
63.
Which of the following is not readily absorbed in the small intestine?
a)
Na+
b)
Cl-
c)
K+
d)
Mg++
64.
The ileocecal valve prevents chyme from entering the _____.
a)
large intestine
b)
small intestine
c)
stomach
d)
duodenum
65.
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
a)
constipation
b)
diarrhea
c)
cramps
d)
flatus
66.
Accessory digestive organs include
a)
pharynx
b)
gallbladder
c)
esophagus
d)
large intestine
67.
Nervous control of the GI tract would be impaired by damage to the
a)
mucosa
b)
muscularis
c)
submucosa
d)
serosa
68.
Digestive enzymes are not secreted into
a)
esophagus
b)
mouth
c)
small intestine
d)
stomach
69.
Pepsin would be missing from the stomach contents of a person lacking
a)
chief cells
b)
enterochromaffin-like cells.
c)
goblet cells
d)
parietal cells
70.
Damage to the fundus would have the greatest effect on
a)
mucus secretion
b)
pepsinogen secretion
c)
gastrin secretion
d)
histamine secretion
71.
The chyme entering the small intestine
a)
is very basic
b)
is buffered by pancreatic bicarbonate secretion.
c)
has not undergone any digestive processes.
d)
passes through the cardiac sphincter
72.
Damage to which of the following would affect fat but not protein or carbohydrate absorption?
a)
the microvilli
b)
brunner's glands
c)
lacteals
d)
goblet cells
73.
Diarrhea may occur as a result of
a)
decreased Na+ reabsorption by the large intestine
b)
decreased osmolarity of chyme entering the large intestine.
c)
damage to the intestinal mucosa due to bacterial enterotoxins.
d)
active transport of sodium chloride due to gluten consumption.
74.
Bile
a)
is synthesized by the gall bladder.
b)
is stored in hepatic sinusoids
c)
is soley comprised of bile salts
d)
is required for maximal fat digestion and absorption.
75.
The liver is responsible for secretion of all of the following except
a)
ampicillin
b)
conjugated steroids
c)
penicillin
d)
streptomyocin
76.
The pancreas
a)
is resistent to proteolytic digestion because of pacnreatic trypsin inhibitor
b)
secretes bicarbonate to buffer the chyme.
c)
secretes enzymes required for digestion of all macromolecules.
d)
all of the above
77.
Inhibiting the secretion of cholecystokinin would
a)
stimulate gastric motility
b)
stimulate gallbladder contraction
c)
stimulate pacnratic enzymeme secretion
d)
Stimulate HCl secretion by parietal cells
78.
Gastric acid secretion during the intestinal phase
a)
is stimulated by vagal stimulation
b)
is inhibited by fat in the chyme
c)
is stimulated by gastrin secretion
d)
is stimulated by amino acids in the stomach
79.
Cholesterol removal and degradation is the primary function of the
a)
chylomicrons
b)
high-density lipoproteins
c)
low-density lipoproteins
d)
very-low-density lipoproteins
80.
Which of the following enzymes is not bound to epithelial membranes of the small intestine?
a)
sucrase
b)
aminopeptidase
c)
carboxypeptidase
d)
maltase
100 %
