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DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Ribosomes make what?
a)
Cholesterol
b)
Proteins
c)
New Cells
d)
DNA/RNA
2.
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in human cells?
a)
72
b)
46
c)
23
d)
14
3.
What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?
a)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Glycerol
b)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Glucose
c)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine
d)
Adenine, Thymine, Cytoplasm, and Guanine
4.
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a:
a)
Mutation
b)
Gene
c)
Enzyme
d)
Complementary
5.
The process of making mRNA from DNA is called what?
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Protein Synthesis
d)
Transcription
6.
What is the term for a three nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid? For example: GCA
a)
Amine Group
b)
Phosphate Group
c)
Codon
d)
Nitrogenous Base
7.
When DNA is replicated, a new DNA molecule is produced which includes one old DNA strand and one new DNA strand. What is this called?
a)
DNA Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Semiconservative Replication
8.

Which nitrogenous base is not found in RNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

e)

Uracil

9.
Mistakes during replication will result in what?
a)
Semiconservative Replication
b)
Mutation
c)
Translation
d)
Transcription
10.
If a mutation occurs, what could happen to the protein?
a)
Not enough will be made
b)
It won't function properly
c)
A possible shape change (folding error)
d)
All of these
11.
Where does transcription occur?
a)
In the Cytoplasm
b)
In a Ribosome
c)
In the Nucleus
d)
None of these
12.
What is the function of proteins?
a)
Carry and share important genetic information
b)
Do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs
c)
Contribute to the form and structure of the cell membrane
d)
Fuel and building materials both within and outside of the cell
13.
What is an enzyme?
a)
A lipid
b)
The amount of energy used in a reaction
c)
A special protein used to speed up a chemical reaction
d)
Pacman
14.
What is the end result of mitosis?
a)
Three identical daughter cells
b)
Four identical daughter cells
c)
Two identical daughter cells
d)
Three different daughter cells
15.
Which organelle in our cells holds the DNA?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Nucleus
16.

Which of the following monomer units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA or RNA?

a)

Amino acids

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Polysaccharides

17.
In which organelle does translation take place?
a)
RNA
b)
Chromosome
c)
Ribosome
d)
Nucleus
18.
Which combination shows the complimentary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
C-G, U-A
c)
A-G, C-T
d)
T-A, G-C
19.
Which combination shows the complimentary base pairing for RNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
C-G, U-A
c)
A-G, C-T
d)
T-A, G-C
20.

The DNA sequence TAG GCA has the complimentary DNA strand…

a)

GCA TCC

b)

ATC CGT

c)

ATG CTT

d)

ATC AGT

21.
What does translation do?
a)
Converts mRNA into a protein
b)
Replicates the genetic information in DNA
c)
Recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
d)
Makes RNA from DNA molecules
22.

What does the mRNA do for the process of protein synthesis?

a)

Carries amino acids to ribosomes

b)

Carries information from genes to ribosomes

c)

Helps with RNA splicing

d)

Make up ribosomes

23.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) has the important job of carrying:
a)
Glucose to mitochondria
b)
Ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Amino acids to the ribosome
d)
mRNA out of the nucleus
24.
What will be the complimentary mRNA sequence to this given DNA sequence? TAG CCA GCT
a)
AUC GGU CGA
b)
ATC GGT CGA
c)
UTC GGT CGA
d)
UUU UUU UUU
25.
Which codon begins every single amino acid?
a)
UGA
b)
AUG
c)
UAG
d)
AGU
26.
Which of these is not a part of DNA?
a)
Nitrogenous bases
b)
Phosphate
c)
Helicase
d)
Sugar
27.
What determines the protein that is made?
a)
Number of mitochondria in the cell
b)
Sequence of sugars and phosphates in the cell
c)
Sequence of nucleotides in the DNA
d)
Types of ribosomes in the cell
28.
Which of the following is not a stop codon?
a)
UAA
b)
UAG
c)
AUG
d)
UGA
29.
Which amino acid starts every protein?
a)
Threonine
b)
Methionine
c)
Proline
d)
Serine
30.
Every codon codes for a single amino acid
a)
True
b)
False
31.
Amino acids have only one codon.
a)
True
b)
False
32.
Which sequence of noncoding RNA is cut out of the mRNA sequence?
a)
Exons
b)
Metrons
c)
Introns
d)
Sintrons
33.
Which sequence of coding RNA is spliced together in the mRNA sequence?
a)
Exons
b)
Metrons
c)
Introns
d)
Sintrons
34.
Which of the following is not a form of RNA?
a)
rRNA
b)
cRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
tRNA
35.

What is the following amino acid sequence that goes with the given DNA sequence? TAC GGC ATG

Hint: (DNA --> RNA --> Protein)

a)

Methionine - Tyrosine - Proline

b)

Methionine - Proline - Tyrosine

c)

Proline - Proline - Tyrosine

d)

Isoleucine - Proline - Tyrosine

36.

What is the following amino acid sequence that goes with the given DNA sequence? CGA GCG TAG

Hint: (DNA --> RNA --> Protein)

a)

Alanine - Arginine - Methionine

b)

Arginine - Alanine - Isoleucine

c)

Alanine - Arginine - Isoleucine

d)

Methionine - Alanine - Arginine

37.
What nitrogenous base replaces thymine in RNA?
a)
Uranium
b)
Uracil
c)
Uracilase
d)
Urail
38.

What are the four nitrogenous bases of RNA?

a)

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Glycerol

b)

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil

c)

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine

d)

Adenine, Thymine, Cytoplasm, and Guanine

39.

Which nitrogenous base is not found in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

e)

Uracil

40.

Which of the following monomer units are repeatedly joined together to form a Protein?

a)

Amino acids

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Polysaccharides

41.

During what major phase of the cell cycle does DNA get replicated?

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Interphase

42.

What type of RNA is associated with ribosomes?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

cRNA

43.

When DNA replication occurs, there is a leading strand and a lagging strand. The lagging strand is being read "backwards" and has to be put together in segments. What are those segments?

a)

Okazaki Fragments

b)

Okazi Fragments

c)

Okanani Fragments

d)

Okinawa Fragments

44.

We learned that the complimentary base pairs attached to each other specifically due to what bonds. A-T has two and C-G has three of these bonds.

a)

Ionic Bonds

b)

Hydrogen Bonds

c)

Covalent Bonds

d)

Polar Covalent Bonds

45.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells have their DNA (genetic material) in different locations. Where is the genetic martial of Eukaryotic cells?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Ribosomes

46.

What is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein?

a)

Enzyme

b)

Protein

c)

Gene

d)

Mutation

47.

Which sections of the gene are non-coding and have to be removed before a protein can be made?

a)

Introns

b)

Exons

c)

Exits

d)

Interruptions

48.

Which sections of the gene are coding and have to be spliced back together before a protein can be made?

a)

Introns

b)

Exons

c)

Exits

d)

Interruptions

49.

During the discovery of genetic material, which set of experiments used the tracking of radioactive sulfur in proteins and radioactive phosphorous in DNA to determine that DNA is what carried the genetic material?

a)

Griffith Experiments

b)

Hershey-Chase Experiments

c)

Avery Experiments

d)

Chargaff Experiments

50.

During the discovery of genetic material, which set of experiments used the transformation of bacteria from a non-deadly strain to a deadly strain to show that some portion of the organism contained genetic material?

a)

Griffith Experiments

b)

Hershey-Chase Experiments

c)

Avery Experiments

d)

Chargaff Experiments

51.

During the discovery of genetic material, which set of experiments broke deadly S-strain cells into their individual pieces (macromolecules) and then exposed them to the R-strain transforming the bacteria that was exposed to DNA?

a)

Griffith Experiments

b)

Hershey-Chase Experiments

c)

Avery Experiments

d)

Chargaff Experiments

52.

Using the codon chart, what is the amino acid sequence that would be made from the provided DNA strand? AGG CGA ATG

a)

Ser-Ala-Tyr

b)

Arg-Arg-Met

c)

Ser-Ala-Stop

d)

Arg-Arg-Stop

53.

Using the codon chart, what is the amino acid sequence that would be made from the provided DNA strand? TCG GGA TCC

a)

Ser-Pro-Arg

b)

Arg-Pro-Arg

c)

Ser-Pro-Stop

d)

Ser-Pro-Gln

54.

Using the codon chart, what is the amino acid sequence that would be made from the provided DNA strand? CCC GAT CAC

a)

Gly-Leu-Val

b)

Gly-Leu-Ala

c)

Asp-Leu-Val

d)

Asp-Met-Val

55.

Using the codon chart, what is the amino acid sequence that would be made from the provided DNA strand? CGC GAA AAA

a)

Ala-Leu-Phe

b)

Arg-Glu-Lys

c)

Ala-Leu-Leu

d)

Ala-Glu-Phe

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