Font size
S
M
L
XL
WorksheetsGeologic Time review Chapter 4
Total questions: 81
Worksheet time: 2hrs 56mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which fossil is a replica of the original shape of the organism?
a)
cast
b)
mold
c)
trace
d)
preserved remains
2.
Which fossil is an impression left by the original organism?
a)
cast
b)
mold
c)
trace
d)
preserved remains
3.
Relative dating of rock layers tells us that the deeper we dig, _______.
a)
the younger the rocks get
b)
the smellier the rocks get
c)
the harder the rocks get
d)
the older the rocks get
4.
The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?
a)
old geologists
b)
sweet geology music
c)
the known history of rocks and fossils
d)
a list of every living thing ever
5.
How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?
a)
2015 years old
b)
3.6 billion years old
c)
4.6 billion years old
d)
4.6 million years old
6.
Why is the fossil record incomplete?
a)
fossils get eroded away over time
b)
most organisms never became fossils
c)
scavengers and decomposers eat them too quickly
d)
all of the above
7.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
8.
Paleozoic, Mesozoic & Cenozoic are all
a)
Epochs
b)
Eras
c)
Periods
d)
Eons
9.
Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?
a)
Mesozoic
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Cenozoic
d)
Precambrian
10.
Fossils in which minerals replace all, or a part, of an organism is what kind of fossil?
a)
Petrified Fossil
b)
Preserved
c)
Fault
d)
Intrusion
11.
Footprints, nests, burrows and fossilized poop are examples of what kind of fossils?
a)
Trace Fossils
b)
preserved remains
c)
Erosion
d)
sedimentary rock
12.
Identify the Era in which each of the events occurred:
Jurassic period
Jurassic period
a)
Mesozoic
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Cenozoic
d)
Precambrian
13.
Identify the Era:
called the "Age of Mammals"
called the "Age of Mammals"
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
14.
Identify the Era:
that was the longest of all eras
that was the longest of all eras
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
15.
Identify the Era:
where dinosaurs thrived
where dinosaurs thrived
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
16.
Identify the Era:
This era contains the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods
This era contains the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous Periods
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
17.
Identify the Era:
First forms of life appeared in this era.
First forms of life appeared in this era.
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
18.
What is a fossil?
a)
any dead organism
b)
the preserved remains or traces of an organism
c)
a perfect copy of a rock
d)
an unusual type of rock
19.
How do most fossils form?
a)
Living things die and their remains are covered by sediment
b)
The hard parts of an organism dry out in the air
c)
The soft parts of an organism change to stone
d)
Freezing preserves the remains of an organism
20.
Which of the following correctly lists the layers of rock in order from youngest to oldest?
a)
A, B, C, D, E
b)
B, C, D, E, A
c)
E, D, A, B, C
d)
C, B, A, D, E
21.
Which layer is the oldest and youngest?
a)
C and B
b)
C and E
c)
D and E
d)
A and B
22.
Which era is the longest?
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Cambrian
c)
Precambrian
d)
Phanerozoic
23.
Which layer is a result of an igneous intrusion?
a)
B
b)
C
c)
D
d)
E
24.
The geologic time scale is a record of....
a)
the history of fossils only
b)
the history of rocks
c)
the history of rock layers and fossils
d)
geologist notes
25.
What is a fossil?
a)
Foot prints, burrows, or other impressions made by animals that give use clues to how they lived.
b)
When things die and their remains are buried.
c)
The preserved remains of an organism.
d)
The age determined by the things around it.
26.
What are trace fossils?
a)
Foot prints, burrows, or other impressions made by animals that give use clues to how they lived.
b)
When things die and their remains are buried.
c)
The preserved remains of an organism.
d)
The age determined by the things around it.
27.
How do fossils form?
a)
Foot prints, burrows, or other impressions made by animals that give use clues to how they lived.
b)
When things die and their remains are buried.
c)
The preserved remains of an organism.
d)
The age determined by the things around it.
28.
What is 'half-life'?
a)
The age determined by the things around it.
b)
The age of an igneous rock.
c)
The age determined by radioactive dating.
d)
The time it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive atoms to decay in an element.
29.
What is radio active decay?
a)
The preserved remains of an organism.
b)
Atoms in an unstable element break down to form another element.
c)
When things die and their remains are buried.
d)
The time it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive atoms to decay in an element.
30.
What is the relative age of a rock?
a)
The age determined by the things around it.
b)
The age of an igneous rock.
c)
The age determined by radioactive dating.
d)
The time it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive atoms to decay in an element.
31.
What is the absolute age of a rock?
a)
The age determined by the things around it.
b)
The age of an igneous rock.
c)
The age determined by radioactive dating.
d)
The time it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive atoms to decay in an element.
32.
What does radio active dating works best to determine?
a)
The age determined by the things around it.
b)
The age of an igneous rock.
c)
The age determined by radioactive dating.
d)
The time it takes for 1/2 of the radioactive atoms to decay in an element.
33.
What type of fossil is this?
a)
Mold
b)
Cast
c)
Preserved remains
d)
Trace fossil
34.
What type of fossil is this?
a)
Mold
b)
Cast
c)
Preserved remains
d)
Petrified
35.
Fossils are usually found in
a)
igneous rock
b)
extrusions
c)
intrusions
d)
sedimentary rock
36.
Which of these must happen first for a fossil to form?
a)
a plant or animal is covered by sediment
b)
sediments fill a mold and form a cast
c)
a plant or animal is eaten
d)
sediments are pressed together and harden
37.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
38.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
39.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
40.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
41.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
42.
gaps in rock layers caused by erosion are called
a)
law of superposition
b)
unconformities
c)
uniformitarianism
d)
relative dating
43.
Which type of dating method can be used on rock layers by applying the Law of Superposition?
a)
relative dating
b)
absolute dating
c)
radioactive dating
d)
radiometric dating
44.
The ________ states that layers of sediment were originally deposited horizontally under the action of gravity.
a)
law of superposition
b)
law of horizontality
c)
uniformitarianism
d)
unconformities
45.
states that the geologic feature which cuts another is the younger of the two features
a)
law of horizontality
b)
cross cutting relationships
c)
law of superposition
d)
uniformitarianism
46.
What 2 things make a good index fossil?
a)
Good looks and a great smile
b)
widespread and on Earth of a short time
c)
widespread and on Earth for a long time
d)
only found in Clinton Twp and in every rock layer
47.
Which of the following is the oldest?
a)
Layer L
b)
Intrusion D
c)
Intrusion H
d)
Layer E
48.
How many of the original atoms of a decaying isotope remain unchanged after three half-lives?
a)
three-halves
b)
three-quarters
c)
one-quarter
d)
one-eighth
49.
Scientists use radioactive decay to measure...
a)
relative time
b)
absolute time
c)
half-lives
d)
time of day
50.
This type of fossil forms when sediments bury an organism and then sediments change into rock; the organism decays leaving a cavity in the shape of the organism.
a)
mold
b)
cast
c)
petrified
d)
trace
51.
This type of fossil forms when a mold is filled with sand or mud that hardens into the shape of the organism.
a)
mold
b)
cast
c)
trace
d)
preserved
52.
This type of fossil forms when minerals soak into the buried remains, replacing the remains, and changing them into rock.
a)
mold
b)
cast
c)
petrified
d)
preserved
53.
This type of fossil forms when organisms or parts, like leaves, stems, flowers, fish, are pressed between layers of soft mud or clay that hardens squeezing almost all the decaying organism away leaving the carbon imprint in the rock.
a)
trace
b)
preserved or original remains
c)
carbonized or carbon film
d)
permineralized or petrified
54.
This type of fossil forms when entire organisms or parts of organisms are prevented from decaying by being trapped in rock, ice, tar, or amber.
a)
trace
b)
preserved or original remains
c)
carbonized or carbon film
d)
index
55.
This type of fossil forms when the mud or sand hardens to stone where a footprint, trail, or burrow of an organism was left behind.
a)
carbonized or carbon film
b)
trace
c)
permineralized or petrified
d)
mold
56.
Shells and skeletons are typically fossilized in this fashion.
a)
mold and cast
b)
trace
c)
carbonized or carbon film
d)
permineralized or petrified
57.
Trees and sometimes marine animals are sometimes fossilized this way
a)
permineralized or petrified
b)
trace
c)
carbonized or carbon film
d)
preserved or original remains
58.
A woolly mammoth or ancient hominid might be found in frozen tundra such as the arctic circle. This type of fossil would be
a)
preserved or original remains
b)
permineralized or petrified
c)
carbonized or carbon film
d)
trace
59.
Remains of animals can be preserved by preventing them from decaying. What substances might help preserve parts or a whole animal
a)
tar, amber, ice
b)
ice, carbonization, trace
c)
rock, amber, ice
d)
tar, carbonization, rock
60.
This type of scientist finds, preserves, and interprets fossils remains.
a)
archeologist
b)
paleontologist
c)
geologist
d)
anthropologist
61.
Hardened tree sap is called
a)
diamonds
b)
amber
c)
tar
d)
syrup
62.
These fossils are distinguishable from other fossils because they were scattered over a large region, very common, and lived during a short span of geologic time
a)
trace
b)
index
c)
permineralized
d)
mold and cast
63.
Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock and not igneous or metamorphic because
a)
fossils form at the surface where plants and animals live.
b)
the processes that create igneous and metamorphic rocks, intense heat and pressure would destroy the fossils.
c)
animals and plants don't live near volcanoes
64.
Which type of fossil can tell you about the BEHAVIOR of ancient organisms? (ex. how they hunted, what kind of home they created, etc.)
a)
mold fossil
b)
cast fossil
c)
trace fossil
d)
preserved or original remains
65.
This is petrified wood - a fossil of a tree where the original materials were replaced by silica minerals. What type of fossil is most likely shown in this picture?
a)
Permineralized or petrified
b)
Cast Fossil
c)
Preserved or original Remains
d)
Carbonized or carbon film
66.
This fossil shows "burrows" made by an ancient worm species. What type of fossil is most likely shown in this picture?
a)
Trace Fossil
b)
Cast Fossil
c)
Mold Fossil
d)
Preserved or original remains
67.
Which animal part would MOST LIKELY form a fossil?
a)
fur
b)
lung
c)
bone
d)
muscle
68.
Which best describes fossils?
a)
They are the preserved remains or evidence of ancient living things
b)
They are the preserved remains or evidence of ancient living and nonliving things
c)
They are the preserved bones of ancient animals
d)
They are impressions of plant leaves in ancient rocks
69.
A geologist hiking through the woods in Ohio finds rocks containing fossils in a stream bank. The fossils look similar to animals currently living in the ocean. Which conclusion should the geologist make based on the discovery of these fossils?
a)
Fossils washed upstream from the ocean
b)
Animals that live in the stream today lived in the ocean long ago.
c)
The area of the woods and stream was an ocean long ago.
d)
The area with the stream will become part of the ocean in the future.
70.
Most fossils are found in __________ rock layers
a)
metamorphic
b)
sedimentary
c)
igneous
71.
The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?
a)
old geologists
b)
sweet geology music
c)
the known history of rocks and fossils
d)
a list of every living thing ever
72.
Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic all belong to:
a)
Epochs
b)
Eras
c)
Periods
d)
Eons
73.
Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary, Quaternary all belong to:
a)
Periods
b)
Eons
c)
Epochs
d)
Eras
74.
______ first appeared on Earth during the Triassic period.
a)
Humans
b)
Dinosaurs
c)
Fish
d)
Modern Mammals
75.
Age of fish was during this era:
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Mesozoic
c)
Paleozoic
76.
Modern mammals was during this era:
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Mesozoic
c)
Paleozoic
77.
Age of reptiles was during this era:
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Mesozoic
c)
Paleozoic
78.
______ have been on Earth for about 200,000 years. This is very short compared to how long dinosaurs lived on Earth.
a)
Fish
b)
Humans
79.
The earliest part of Earth's history is called the:
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Cambrian
c)
Holocene
d)
Precambrian
80.
Which division of the geologic time scale is the longest?
a)
Eon
b)
Period
c)
Era
d)
Epoch
81.
________ are fossils of organisms that were only found during very specific times in history.
a)
Index fossils
b)
Trace fossils
Reset
