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Modern Genetics

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 3hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The insertion of working copies of a gene into cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder is considered

a)

cloning

b)

gene therapy

c)

selective breeding

d)

genetic transformation

2.

The process of transfering DNA from one organism into a different organism to alter its DNA is considered

a)

genetic engineering

b)

sexual reproduction

c)

a mutation

d)

pleiotropy

3.

A gene that is found on the X or Y chromosome is called a

a)

dominant gene

b)

sex chromosome

c)

autosomal gene

d)

sex-linked gene

4.

Why do humans have such a wide variety of phenotypes when it comes to eye color?

a)

it is controlled by at many genes

b)

the gene for eye color has only two alleles

c)

eye color is controlled by sex-linked genes

d)

eye color is controlled by a recessive allele

5.

A heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes.

a)

polygenic

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

pleiotropy

6.

A roan cow shows codominance in fur color (brown and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected in offspring a female roan and a male roan mate together?

a)

All four would be brown and White

b)

Half would be orange, half would be white

c)

2 Brown: 2 Brown and White: 0 White

d)

1 Brown: 2 Brown and White: 1 White

7.

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Independent assortment

d)

Multiple alleles

8.
What does this image show?
a)
Co-dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Simple Dominance
9.

True or False: Males can NEVER be "carriers" for recessive X-linked traits because they only have one X chromosome.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

If a woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true?

a)

All sons will have hemophilia

b)

all daughters will have hemophilia

c)

50% of daughters and 50% of sons could have hemophilia

d)

100% of sons could have hemophilia and 100% of daughters could be carriers

11.
In some carnations, flower color exhibits codominance. When crossed, red (RR) and white (WW) flowers make speckled flowers (RW) that show both colors.
Complete a cross between a speckled flower and a red flower. Find the phenotype ratio.
a)
1 red: 1 speckled
b)
4 red: 0 speckled
c)
4 speckled: 0 white
d)
1 speckled: 1 white
12.

Mom is IAi and Dad is IBIB - what blood types are possible in their children?

a)

A, B, and AB

b)

AB and A

c)

AB and B

d)

Just B

13.

If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed male (XrY), what percent of their offspring would have white eyes?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

14.
A person who has one recessive allele for a trait, but does not have the trait.
a)
carrier
b)
homozygous dominant
c)
homozygous recessive
d)
codominant
15.
An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.
a)
clone
b)
meiosis
c)
sex cell
d)
Y chromosome
16.
All of the DNA in one cell of an organism.
a)
genome
b)
nitrogen bases
c)
mitosis
d)
replication
17.
The transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits.
a)
genetic engineering
b)
hybridization
c)
meiosis
d)
cloning
18.
An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes.
a)
genetic disorder
b)
disease
c)
pathogen
d)
mutation
19.
A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs.
a)
karyotype
b)
genotype
c)
phenotype
d)
hybrid
20.
Three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait.  
a)
multiple alleles
b)
sex linked trait
c)
codominant
d)
crystalline allele
21.
A chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.
a)
pedigree
b)
punnett square
c)
cladogram
d)
branching tree
22.
A pair of chromosomes carrying genes that determine whether a person is male or female.
a)
sex chromosomes
b)
sex genes
c)
gender chromosomes
d)
gender alleles
23.
How many people in the 4th generation are colorblind?
a)
5
b)
1
c)
3
d)
2
24.
What is this a picture of?
a)
colorblind chart
b)
carrier chart
c)
pedigree
d)
punnett square
25.
What does 'X linked' mean in the chart?
a)
the trait is found on every chromosome
b)
the trait is on all X chromosomes
c)
the trait is only found on an X sex chromosome
d)
the trait is for females only
26.
If colorblindness were a dominant trait, how many colorblind people would there be in this family?
a)
8
b)
6
c)
14
d)
not enough information
27.
How many females are neither carriers nor have the colorblind trait?
a)
8
b)
6
c)
3
d)
not enough information
28.
What is the sex of all of the carriers?
a)
male
b)
female
29.
How many females are colorblind?
a)
1
b)
8
c)
6
d)
14
30.
What is one drawback to inbreeding?
a)
increase the chance of genetic disorders
b)
too many similar traits
c)
increase the chance of a mutation
d)
chance of genetically identical offspring
31.
A cell that is produced as a result of mitosis is a 
a)
clone
b)
sex cell
c)
mutant
d)
hybrid
32.
Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering?
a)
replacing a gene that causes a genetic disorder with one that does not
b)
duplicating a strand of DNA and implanting it in a new cell
c)
breeding two similar organisms in the hope that the offspring have similar traits
d)
breeding two different organisms in the hope that the offsring inherit specific traits from each parent
33.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
34.
How many individuals are there in the 3rd generation?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
35.
Examine the pedigree. The allele for the presence of a widow’s peak is dominant. Therefore, we can tell from the chart that in the couple labeled 2:
a)
the male is heterozygous and the female is homozygous.
b)
the male is homozygous and the female is heterozygous.
c)
the male is homozygous and the female is homozygous.
d)
the male is heterozygous and the female is heterozygous.
36.
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
37.
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
38.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
39.
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
a)
Cousins
b)
Dad and Daughter
c)
Uncle and Niece
d)
Grandpa and Granddaughter
40.
Why do all the daughters in Generation II carry the colorblind gene?
a)
Because mom passed on the gene.
b)
Because dad passed on the X chromosome.
c)
Because their brother has it.
d)
Because their brother gave it to them.
41.
Why does individual IV-7 have colorblindness?
a)
Because his mom is a carrier.
b)
Because his dad has it.
c)
Because his siblings have it.
d)
Because his uncle has it.
42.
Give the genotype for person III-3
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
43.
Give the genotype for person II-1
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
44.
Which individual in the first generation is a carrier?
a)
The male
b)
The female
c)
individual 1
d)
None of the above
45.
What is the mode of inheritance shown here?
a)
 Recessive
b)
Sex Linked
c)
 Dominant
46.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
47.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
48.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
 Incomplete Dominance
b)
 Codominance
49.
If you cross a black chicken with a white chicken, only checkered chickens would be produced.  What kind of inheritance pattern does this follow?
a)
incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
50.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
51.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together? 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
52.
How many alleles does an individual have for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
53.
Which of the following is a hybrid?
a)
BB
b)
bb
c)
Bb
54.
Which of the following is purebred?
a)
AA
b)
aa
c)
Aa
d)
Both AA and aa
55.
When different traits are crossed and both are expressed in an organism
a)
Co-Dominance
b)
Gene expression
c)
Intermediate Inheritance
d)
Incomplete Dominance
56.
This shows...
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Sex linked traits
d)
Dominant inheritance
57.

RNA contains a nitrogenous base that is different from DNA. What is the name of the nitrogenous base?

a)

Thymine

b)

Uracil

c)

Adenine

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

58.

True or False: RNA is double stranded.

a)

True

b)

False

59.

True or False: The sugar in a nucleotide of DNA is called deoxyribose.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

What is the process called when DNA is made into mRNA.

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transcribe

d)

translate

61.

What type of RNA moves to the ribosome to start protein synthesis?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

nRNA

62.

What does tRNA stand for?

a)

transition RNA

b)

transcription RNA

c)

transfer RNA

d)

translation RNA

63.

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

64.

DNA and RNA are which type of macromolecule?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

65.

mRNA is read into amino acids during what process?

a)

transcription

b)

transfer

c)

translation

d)

transition

66.

What makes up a codon?

a)

2 amino acids

b)

3 amino acids

c)

2 nucleotides

d)

3 nucleotides

67.

Where would you find the anti-codon?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

ribosome

d)

rRNA

68.

What do tRNA bring to the ribosome?

a)

glucose

b)

fatty acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

amino acids

69.

The genetic code can help you translate mRNA into ___________?

a)

nucleotides

b)

fatty acids

c)

amino acids

d)

glucose

70.

Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT

a)

GAC TTA

b)

CTG AAT

c)

GAC UUA

d)

CUG AAU

71.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

72.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
73.
If a segment of double-stranded DNA has 40 percent A, how much of it is C?
a)
40
b)
10
c)
15
d)
20
74.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 

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