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WorksheetsRespiration and fermentaton Exam AP biology
Total questions: 118
Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event?
a)
As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration, which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.
b)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells.
c)
The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing.
d)
As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP.
2.
Which process takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces nearly 20 times as much as ATP as glycolysis alone?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
alcoholic fermentation
3.
Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO2 and H2O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?
a)
Only species Y is aerobic.
b)
Only species Y is anaerobic
c)
Both species X and Y are aerobic.
d)
Both species X and Y are anaerobic.
4.
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and lactic acid
b)
carbon dioxide and water
c)
glucose and oxygen
d)
water and glucose
5.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
b)
Mitochondrial Matrix
c)
Cytosol
d)
At a ribosome
6.
Glycolysis is a _______ process
a)
Anabolic
b)
Catabolic
c)
Single Step
d)
Strictly Eukaryotic
7.
Which molecule enters Kreb's Cycle?
a)
Pyruvate
b)
Glucose
c)
Acetyl CoA
d)
reducing powers
8.
What enzyme in the ETC is responsible for generating the ATP molecules?
a)
ATPase
b)
ATP synthase
c)
Hexokinase
d)
none of the above
9.
Where does ETC occur?
a)
Mitochondrial matrix
b)
Outer mitochondrial membrane
c)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
d)
Cytosol
10.
After strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____
a)
glucose ATP
b)
ATP glucose
c)
oxygen lactic acid
d)
lactic acid ATP
11.
Site of the krebs cycle
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
12.
Location of ATP synthase
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
13.
Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?
a)
electron transport
b)
glycolysis
c)
the citric acid cycle (Krebs)
d)
oxidative phosphorylation
14.
During cellular respiration, acetyl CoA accumulates in which location?
a)
Mitochondrial Matrix
b)
mitochondrial outer membrane
c)
mitochondrial inner membrane
d)
mitochondrial intermembrane space
15.
Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
a)
glycolysis and fermentation
b)
citric acid cycle
c)
fermentation and chemiosmosis
d)
oxidative phosphorylation
16.
The ATP made during fermentation (including glycolysis) is generated by which of the following?
a)
the electron transport chain
b)
substrate-level phosphorylation
c)
chemiosmosis
d)
oxidative phosphorylation
17.
At what point in cellular respiration is the majority of the NADH produced?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Citric Acid (Krebs) Cycle
d)
Electron Transport Chain
18.
Which of the following statements are false?
a)
Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen
b)
Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
c)
Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria
d)
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 Pyruvates, and 2 NADH
19.
At the end of the Kreb's cycle, where is most of the energy from the original glucose stored?
a)
in CO2
b)
in ATP
c)
in NADH
d)
in pyruvate
20.
During chemiosmosis
a)
H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor
b)
a concentration gradient is generated when H+ ions are passively transported from the matrix to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion
c)
energy is released as H+ ions move freely across the mitochondrial membrane
d)
ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase
21.
What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?
"citric acid cycle" = Krebs Cycle
"citric acid cycle" = Krebs Cycle
a)
glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the citric acid cycle
b)
oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle
c)
glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
d)
the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis
22.
Use the diagram to answer the question. Between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A and C
c)
B and C
d)
C and D
23.
Which of the following is not an end product of the Kreb's cycle?
a)
FADH2
b)
CO2
c)
pyruvate
d)
ATP
24.
In the instances we have investigated, when a phosphate is added to a molecule, either by substrate-level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation, that molecule now has
a)
less free energy
b)
more free energy
c)
the ability to transport electrons
d)
the ability to act as a final electron acceptor
25.
The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to
a)
yield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the respiratory chain.
b)
act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.
c)
combine with carbon, forming CO2.
d)
combine with lactate, forming pyruvate.
26.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
b)
Mitochondrial Matrix
c)
Cytosol
d)
At a ribosome
27.
after strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____
a)
glucose ATP
b)
ATP glucose
c)
oxygen lactic acid
d)
lactic acid ATP
28.
the loss of hydrogen or electrons is known as
a)
dehydration
b)
hydrogenation
c)
reduction
d)
oxidation
29.
Which process takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces nearly 20 times as much as ATP as glycolysis alone?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
alcoholic fermentation
30.
The ATP's of glycolysis are produced through
a)
chemiosmosis
b)
substrate-level phosphorylation
31.
What determines the fate of pyruvate?
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen
c)
ATP
d)
water
32.
The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
NAD+
33.
Which molecules are made during the Krebs Cycle to power the electron transport chain?
a)
ATP and CO2
b)
ATP and NADH
c)
NADH and FADH2
d)
ADP, NAD+ and FAD+
34.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
35.
In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?
a)
CO2 and H2O
b)
CO2 and NADH
c)
CO2 and pyruvate
d)
NADH and pyruvate
36.
Which of the following is NOT a reactant for glycolysis?
a)
pyruvate
b)
glucose
c)
ADP
d)
NAD+
37.
Which of the following is NOT a product for glycolysis?
a)
pyruvate
b)
ATP
c)
NADH
d)
NAD+
38.
This is referred to as the energy currency of the cell
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
39.
This molecule contains three phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
40.
This molecule contains two phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
41.
This process releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present.
a)
photosynthesis
b)
light-independent reaction
c)
cellular respiration
d)
light-dependent reaction
42.
The Kreb's cycle and ETC of cellular respiration occur in the _____ in prokaryotic cells.
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosomes
d)
mitochondria
43.
The Kreb's cycle and ETC of cellular respiration occur in the _____ in eukaryotic cells.
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosomes
d)
mitochondria
44.
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate during which process?
a)
Krebs cycle
b)
Calvin cycle
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Photosynthesis
45.
What is the net gain of ATP during glycolysis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
46.
Glycolysis
a)
does not need oxygen
b)
does need oxygen
47.
This is the first step of cellular respiration
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Lactic Acid Fermentation
c)
Alcoholic Fermentation
d)
Aerobic Respiration
48.
Which of the following is an electron acceptor that is a reactant of glycolysis?
a)
ATP
b)
NAD+
c)
NADH
d)
ADP
49.
Which of the following is an electron carrier that is a product of glycolysis?
a)
ATP
b)
NAD+
c)
NADH
d)
ADP
50.
Which of the following is a gas produced during cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
glucose
51.
Which of the following is a gas that is required as a reactant for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
glucose
52.
Which of the following is a source of free energy that is required as a reactant for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
glucose
53.
Which type of reaction releases energy into the environment?
a)
exergonic (exothermic)
b)
endergonic (endothermic)
c)
thermodynamic
d)
reactionary
54.
Which type of requires energy from the environment?
a)
exergonic (exothermic)
b)
endergonic (endothermic)
c)
thermodynamic
d)
reactionary
55.
How much ATP does aerobic respiration make from one glucose?
a)
2 ATP
b)
6 ATP
c)
38 ATP
d)
500 ATP
56.
During glycolysis, a glucose enters the cytoplasm and breaks in half to form ______.
a)
nicotine
b)
2 pyruvic acids
c)
ADP
d)
mitochondria
57.
Which one is NOT an advantage of glycolysis?
a)
There is a net gain of 2 ATP
b)
The process is really fast
c)
No oxygen is required
d)
It is aerobic.
58.
In the absence of oxygen, the pyruvate passes from glycolysis directly into ____.
a)
Krebs Cycle
b)
Fermentation
c)
Electron transport chain
d)
Mitochondria
59.
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
a)
In the membrane of the mitochondria
b)
In the cytoplasm
c)
In the nucleus
d)
In the chloroplast
60.
How many ATP are created during the Electron Transport Chain
a)
32 or more
b)
2
c)
4
d)
500
61.
What organisms undergo cellular respiration?
a)
All living organisms
b)
Just plants
c)
Just animals
d)
Only eukaryotes
62.
If I exercise, what chemical does my body produce more of? (Hint: Remember the experiment)
a)
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
b)
O2 (Oxygen)
c)
Glucose
63.
What cells in the body are very good at undergoing lactic acid fermentation?
a)
Muscle cells
b)
Fat cells
c)
Liver cells
d)
Skin cells
64.
Why do we use yeast to bake bread?
a)
Their waste gas - CO2 helps bread rise
b)
The alcohol that they form makes bread dangerous
c)
They consume all the oxygen which would ruin the bread
65.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation?
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
66.
This is the "powerhouse" of the cell. Most of an eukaryotic cell's energy is made here.
a)
mitochondria
b)
ribosomes
c)
chloroplasts
d)
nucleus
67.
Most of a cell's ATP is produced during this stage of cellular respiration.
a)
oxidative phosphorylation
b)
glycolysis
c)
the citric acid cycle
d)
fermentation
68.
At the start of the the citric acid cycle acetyl CoA joins with this 4-carbon compound to create citrate.
a)
oxaloacetate
b)
FADH2
c)
carbon monoxide
d)
glucose
69.
This term refers to the production of ATP without oxygen being present.
a)
anaerobic
b)
prokaryotic
c)
biogenic
d)
organic
70.
Fermentation occurs in the cell's
a)
cytoplasm
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cristae
71.
Which of the following is NOT a waste product produced during fermentation processes?
a)
NADH
b)
ethanol
c)
lactate
d)
CO2
72.
To make large amounts of energy, an eukaryotic cell must use oxygen and
a)
glucose
b)
water
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
light
73.
Which of these is NOT an anaerobic process?
a)
electron transport chain
b)
glycolysis
c)
citric acid cycle
d)
fermentation
74.
The movement of H+ ions down a concentration gradient to release large amounts of ATP is
a)
chemiosmosis
b)
phosphorylation
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
pyruvate grooming
75.
In order to create NADH and FADH2 , NAD and FAD must be
a)
reduced
b)
oxidized
c)
replaced
d)
ionized
76.
The citric acid cycle and glycolysis can both yield _____ molecules of ATP.
a)
2
b)
4
c)
3
d)
5
77.
The color off the stars on the United States flag are
a)
red
b)
white
c)
blue
d)
Our flag has stars?
78.
The waste product _______ is formed during the electron transport chain when H- unite with O2 molecules.
a)
water
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
lactate
79.
This type of reaction generally breaks bonds with water
a)
Condensation
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Condensed Soup
d)
Synthesis
80.
Catabolism is the net ____ of energy and Anabolism is the net ____ of energy
a)
output;input
b)
input;output
c)
output;output
d)
input;input
81.
The process by which glucose is split to produce 2 ATP and lactic acid
a)
Chemiosmosis
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Fermentation
d)
Glycolysis
82.
The process by which a proton gradient (hydrogen ions) is used to produce ATP
a)
Chemiosmosis
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Fermentation
d)
Glycolysis
83.
Fermentation...
a)
requires a ton of oxygen and makes little ATP.
b)
occurs without oxygen and produces a large amount of ATP.
c)
requires no oxygen and produces a minimal amount of ATP through glycolysis
84.
Each chemical reaction of cellular respiration has to overcome the energy of activation for it to occur. To achieve this, cells use ____.
a)
DNA
b)
Enzymes
c)
Glucose
d)
Heat
85.
What are the products of cell respiration?
a)
glucose & oxygen
b)
water, carbon dioxide, & ATP
c)
glucose & ATP
d)
water, carbon dioxide, & oxygen
86.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy
b)
6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ + Energy → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
c)
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → 6O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ + Energy
d)
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy → 6CO₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
87.
Cellular Respiration releases energy by breaking down
a)
food molecules
b)
ATP
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
88.
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and lactic acid
b)
carbon dioxide and water
glucose and oxygen
glucose and oxygen
c)
water and glucose
d)
water and carbon dioxide
89.
Which organism is not likely to carry out cellular respiration
a)
cypress tree
b)
button mushroom
c)
anaerobic bacterium
d)
Siberian tiger
90.
The starting molecule for glycolysis is
a)
ADP
b)
pyruvic acid
c)
citric acid
d)
glucose
91.
Glycolysis requires
a)
ATP
b)
oxygen
c)
sunlight
d)
NAD⁺
92.
Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?
a)
NADH
b)
pyruvic acid
c)
ATP
d)
glucose
93.
The Krebs cycle produces
a)
oxygen
b)
lactic acid
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
glucose
94.
The Krebs cycle does not occur if
a)
oxygen is present
b)
oxygen is not present
c)
glycolysis occurs
d)
carbon dioxide is present
95.
The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is directly used to
a)
make lactic acid
b)
make citric acid
c)
transport H⁺
d)
split water molecules
96.
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
a)
bread dough
b)
any environment containing oxygen
c)
muscle cells
d)
mitochondria
97.
The two main types of fermentation are called
a)
alcoholic and aerobic
b)
aerobic and anaerobic
c)
alcoholic and lactic acid
d)
lactic acid and anaerobic
98.
The air bubbles and spongy texture of bread are due to which process?
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
glycolysis
c)
alcoholic fermentation
d)
the Krebs cycle
99.
During fermentation,
a)
NAD⁺ is regenerated, allowing glycolysis to continue
b)
glucose is split into 3 pyruvic acid molecules
c)
oxygen is required
d)
carbon dioxide is produced.
100.
The conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid requires
a)
alcohol
b)
oxygen
c)
ATP
d)
NADH
101.
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of
a)
making more citric acid
b)
repaying an oxygen debt
c)
restarting glycolysis
d)
stopping the ETC
102.
The net products of glycolysis are 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvic acid molecules.
a)
True
b)
False
103.
The expression "feel the burn" means that a person exercising is doing
a)
lactic acid fermentation
b)
alcoholic fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
aerobic respiration
104.
Where does Krebs Citric Acid Cycle occur in the mitochondria?
a)
outer membrane
b)
matrix
c)
inner membrane / cristae
d)
chloroplast
105.
Where does Electron Transport Chain occur in the mitochondria?
a)
outer membrane
b)
matrix
c)
inner membrane / cristae
d)
chloroplast
106.
The process carried out by yeast that causes bread to rise is
a)
alcoholic fermentation
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
cellular respiration
d)
yeast mitosis
107.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process?
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
108.
How are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation similar?
a)
They have the same products
b)
They have the same reactants
c)
They both require oxygen
d)
They occur in the same organisms
109.
If you went from resting to sprinting, which method would your muscle cells use to produce ATP for a quick activity?
a)
cellular respiration
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
alcoholic fermentation
d)
photosynthesis
110.
Letter B represents which process?
a)
fermentation
b)
glycolysis
c)
Krebs Cycle
d)
Electron Transport Chain
111.
Letter E represents which process?
a)
fermentation
b)
glycolysis
c)
Krebs Cycle
d)
Electron Transport Chain
112.
Letter C represents
a)
oxygen
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
113.
Letter F represents
a)
oxygen
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
114.
Letter A represents
a)
oxygen
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
115.
Which of the following is NOT made by fermentation
a)
Gas containing ethanol
b)
Bread
c)
Lotion
d)
Yogurt
116.
How do organisms get the energy they need?
a)
by burning food molecules and releasing their energy as heat
b)
by breathing oxygen into their lungs and combining it with carbon dioxide
c)
by breaking down food molecules gradually and capturing their chemical energy
d)
by using the sun's energy to break down food molecules and form chemicals
117.
Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?
a)
fermentation
b)
electron transport
c)
glycolysis
d)
Krebs cycle
118.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
Animal cells use cellular respiration and plant cells only use photosynthesis
b)
Animal cells use photosynthesis and cellular respiration and plants just use photosynthesis
c)
Animal cells use cellular respiration, plant cells use both cellular respiration and photosynthesis
d)
Animal and plant cells both use cellular respiration and photosynthesis
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