WorksheetsRespiratory System 23-24
Total questions: 62
Worksheet time: 31mins
What is the main role of the respiratory system?
To provide oxygen to the blood while removing carbon dioxide from the body
The maintain blood pH
To provide structural support to the thoracic cavity
To allow for more efficient perfusion of the heart
The Sphenoid Sinus...
Is located within the sphenoid bone
Drains mucus towards the Frontal Sinus
Does not contain any cilia
Drains mucus through the Eustachian Tubes
The Mucosal Membrane is made up of:
Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Non-Ciliated Squamous Epithelium
Ciliated Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Non-Ciliated Simple Squamous Epithelium
Hair-like projections which clear mucus from the airways
Cilia
Goblet Cells
Mucosal Epithelium
Common Nares
Mucus producing cells in the mucosal membrane
Cilia
Goblet Cells
Mucosal Epithelium
Common Nares
All of the mucus produced within your respiratory system is swept to the pharynx to be swallowed. This process is called:
Mucociliary Escalator
Mucosal Mamba
Mucus Ciliated Extraction
Ciliary Mucosal Adduction
[Select all which apply] What are the reactants of Cellular Respiration?
Oxygen
Glucose
Carbon Dioxide
Water
ATP
[Select all which apply] What are the products of Cellular Respiration?
Oxygen
Glucose
Carbon Dioxide
Water
ATP
Which of the following best describes Gas Exchange in the Pulmonary Circuit?
Oxygen enters the blood from the lungs while carbon dioxide enters the lungs from the blood
Carbon Dioxide enters the blood from the lungs while oxygen enters the lungs from the blood
Due to partial pressure gradients, oxygen is forced into the lungs
Due to partial pressure gradients, oxygen is forced out of the blood
Which of the following is NOT a role of the mucosal membrane?
Moistens incoming air
Warms incoming air
Traps particulates and pathogens
Filters out some of the incoming carbon dioxide
What structure prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx?
Uvula
Epiglottis
Glottis
Thyroid Cartilage
The trachea is:
Anterior to the Esophogus
Superior to the Larynx
Inferior to the Lungs
Posterior to the Pharynx
The opening of the Larynx
Glottis
True Vocal Cords (Folds)
False Vocal Cords (Folds)
Epiglottis
Structures within the larynx which produce most of the audible sound used for communication.
Glottis
True Vocal Cords (Folds)
False Vocal Cords (Folds)
Epiglottis
Structures within the larynx which close to cover the opening of the larynx when swallowing. Can sometimes be used to produce low, guttural, sounds.
Glottis
True Vocal Cords (Folds)
False Vocal Cords (Folds)
Epiglottis
When producing high pitched sounds, your vocal folds:
Thin, stretch, and vibrate quickly
Thin, stretch, and vibrate slowly
Thicken, compress, and vibrate slowly
Thicken, compress, and vibrate quickly
[Select all which apply] Which of these are posterior to the trachea?
Thyroid Cartilage
Trachealis Muscle
Esophogus
Epiglottis
What is the role of the Trachealis Muscle
To control the diameter of the lumen of the trachea
To control the diameter of the lumen of the esophogus
To serve as an Inspiratory Muscle
To serve as an Expiratory Muscle
Which of the following best describes the Trachea
Rigid tube containing many C-shaped rings of Hyaline Cartilage
Rigid tube containing many continuous rings of Hyaline Cartilage
Flaccid tube containing many continuous rings of Hyaline Cartilage
Flaccid tube containing many C-shaped rings of Hyaline Cartilage
The trachea splits into the primary bronchi at the:
Carina
Epiglottis
Bronchial Node
Fork of Bronchi
After over 20 divisions of the Tertiary Bronchi, we find Bronchioles. How can these two different structures be distinguished?
Bronchioles contain smooth muscle and elastin instead of cartilage
Bronchioles are shorter with a wider lumen
Bronchioles have more cartilage than Bronchi
Bronchioles are more rigid than Bronchi
Alveoli:
The site of gas exchange
Have a low surface area to volume ratio
Have thick walls
Lack a blood supply
Made up of clusters of Alveoli:
Alveolar Sacs
Alveolar Ducts
Alveolar Cavities
Alveolar Circuits
Protein fibers which surround the alveoli and allow them to stretch and recoil with incoming and outgoing air.
Elastin
Fibrin
Collestigen
Microbin
The outermost lining of the lungs. Adheres the lungs to the thoracic wall
Parietal Pleura
Visceral Pleura
Thoracic Pleura
Periodontal Pleura
Which of the following best describes the physical characteristics of the lungs?
Elastic, light, and spongy
Dense, rigid and heavy
Rigid, light, and spongy
Elastic, brittle, and gross
[Select all which apply] Which of the following is a common impact of smoking?
Breakdown of alveolar walls causing a reduction in pulmonary surface area
Drastic increase in the likelihood of lung cancer
Breakdown of elastin proteins which prevents adequate expiration
Great looking teeth, awesome breathe, healthy lungs, and a long cancer free life full of optimism and no regrets from literally inhaling poison. Forget Tide Pods, I'm on that Carbon Monoxide/Arsenic grind.
Your lungs gain their ability to recoil during expiration from:
Elastin Protein Fibers
The Trachealis Muscle
The cartilage in the trachea
The flexibility of the alveolar walls
[Select all which apply] Which of the following does the left lung contain?
Superior Lobe
Inferior Lobe
Middle Lobe
Which of the following are Inspiratory Muscles?
Diaphragm
External Intercostals
Internal Intercostals
Abdominals
Which of the following are Expiratory Muscles?
Diaphragm
External Intercostals
Internal Intercostals
Abdominals
Boyle's Law:
Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional
Pressure and Volume are directly proportional
Pressure and Temperature are inversely proportional
Pressure and Temperature are directly proportional
When the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity
Decreases
Increases
Remains Constant
When the diaphragm contracts, the pressure inside of the thoracic cavity
Decreases
Increases
Remains Constant
Two connected systems of air will always move from:
Higher pressure towards lower pressure
Lower pressure towards higher pressure
When you inhale, why do your lungs not explode?
The thoracic cage is so strong that the lungs can't overinflate
Air stops entering the lungs once atmospheric pressure and internal pressure reach equilibrium
Your lung tissue is porous, so air just leaks out instead of building up pressure inside of them
The alveoli have an unlimited capacity for air due to their elasticity
Expiration is achieved due to:
The relaxation of the diaphragm followed by the elastic recoil of the lungs
The relaxation of the abdominals followed by the elastic recoil of the lungs
The contraction of the diaphragm followed by the elastic recoil of the lungs
The contraction of the abdominals and diaphragm followed by the relaxation of the intercostals
Forced expiration is performed by:
Relaxing the diaphragm
Contracting the abdominals
Relaxing the abdominals
Contracting the diaphragm
The pressure applied by a single gas within a mixture of gases
Partial Pressure
Alveolar Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
Visceral Pressure
Gas exchange occurs due to:
The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide down their partial pressure gradients
Elastic Recoil of the Lungs
Contraction of Inspiratory Muscles
Ventilation of atmospheric air
On average, blood enters the lungs with a PO2 of:
40 mmHg
100 mmHg
70 mmHg
45 mmHg
On average, blood leaves the lungs with a PO2 of:
40 mmHg
100 mmHg
70 mmHg
45 mmHg
On average, blood leaves the lungs with a PCO2 of:
40 mmHg
100 mmHg
70 mmHg
45 mmHg
Which of the following is true on the peak of Mt. Everest?
The atmospheric air has a PO2 of 160 mmHg
The atmospheric air is roughly 21% oxygen
The PO2 of inhaled air is roughly 100 mmHg
Select all which are true of a muscle cell which is contracting vs that same muscle cell when it is relaxed
It will generate less heat than when it is relaxed
It will have a lower pH than when it is relaxed
It will use more oxygen than when it is relaxed
It will use less glucose than when it is relaxed
It will generate more carbon dioxide than when it is relaxed
Select all which are true of Hemoglobin
It is a protein found in Erythrocytes
It binds with both oxygen and carbon dioxide
It is made up of four protein chains called globins
It contains 4 iron atoms
Large partial pressure differences between alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries results in:
Fast gas exchange
Slow gas exchange
Large diffusion distances between alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries results in:
Fast gas exchange
Slow gas exchange
Carbon dioxide:
Binds to the iron in hemoglobin
Is more soluble in water than oxygen
Is less soluble in water than oxygen
Makes the blood more basic when diffusing into the blood plasma
High alveolar surface area:
Leads to more efficient gas exchange
Leads to less efficient gas exchange
Increases in blood temperature leads to a(n) __________ in hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen
decrease
increase
The binding of the first oxygen molecule to hemoglobin leads to a(n) __________ in hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen
decrease
increase
A decrease in blood pH leads to a(n) __________ in hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen
decrease
increase
The binding of carbon dioxide to hemoglobin leads to a(n) __________ in hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen
decrease
increase
The binding of oxygen to hemoglobin leads to a(n) __________ in hemoglobin's affinity for carbon dioxide
decrease
increase
Proteins derive their _______ from their ________
Function / Structure
Structure / Function
When a substance binds to a protein the protein usually, in response, will show a change in its:
Function
Structure
Both structure and function
Hemoglobin saturated in Oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin
Carbaminohemoglobin
Hemolytic Oxygenase
Carbinohemaltin
Hemoglobin saturated in Carbon Dioxide
Oxyhemoglobin
Carbaminohemoglobin
Hemolytic Oxygenase
Carbinohemaltin
True or False: At higher elevations, the overall atmospheric pressure decreases.
False
True
True or False: At higher elevations, the PO2 within your lungs decreases.
False
True
True or False: At higher elevations, the percentage of the atmosphere which is made up of oxygen decreases
False
True
