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3.4 Water- Exam Review

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If your urine is dark yellow, it means that your urine is too concentrated and you are dehydrated
a)
True
b)
False
2.
People may "spill"glucose into their urine when their glucose levels are dangerously high.
a)
True
b)
False
3.
The renal threshold is the maximum level of protein or glucose that the kidney can filter out. After this level is passed, glucose or protein is "spilled" into the urine
a)
True
b)
False
4.
The major function of the kidney is to reabsorb urine
a)
True
b)
False
5.
The pH of normal urine ranges from 
a)
7.0-10.0
b)
6.5-12.0
c)
3.5-5.0
d)
4.5-8.0
6.

Why aren't RBC's forced into the glomerulus with the rest of the filtrate?

a)

They are too large to pass through pores of capillary membrane

b)

They are too small to pass through pores of capillary membrane

c)

They are forced into the glomerulus with the rest of the filtrate.

d)

None of the above

7.
The functional unit of the kidney is the:
a)
aldosterone
b)
bladder
c)
nephron
d)
renin
8.
What structure releases urine from the body?
a)
bladder
b)
ureter
c)
kidney
d)
urethra
9.
What very important job do kidneys have?
a)
The filter urine
b)
To filter waste and excess fluid out of the blood
c)
To filter waste out of urine
d)
To produce urine
10.
Which of the following is not part of the chemical analysis of a urinalysis?
a)
clarity
b)
specific gravity
c)
pH
d)
ketone
11.
If protein, glucose or ketones were present in a urine sample, this could be an indicator of what?
a)
Liver Damage
b)
Infection
c)
Diabetes Mellitus
d)
Kidney stones
12.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Glomerulus
d)
Glomerular capsule
13.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Loop of Henle
d)
Collecting duct
14.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
15.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
16.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
17.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Glomerulus
d)
Glomerular capsule
18.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
19.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
20.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
21.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Loop of Henle
d)
Collecting duct
22.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
23.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Descending loop of Henle
d)
Ascending loop of Henle
24.
a)
Proximal convoluted tubule
b)
Distal convoluted tubule
c)
Glomerulus
d)
Glomerular capsule
25.
What are the three types of nitrogenous waste?
a)
urea, excess water, ammonia
b)
urea, uric acid, ammonia
c)
salt, uric acid, urea
d)
solutes, uric acid, ammonia
26.
What do kidneys filter?
a)
ammonia
b)
nitrogenous wastes
c)
urine
d)
blood
27.
During tubular reabsorption, what are sodium ions, chloride ions, glucose, and bicarbonate absorbed by?
a)
glomerulus
b)
nephron
c)
urine
d)
blood
28.
Urine is stored here until you’re ready to void(pee):
a)
Kidneys
b)
Bladder
c)
Garage
d)
Urethra
29.
Fluid normally found inside the Bowman's capsule is called?
a)
blood
b)
plasma
c)
urine
d)
filtrate
30.
Promote water retention in the kidneys
a)
Oxytocin
b)
Follicle-Stimulating hormone
c)
Antidiuretic hormone
d)
Thyroid-Stimulating hormone
31.

During times of extreme thirst, ______ is signaled to create _______, which is released by the _____________________.

a)

pituitary, ADH, hypothalamus

b)

hypothalamus, ADH, pituitary

c)

hypothalamus, aldosterone, pituitary

d)

pituitary, aldosterone, hypothalamus

e)

hypothalamus, aldosterone, adrenal gland

32.

_______________ is signaled when blood pressure is too _____.

a)

ADH, high

b)

ADH, low

c)

Aldosterone, high

d)

Aldosterone, low

33.

Water is reabsorbed in

a)

proximal convoluted tube

b)

distal convoluted tube

c)

collecting duct

d)

ascending loop of henle

e)

descending loop of henle

34.

Which stage of urine production involves returning water, nutrients, and electrolytes to the bloodstream with osmosis and active transport?

a)

filtration

b)

excretion

c)

secretion

d)

reabsorption

35.
Which stage of urine production involves adding ammonia, uric acid, and other waste substances directly into the renal tubule?
a)
reabsorption
b)
filtration
c)
secretion
d)
excretion
36.
Under normal circumstances, which substance should NOT be found in urine?
a)
glucose
b)
blood
c)
albumin (protein)
d)
all of the above
37.

The three stages of urine production are _______, ______________, and ___________. (Must be in correct order)

a)

filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

b)

filtration, urine secretion, and leukocytosis

c)

reabsorption, discretion, and secretion

d)

secretion, absorption, and dissemination

38.
This structure is responsible for the largest portion of reabsorption:
a)
loop of Henle
b)
proximal convoluted tubule
c)
distal convoluted tubule
d)
Bowman's capusle
39.

The renal artery is

a)

carrying deoxygenated blood toward inferior vena cava

b)

carrying oxygenated blood from the descending aorta

c)

carrying deoxygenated blood toward superior vena vaca

d)

carrying oxygenated blood from pulmonary artery

40.

Urea is the liver end product of

a)

protein breakdown when amino acid is used to produce energy.

b)

metabolized nucleic acid

c)

metabolized muscle tissue

d)

urine

41.

The hormone aldosterone:

a)

Reduces excretion of Na+ from the body.

b)

Increases excretion of Na+ from the body.

c)

Reduces excretion of water from the body.

d)

Increases excretion of water from the body.

42.

Which hormone activates Na/K pumps on the collecting duct to influence reabsorption of Na?

a)

ADH

b)

Renin

c)

Aldosterone

d)

Insulin

43.

Which hormone activates aquaporins on the collecting duct to allow for reabsorption of water?

a)

ADH

b)

Aldosterone

c)

Renin

d)

TSH

44.
Which blood vessel carries "dirty" blood? 
a)
Renal artery 
b)
Renal vein 
45.
How does the glomerulus filter blood into the Bowman's capsule? 
a)
High pressure 
b)
Concentration Gradient 
c)
Active transport 
d)
Passive transport 
46.
Which statement best explains the flow of materials out of the nephron? 
a)
The active transport of Na+ (and thus Cl-) creates salt, which pulls water using a concentration gradient in an attempt to create equilibrium 
b)
The high pressure from the renal artery creates a force that pushes water through permeable areas, which creates an equilibrium in pressure 
c)
There is no explanation. The kidneys work randomly and it is amazing that they function correctly. 
d)
Water is actively transported out of the nephron and the nephron compensates by actively pushing out ions in an attempt to balance the charges
47.
Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder by two thin tubes called:
a)
Ureters
b)
Tubulars
c)
Capillaries
d)
Urinary Tract 
48.
What are the two muscles at the urethra that control the exit of urine out of the body?
a)
Sphinxes
b)
Renal papillary muscles
c)
Sphincters
d)
Bladder vessicle
49.
There are two kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder, and one urethra.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
Which is NOT an organ of the urinary system?
a)
kidney
b)
bladder
c)
ureter
d)
liver
51.
Each kidney contains how many nephrons?
a)
1 million
b)
10 million
c)
1 billion
d)
10 billion
52.
The long dip in the renal tubule is called the: 
a)
loop of Henle
b)
loop of Rachic
c)
loop of Henry
d)
loop of Harry 
53.
Identify Letter A
a)
Adrenal Gland
b)
Renal Artery
c)
Renal Vein
d)
Renal Pelvis
54.
Identify Letter D
a)
Adrenal Gland
b)
Renal Artery
c)
Renal Vein
d)
Renal Pelvis
55.
Identify Letter F
a)
Ureter
b)
Renal Capsule
c)
Renal Coretx
d)
Renal Medulla
56.
Identify Letter G
a)
Ureter
b)
Renal Capsule
c)
Renal Coretx
d)
Renal Medulla

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