Font size
WorksheetsGENETICS STUDY GUIDE
Total questions: 67
Worksheet time: 2hrs 28mins
How did we get dogs from wolves?
cave dwellers took in ancient dogs and trained them to protect and genetically altered them to have other qualities
Alaskan natives took in wolves to breed with Siberian Huskies and from there other desired traits
thousands of years ago the Chinese took traits and bred wolves to have desired qualities
dogs didn't come from wolves
What is this and what is it used for?
flow map, family tree relationships
pedigree, determine inherited disabilties and deseses
genetic coding, splicing of family DNA to create family information
How are Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin connected?
both are scientists, evolution is change for survival, genetics make changes, Gregor Mendel father of genetics, Charles Darwin father of evolution, both published very important books that revolutionized important discoveries in science, both collected data that revolutionized important scientific discoveries.
both won Nobel Prizes for genetics, both visited the Galapagos Islands and discovered variations among species, both died in the same century, both solved the mysteries of physics
A genetic disorder can be caused by what?
there is not such thing as genetic abnormalities
allergies that cause an impact on the chromosomes division process, foreign particles found on the chromosomes that cause replication disabilities
Chromosomes are linked together, damaged by radiation, smooth and not rough, long and not short, don't match up, half of all chromosomes are missing
chromosomes or parts of chromosomes are missing,mutations in more than one gene, due to the environment or lifestyle (cancer), extra chromosomes, a mutation affects one gene, parents pass on because they are carriers of the disorder
Healthy humans have this many chromosomes in every body cell?
46
98
101
27
Healthy humans have this many pairs of chromosomes?
32
202
23
89
What percent of US babies are born with birth defects?
10
3
2002
78
What is this a picture of and what is it's purpose?
Family Pedigree, helps determine heart disorders
bilateral detection, disproves that genetics are capable of determining any link between ancestors
Karyotype, amniocentisis, determines a baby's genetic abnormalities in pregnant mothers
trisomy, a process that determines the hair color of an infant prior to birth
Which is true about DNA? All true answers are on test
DNA is a detailed set of plans that carries genetic information, DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA is a double helix, DNA is 3 meters long
DNA resides in the nucleus of a cell, DNA makes genes
DNA is a single 2 cm strand, made outside of a cell
Pick which is true about Gregor Mendel and facts about genetics? All true will be on the test
before Gregors discoveries, people believed that characteristics were blended from each parent like mixing 2 colors of paint, and that if a short and tall person reproduced, then a medium person would be the result
Gregor used pea plants because they were easily pollinated by using a soft brush and transferring the pollen from plant to plant, peas have easily observable traits such as flower color and pea texture, peas grow quickly, it was easy to control the breeding of peas
Gregor contributed the concept of dominant and recessive traits and the punnet square
Gregor was a iron worker who discovered the importance of genes in rocks
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell, DNA is tightly wound into a chromosome, and genes are found in DNA. True or False
True
False
What percent of bananas will be yellow?
50%
25%
0%
10%
How do you make a Punnett Square?
randomly place in letters
wear clout goggles to help read it in bright light
look at letter to left, then on top, list dominant in large letter first, recessive lower case next
Which letter is dominant, and what is recessive?
B is dominant, b is recessive
b is dominant, B is recessive
Which is Homozygous and which is Heterozygous?
AA is Homozygous which means same, Aa is heterozygous which means different
Aa is Homozygous which means same, aa is heterozygous which means different
What does this image show?
the process of making french fries
phenotype is how it looks, genotype is the allele ex Bb
a genetic potato
a potato is irrelivant
An identical twin can be accused of a crime that the other twin committed because of DNA similarities and same fingerprints?
True
False
When were criminologists first able to use DNA in court cases as relevant evidence?
2001
1970
1990
1985
What is the National DNA database of DNA called that is used to solve crimes?
COD
CODIS
DNAB
Supreme DNA
What are some things that contain DNA that a forensic scientist may use to solve a crime?
Surveillance cameras
sweat, skin, blood, tissue, urine, hair, saliva, mucus, urine,
What are some ways that GM geneticlaly modified foods , have helped us?
pest resistant
higher yields (more made) world hunger solution
all are correct
riper longer, vitamin increased
DNA has 4 basesis made of chemicals, we use the first letter of these chemicals to describe each of the 4 chemicals. What does the (A) stand for?
A= Adenine
A= Alateen
DNA has 4 bases ACTG made of chemicals, we use the first letter of these chemicals to describe each of the 4 chemicals. What does the (C) stand for?
C= Cytolgist
C= Cytosine
DNA has 4 bases made of chemicals ACTG, we use the first letter of these chemicals to describe each of the 4 chemicals. What does the (T) stand for?
T=Thymine
T= Thalacimai
DNA has 4 bases ACTG made of chemicals, we use the first letter of these chemicals to describe each of the 4 chemicals. What does the (G) stand for?
G=Guanine
G= Gastotninen
"Descendants of " means who is at the top of the pedigree it is usually the parents or grandparents. In this pedigree were any of the parents affected?
yes, the male
no
yes, female
In this pedigree the red represents what?
a female
a non carrier of the disorder
a carrier of the disorder
a male
How many males and how many females in this pedigree are affected with a genetic disorder? Click 2 answers
5 females
5 males
3 females
4 females
As as woman's age increases, her potential pregnancy issues do as well. What are 2 issues?
the risk of a miscarriage
the risk of longer pregnancy
the risk of disorders
How many babies are born with disorders?
34%
24%
3%
0%
What is the Karyotype process?
Draw out amniotic fluid from the mothers womb, take a picture of the chromosomes, organize them by pairs and size, place them on a Karyotype chart, see if there are any abnormalities, determine gender
Draw out blood from the mothers wrist, take a picture of the DNA, organize them by color, place them on a Karyotype chart, see if there are any abnormalities, determine height
Gender is determined by observing which chromosomes?
18
12
23
21
If you see an extra chromosome on chromosome #21, what disorder will the baby have?
Downs Syndrome
Turners Syndrome
Tay Sachs Syndrome
An extra chromosome is called what?
Nosomy
Bisomy
Trisomy
Monosomy
When missing a chromosome, it is called what?
Monosomy
Lysome
Trisomy
Disomy
Humans have this many chromosomes in every body cell.
40
12
23
46
Humans have this many pairs of chromosomes?
5
10
23
46
Some disorders involve more than one gene such as Heart Disease which happens in how many people?
2 in 1,000
1 in 3
3 in 4
1 in 2
DNA is a detailed set of plans that does what?
allows cells to divide
carries genetic information
carries only 5 traits
DNA stands for what?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Detoxifyic acid
Dinoacititopia
DNA is a
triple helix
double helix
single helix
DNA resides
in the nucleus of a cell
in the mitochondria of the cell
in the cell wall
in the cytoplasm of a cell
DNA is passed from?
Offspring to parent
Big Chungus to his step child Mini Chungus
parent to offspring
long to short
DNA is unique to each individual living thing, for example you are the only one with your DNA, unless you are a or an ________.
identical twin
hamster
pumpkin
step brother
Before Gregor Mendel's discoveries, how did people believe children obtained characteristics from their parents?
people believed that characteristics were only form the mother and that if a short mom and a tall person reproduced, then a medium person would be the result
form the stork
people believed that characteristics were blended from each parent like mixing 2 colors of paint, and that if a short and tall person reproduced, then a medium person would be the result
Gregor Mendel noticed that characteristics were passed down in humans, but he was not sure how. It was impossible at the time to study this concept using humans, so he used _________________ at first. Because he was a monk, his priest frowned upon the breeding of mice due to the topic of sex. Gregor then decided to use _____________. Why were pea plants a perfect item to use to help Gregor Mendel discover genetics?
rabbits and then carrots
mice and then pea plants
monkeys and then bananas
squirrels and then acorns
When Gregor Mendel bred purple flowered peas with white flowered peas he discovered that he always got purple colored peas. This puzzled him, and after further research he discovered the important concept of what?
processes of evolutionary confinement
prickly pear syndrome
dominant and recessive traits and the punnet square
Gregor decided to use pea plants. Why were pea plants a perfect item to use to help Gregor Mendel discover genetics?
pea plants were easily pollinated by using a soft brush and transferring the pollen from plant to plant, peas have easily observable traits such as flower color and pea texture, peas grow quickly, it was easy to control the breeding of peas
pea plants give off a strong odor attracting bees, pea plants are tall and Gregor was tall, so it made observations easy, pea plants are edible, and Gregor loved to eat peas
When a species environment changes, genetically that species will need to change over time in order for the species to survive. An example is climate change. If an area's temperature on average rises over time, the species will need to adapt to survive higher temperatures, such as develop less fur to survive a hotter environment. True or False
True
False
The greater the genetic diversity within a species, the greater that species’ chances of long-term survival. This is because negative traits (such as inherited diseases or viruses) become widespread within a population if that population does not have diversity. An example would be if trees got a disease and they were all genetically simillar, most of the tree population or all would die. If they have genetic diversity many more will survive. True or False?
True
False
Selective breeding, also known as _______________ is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics. Breeders select two parents that have beneficial phenotypic traits to reproduce, yielding offspring with those ______________ traits.
natural selection, undesired
Artificial selection, desired
Selective breeding is also known as artificial selection, is the opposite of __________________which we learned about in ecology.
We have over the years used the selective breeding process to cross breed plants much like ________________
did with his pea plants. This process has allowed us to breed animals and plants that better suit our needs.
Natural selection, Gregor Mendel
Biometric selection, Charles Darwin
_________________ has been occurring for over 10,000 years and makes use of existing, naturally present gene variants in a species and the natural process of breeding. ___________________(GMO's) have been occurring since the 1970's and involves a direct change to an organism's genome in the laboratory. This creates a controversy and moral debates.
Technology Engineering, Crossbreeding
Selective Breeding, Genetic Engineering
Gender is determined by examining what # chromosome?
8
23
10
What does Monosomy mean?
missing a chromsome
extra chromsome
What does trisomy mean?
missing a chromosome
extra chromosome
Is this Punnett Square correctly filled in?
Yes
No
Is this Punnett Square correctly filled in?
yes
no
Each square in a Punnett Square is what percent?
60 %
45 %
25 %
Is this diagram labeled correctly? Screen shot and study it will be on the test.
yes
no
Which is male which is female?
xx= male xy= female
xx= female xy= Male
This tool used to figure out offspring outcome is called what?
Karyotype
Punnett Square
Since human cells carry two copies of each chromosome they have two versions of each gene. These different versions of a gene are called _____________. Alleles can be either dominant or recessive.
DNA
Alleles
This type of cell division is called what?
meiosis
mitosis
This type of cell division is called what?
Meiosis
Mitosis
In the process of meiosis, the 4 resulting cells are identical or different?
This process is used in making sex cells or body cells such as skin cells?
identical, sex cells
unique, sex cells
The process of Mitosis produces unique or identical cells?
Mitosis is used in making sex cells or body cells such as skin?
identical, body cells
unique, sex cells
