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Worksheetschapter 15
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
the scientist who received the first nobel prize in medicine for his work on antibody therapy was
koch
von behring
jenner
roux
proteins that react specifically with the chemical structures in the antigen that induced them are called
determinants
antibodies
proteases
macroproteins
antibodies are made by
red blood cells
macrophages
b cells/plasma cells
t cells
cytotoxic t cells primarily are responsible for
humoral immunity
cell-mediated immunity
anamnestic immunity
producing haptens
secondary lymphoid organs
are strategically located in the body
facilitate interactions between cells
are hematopoietic
are the site of t cell maturation
are strategically located in the body AND facilitate interactions between cells
epitopes or antigenic determinants
are parts of the antibody molecule
are t cell receptors
are a portion of antigen recognized by antibody
may be approximately 10-25 amino acids in length
are a portion of antigen recognized by antibody AND may be approximately 10-25 amino acids in length
the humoral immune response is delivered by
antibodies
t cells
lymphokines
antigens
which of the following is not typical of an antigen?
low molecular weight
protein
foreign
polysaccharide
specific regions on an antigen molecule to which the immune response is directed are
antigenic determinants
an autoimmune response
monomers
allergens
which of the following molecules would be expected to be immnogenic
progesterone, a lipid hormone
serum albumin, a large protein
glucose, a simple sugar
linoleum acid, a fatty acid
which of the following is/are secondary lymphoid organs
thymus
spleen
lymph nodes
bone marrow
spleen AND lymph nodes
a term synonymous with antibody is
antigen
epitope
determinant
immunoglobulin
which of the following do not induce a strong immune response
lipids
proteins
polysaccharides
simple sugars
lipids AND simple sugars
there are ________ classes of antibody
one
three
five
seven
which of the following antibodies is a pentamer
IgA
IgD
IgM
IgE
the chains of an antibody molecule are bonded to one another by
disulfide bonds
hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds
oxygen bonds
which of the following antibodies is a dimer
IgA
IgD
IgM
IgE
the immunoglobin monomer consists of
four large chains
two heavy and two light chains
five light chains
three heavy and three light chains
which class of antibody accounts for the bulk of the circulating antibody
IgA
IgD
IgG
IgE
the characteristic function and properties of each class of antibody is determined by the
variable region of the light chain
epitope
constant region on the light chain
constant region on the heavy chain
an IgG molecule has two
heavy chains
light chains
antibody binding sites
antigen binding sites
heavy chains, light chains, AND antigen binding sites
the variable region of an antibody occurs
onlyon the heavy chains
only on the light chains
on one of the light chains
on all four chains
each class of antibody is specifically defined by its
amino acid sequence of the constant region of the heavy chain
amino acid sequence of the variable region of the light chain
ability to cross the placenta
disulfide bonds
antigens interact with antibodies at
the outer end of each arm of the Y
the junction of heavy and light chains
different regions depending on the class of antibody
the bottom stem of the heavy chain of the Y
t=Ag-Ab binding may result in
neutralization
immobilization
agglutination
opsonization
all of the choices are correct
the Fc region is IgG
interacts with complement
attaches to receptors on macrophages
reacts with and coats the antigen
contains a variable region
interacts with complement AND attaches to receptors on macrophages
how long after initiation of a primary response do significant amounts of antibody appear in the blood
one day
10-14 days
4 weeks
6 months
the only class of antibody that can cross the placenta is
IgA
IgD
IgG
IgE
which is the first antibody class made during the primary response to an antigen
IgA
IgM
IgG
IgE
which of the following is the most abundant immunological class produced
IgA
IgD
IgG
IgE
which is the most efficient at initiating the classical pathway of the complement cascade
IgA
IgD
IgM
IgE
which of the following class of antibody is primarily found in external secretions
IgA
IgD
IgG
IgE
the function of the secretory component of the IgA molecule is
to protect IgA from being destroyed by proteolytic enzymes
to coat the antigen
opsonization
to fix IgA to the antigen
the immunoglobulin that is important in hypersensitivity reactions is
IgA
IgD
IgG
IgE
according to the clonal selection theory
antibodies are modified, at the time of antigen exposure, to specifically react twit the antigen
self-reactive T cells are killed in the thymus
b cells producing autoantibodies are eliminated in the thymus
each b cell is already programmed to produce a specific antibody
"clonal selection" and "clonal expansion"
implies that each individual lymphocyte produces a single antibody
describes how a single lymphocyte proliferates in a population of effector cells
depends on an antibody recognizing a specific epitope
all of the above
t cells and b cells are produced in the
bone marrow
thymus
payer's patches
nervous tissue
t cells mature in the
bone marrow
thymus
payer's patches
nervous tissue
the cells that actually secrete antibodies are
plasma cells
natural killer cells
phagocytes
t cells
CD4 cells are also known as
t helper cells
natural killer cells
t cytotoxic cells
macrophages
CD8 cells are
t helper cells
natural killer cells
t cytotoxic cells
macrophages
antigens may be processed for presentation by
macrophages
dendritic cells
erythrocytes
t cytotoxic cells
macrophages AND dendritic cells
macrophages and dendritic cells are
t cells
b cells
antigen-presenting cells
antibody-presenting cells
only antigen-presenting cells
produce antibodies
activate cytotoxic T cells
produce MHC class I molecules
produce MHC class II molecules
It would be useful if antigens were delivered directly to
Peyer's patches
W cells
M cells
red blood cells
Peyer's patches AND M cells
class II MHC molecules are found primarily on
macrophages
dendritic cells
erythrocytes
t cytotoxic cells
macrophages AND dendritic cells
the stimulation of b cells to divide an mature is provided by
t helper cells
macrophages
t cytotoxic cells
plasma cells
the peptides presented by MHC class II peptide molecules are
from plasma cells
exogenous antigens
endogenous antigen
from t helper cells
t-independent antigens
include polysaccharides
require the involvement of t cells
interact with MHCI molecules
are usually proteins
memory cells may take the form of
b cells
t cytotoxic cells
t helper cells
all of the choices are correct
the surface receptors on B and T cells both
play the same role in each type of cell
bind to free antigen
have two binding sites for antigen
have variable and constant regions
which is involved in reacting to virus-infected cells
cell-mediated immunity
t cytotoxic cells
b cells
MHC I
cell-mediated immunity, t cytotoxic cells, AND MHC I
perforin is produced by
b cells
macrophages
NK cells
T helper cells
Giant cells are
a fusion of b cells
a fusion t cells
used to contain bacterial infections
activated t helper cells
apoptosis
is a form of cell suicide
is induced in target cells by effector t cytotoxic cells
results in t cell death
refers to the transformation of b cells into plasma cells
is a form of cell suicide AND is induced in target cells by effector t cytotoxic cells
how is the central portion of a t cell receptor complex functionally analogous to the center of the b cell receptor complex
it has two pieces
both receptors bind epitopes
bond bind structures directly on the surface of microbes
both can be secreted from lymphocytes
how is a t cell receptor different from a b cell receptor
t cell receptors must have antigen broken down inside a cell
b cell receptors must have antigen broken down inside a cell
why would a person who has their tonsils removed be more susceptible to certain types of infections of the throat and respiratory tract
tonsils produce high levels of lactoferrin
tonsils produce large amounts of interferons
tonsils are secondary lymphoid organs
tonsils are the location where t cells develop and mature
would a denatured antigen be expected to have the same epitopes as its native couterpart
yes epitopes are just a sequence of amino acids
no all epitopes are dependent
yes AND no
yes all proteins must be broken down
in opsonization with IgG
if the IgG is bound
binding of IgG by phagocytes
