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Biology EOC Review #2

Total questions: 44

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
All the organ systems of the human body work together to maintain homeostasis.  What is homeostasis?
a)
a stable internal environment
b)
response to external stimuli
c)
protection from bacteria and other pathogens
d)
the ability to pass characteristics to one's offspring
2.
Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?
a)
RNA carries the code to the nucleus where DNA translates the code into a protein
b)
DNA travels to the ribosome where RNA translates the code into a protein 
c)
RNA carries the code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis
d)
DNA travels to the cytoplasm while RNA remains in the nucleus 
3.
 Which sequence depicts the correct order of protein synthesis within a cell? 
a)
DNA → mRNA → amino acids → proteins
b)
DNA → amino acids → mRNA → proteins
c)
 DNA → mRNA → proteins → amino acids
d)
DNA → proteins → amino acids → mRNA
4.
The intersection of the left, top, and right nitrogenous bases indicates which amino acid a mRNA codon represents.  This is true for all organisms.  This indicates that the ___.
a)
The genetic code is universal. 
b)
We, as organisms, differ only in our sequence of bases
c)
The genetic code determines the sequence of amino acids making up a protein 
d)
 All of the above
5.
The ability of the genetic material to ___ provides the genetic variability required for evolution to occur in a population.
a)
Store information
b)
Be replicated
c)
Undergo changes
d)
 All are correct 
6.
In DNA replication, complementary base pairing occurs between ___.
a)
Cytosine and uracil 
b)
Adenine and guanine
c)
Adenine and uracil
d)
Adenine and thymine
7.
In a genetics lab, two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. If tall is dominant over short what are the expected phenotypic results 
a)
23% tall, 72% short, 5% average
b)
75% Tall 25% short
c)
75% short 25% tall
d)
0% tall 100% short
8.
How many daughter cells does mitosis produce?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
6
d)
8
9.
What happens during cytokinesis?
a)
DNA replicates
b)
Cytoplasm divides
c)
Spindle fibers appear
d)
Nothing
10.
In osmosis the water moves from____________ to __________.
a)
high to low
b)
low to high
11.
Where is DNA located?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
12.
Eukaryotic cells...
a)
do not have a nucleus
b)
have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles 
c)
are bacteria
13.

List cell organization from smallest to largest.

a)

Organelle → Cell →Tissue → Organ → Organ System

b)

Organelle → Organ System → Cell →Tissue → Organ

c)

Organelle → Cell → Organ System→Tissue → Organ

14.
Chloroplast...
a)
converts sunlight into a usable form of energy 
b)
provides protection
c)
cleans up waste
d)
controls cell functions
15.
Bacteria cells are this type of cell.
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
16.
Animal and Plant cells are both this type of cell.
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
17.

Which trophic level has the MOST energy, biomass, and numbers of individuals?

a)

primary producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary comsumers

18.
Symbiotic relationship that only helps one organism, and the other is unaffected-
ex. barnacle on whale
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
19.
Organism that makes its own food by using sunlight or chemicals; another word for autotroph:
a)
biome
b)
producer
c)
consumer
d)
herbivore
20.

Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support:

a)

carrying capacity

b)

primary succession

c)

denitrification

d)

mutualism

21.
As you move upward, from level to level, in an energy pyramid, energy _____.
a)
increases by 10%
b)
decreases by 10%
c)
stays the same
d)
increases exponentially
22.
Symbiotic relationship in which one organism is harmed while the other one benefits:
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
23.
Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit:
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid
24.
Autotroph or heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
25.
A population moving from on place to another.
a)
speciation
b)
geographic isolation
c)
genetic drift
d)
migration
26.
Physical separation of a population, leading to speciation.
a)
reproductive isolation
b)
geographic isolation
c)
speciation
d)
gene pool
27.
Are viruses living or nonliving? 
a)
Nonliving because they cannot reproduce on their own
b)
living because they spread
c)
living because they contain genetic material
d)
nonliving because they do not have genetic material
28.

When gametes are produced from a parent cell during normal meiosis, which of the following describes the number of chromosomes in each resulting cell?

a)

Each resulting cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

b)

Each resulting cell has twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

c)

Each resulting cell has one-half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

d)

Each resulting cell has one-fourth the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

29.

Specialized cells in the humans undergo a process that produces gametes. What is this process called?

a)

binary fission

b)

meiosis

c)

fertilization

d)

enzyme regulation

30.

What you see, or the physical appearance.

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Homozygous

d)

Heterozygous

31.

A scientist is trying to discover a new treatment to stop lung cancer cells from dividing. In the cancer cells, which of these processes will stop if the treatment is successful?

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

binary fission

d)

genetic recombination

32.

The diagram below represents division of a cell that produces two daughter cells. When new cells are formed through the process of mitosis, the number of chromosomes in the new cells

a)

increases every time the cell divides.

b)

remains the same as in the parent cell.

c)

decreases every time the cell divides.

d)

is half of that of the parent cell.

33.

-ACGTAG-

The base sequence of a DNA strand that complements this DNA base sequence is

a)

–TGCATC-

b)

–ACGTAG-

c)

–TGCAUC-

d)

–UGCAUC-

34.

Which of the following features of DNA is the most important in determining the phenotype of an organism?

a)

the direction of the helical twist

b)

the number of deoxyribose sugars

c)

the sequence of nitrogenous bases

d)

the strength of the hydrogen bonds

35.

Which statement about translation is correct?

a)

Amino acids are assembled into a protein on the ribosome

b)

Ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA form base pairs

c)

Messenger RNA is made from DNA

d)

Transfer RNA contains the genetic code copied from DNA

36.

Which of the following is found in RNA nucleotides but not in DNA nucleotides?

a)

Nitrogen-containing base

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Ribose sugar

d)

Deoxyribose sugar

37.

The diagram shows a pair of DNA nucleotides. The nitrogenous base cytosine (C) is labeled.

Which nitrogenous base pairs with cytosine?

a)

adenine (A)

b)

guanine (G)

c)

thymine (T)

d)

uracil (U)

38.

Which of the following are the main components of a DNA nucleotide?

a)

Ribose-sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

b)

Deoxyribose-sugar, nitrogen base, phosphorous

c)

Deoxyribose-sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

d)

Glucose, nitrogen base, phosphate

39.
Meiosis is the process by which gametes are produced. In which of the following human organs would meiosis occur?
a)
Liver
b)
Stomach
c)
Testis
d)
Lungs
40.
Which pair of structures best shows that plant cells have functions different from animal cells?
a)
Cytoplasm and mitochondria
b)
Chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
Ribosome and golgi
d)
Nucleus and cell membrane
41.
Which process is an example of asexual reproduction?
a)
An amoeba divides in half to form two amoebas.
b)
A bee transfers pollen from one flower to another.
c)
A female fish deposits eggs on a rock, then a male fish releases sperm on them.
d)
Earthworms exchange sperm
42.
Which is the most likely function of a group of cells that contain a high number of chloroplasts?
a)
Respiration
b)
Transpiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Fermentation
43.
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which has occurred?
a)
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
b)
The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
c)
The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
d)
The excess water has moved out of the gums.
44.
Why are there less air bubbles as the plant is place further away from the light source
a)
because cellular respiration decreases when there is less light
b)
because the light independent reaction decreases when there is less light
c)
because photosynthesis decreases as a plant is moved further away from a light source
d)
the wavelength increases as a plant is placed further away from a light source

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