WorksheetsQ4M2 Review
Total questions: 83
Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
2.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
3.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
4.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
5.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
6.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
d)
cementation
7.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
8.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
10.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
11.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
12.
Sediment being moved from one area to another is called
a)
erosion
b)
deposition
c)
weathering
d)
compaction
13.
Sediment being dropped off and laid to rest
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Lithification
14.
True/False: Softer rocks weather faster than harder rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
15.
The process by which water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature break down rock into fragments called sediments.
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Igneous Rock
16.
Rock that forms when minerals form from solutions or sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
17.
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compaction and cementation
c)
melting and cooling
18.
Rock that forms when pressure, temperature, or chemical processes change existing rock.
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Rock Cycle
19.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
compaction and cementation
20.
What two processes make sediment?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering & Erosion
21.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
22.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
23.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
24.
Waves dropping sand on the beach
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
25.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
26.
Flood waters moving soil from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
27.
Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
28.
Rocks being made smooth by tumbling across a streambed
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
29.
Wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
30.
Weathering involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, wind and gravity.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
What is the process of moving sediments from location to another?
a)
Deposition
b)
Erosion
c)
Weathering
d)
Compaction
32.
What is the major cause of weathering and erosion to form canyons?
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
glaciers
d)
moving water
33.
What is the correct order of the processes?
a)
they all happen at the same time
b)
erosion, weathering, deposition
c)
weathering, erosion, deposition
d)
weathering, deposition, erosion
34.
What is the small broken down pieces of rock called?
a)
dirt
b)
grime
c)
sediment
d)
popcorn
35.
What force lays down sediment in new locations?
a)
Erosion
b)
Weathering
c)
Deposition
d)
Abrasion
36.
Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
37.
Is this an example of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
38.
What causes the greatest erosion effect on our beaches?
a)
Waves
b)
Gravity
c)
Glaciers
d)
Wind
39.
A mass of ice that covers a large area and moves slowly
a)
gravity
b)
glacier
c)
sediment
d)
dune
40.
Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
41.
Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
42.
Agents of weathering
a)
living things, water, wind, ice, and heat
b)
formed from the remains of once-living things
43.
Large body of water surrounded by land on all sides.
a)
Sea
b)
River
c)
Lake
44.
A piece of land surrounded by water.
a)
Island
b)
Peninsula
c)
Gulf
45.
a)
A. Desert
b)
B. Lake
c)
C. Plains
d)
D. River
46.
a)
A. Deserts
b)
B. Hills
c)
C. Mountains
d)
D. Lake
47.
What is weathering?
a)
A type of climate
b)
A transport of sediment
c)
The breakdown of rock
d)
The aging of rock
48.
What are the relative ages of the features in order from oldest to youngest?
a)
Limestone, Basalt, Fault, Siltstone
b)
Siltstone, Fault, Basalt, Limestone
c)
Limestone, Fault, Basalt, Siltstone
d)
Limestone, Siltstone, Fault, Basalt
49.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
50.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
51.
Which of the following correctly lists the layers in order from oldest to youngest?
a)
A, B, C, D, E
b)
E, B, C, D, A
c)
E, D, C, B, A
d)
C, B, A, D, E
52.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
53.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
54.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
55.
Used to determine whether an object is older or younger than other objects
a)
Superposition
b)
Relative Dating
c)
Fossil
d)
Unconformity
56.
States that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers have not been disturbed
a)
Law of crosscutting
b)
Law of superposition
c)
Relative Dating
d)
Unconformity
57.
How do geologists use relative dating?
a)
Placing rocks in order from youngest to oldest
b)
Placing rocks in order by minerals they contain
c)
Classifying rocks by different textures
d)
Classifying rocks by different isotopes
58.
Traces or remains of organisms that lived long ago
a)
Fossil
b)
Unconformity
c)
Superposition
d)
Column
59.
Relative dating of rock layers tells us that the deeper we dig, _______.
a)
the younger the rocks get
b)
the smellier the rocks get
c)
the harder the rocks get
d)
the older the rocks get
60.
The Law of Superposition helps scientists to determine what?
a)
The absolute age of rock layers
b)
The age of fossils
c)
The relative age of rock layers
d)
the super powers of rocks
61.
Scientists use radioactive decay to measure...
a)
relative time
b)
absolute time
c)
half-lives
d)
time of day
62.
The length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay is its...
a)
era
b)
age
c)
half-life
d)
eon
63.
The original element that undergoes radioactive decay is known as the...
a)
daughter element
b)
half-life
c)
parent element
d)
carbon-14
64.
How does absolute age differ from relative age?
a)
only absolute dating indicates which rock is older than another
b)
only absolute dating finds the age in years
c)
only relative dating finds the age in years
65.
The time it takes for 50% of the nuclei in a radioactive sample to decay to its stable isotope is called _____.
a)
the daughter product
b)
geologic time
c)
the half-life
d)
the half-time
66.
When an unstable radioactive atom decays, it usually turns into:
a)
a more stable atom
b)
a less stable atom
c)
the exact same atom but with less pure energy
d)
empty space
67.
According to the graph, what fraction of the original parent isotope still exists after 3 half lives?
a)
0,5000 g
b)
0,2500 g
c)
0,1250 g
d)
0.0625 g
68.
What land form is this?
a)
valley
b)
plain
c)
volcano
d)
mountain
69.
What land form is an opening in the earth's surface from which lava flows?
a)
mountain
b)
volcano
c)
canyon
d)
island
70.
A body of salt water that covers almost 71% of Earth's surface.
a)
Lake
b)
Valley
c)
Mountain
d)
Ocean
71.
The natural chemical or physical processes that breaks down rock on Earth's surface.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
jackhammering
72.
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
dumptruck
73.
This type of weathering occurs when rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces of rock.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion weathering
d)
deposition
74.
This type of weathering occurs when rocks weaken then break down due to chemical changes in the composition of the rock.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
c)
erosion weathering
d)
deposition
75.
How is mechanical weathering different from chemical weathering?
a)
Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than mechanical weathering.
b)
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; mechanical weathering does not.
c)
Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; mechanical weathering occurs only in cool climates.
d)
Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; mechanical weathering occurs only on flat land.
76.
Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
77.
Potholes forming in the road after a cold winter is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
78.
A metal statue slowly turning green after years of being outside is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
79.
Rocks along a riverbed that are smoothed from continuously moving water and sediment rubbing against them is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
80.
A piece of sandstone changing color (from brown to rusty red) from exposure to water and air is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
81.
The formation of stalactites and stalagmites in a cave as water mixed with carbon dioxide creates carbonic acid, which dissolves away the limestone, is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
82.
Exposure to rain and oxygen causes the metal minerals in rocks to rust and fall apart. This is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
83.
Lichens (small green plants) growing on a large boulder release enzymes and other acids that slowly break the rock apart. This is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
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