Font size
S
M
L
XL
WorksheetsScience Final Exam Review
Total questions: 139
Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
The thinnest layer of the Earth is the ___________.
a)
mantle
b)
crust
c)
core
2.
Tectonic plates are made up of continental crust and ________ crust.
a)
continental
b)
oceanic
c)
plates
d)
mantle
3.
What is the thickest layer of the Earth?
a)
the crust
b)
the mantle
c)
the outer core
d)
the inner core
4.
What is the core made of?
a)
steel
b)
iron
c)
aluminum
d)
iron and nickel
5.
What describes the outer core?
a)
solid
b)
liquid
c)
viscous
d)
gas
6.
Why is the inner core solid?
a)
its unknown
b)
what it's made of
c)
the pressure
d)
it is colder than the outer core
7.
Which layer of the Earth is the only liquid layer?
a)
Outer Core
b)
Inner Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Lithosphere
8.
Which layer(s) of the Earth make up the asthenosphere?
a)
Part of the mantle
b)
Crust, mantle, Core
c)
Crust and upper mantle
d)
Only the crust
9.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
a)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
c)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
10.
The oceanic floor is made of?
a)
Granite
b)
Basalt
c)
Cookies
d)
Water
11.
The continental floor is made up of?
a)
Flowers and grass
b)
Basalt
c)
Granite
d)
Crust
12.
What happens to pressure as we move from the crust to the inner core?
a)
Pressure Decreases
b)
Pressure Increases
c)
Nothing
13.
What happens to temperature as we move from the crust to the inner core?
a)
Decreases
b)
Increases
c)
Nothing
14.
Less dense materials rise to the top.
a)
True
b)
False
15.
Which layer of Earth is made up of tectonic plates?
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
asthenosphere
d)
lithosphere
16.
What is the name of the layer that contains the uppermost mantle and crust
a)
Asthenosphere
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Lithosphere
d)
Transosphere
17.
This sphere includes the continents, the ocean floor, all the rocks on the surface, and all of the sand in the deserts.
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Geosphere
18.
Composed of all the water on or near the earth
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Geosphere
19.
This sphere is composed of all the living things
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Geosphere
20.
Body of air surrounding our planet.
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Geosphere
21.
Water evaporating from the surface of a lake moves from the...
a)
Atmosphere to the geosphere
b)
Geosphere to the hydrosphere
c)
Hydrosphere to the atmosphere
d)
Atmosphere to the hydrosphere
22.
Oceans, rivers, lakes, and the moisture in the air are all part of which of Earth's spheres?
a)
Hydrosphere
b)
Biosphere
c)
Atmosphere
d)
Geosphere
23.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called the mineral's
a)
hardness
b)
specific gravity
c)
luster
d)
streak
24.
How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
25.
The following image shows what mineral property?
a)
Hardness
b)
Streak
c)
Cleavage
d)
Density
26.
Diamond has a hardness of ___ on Mohs Hardness Scale.
a)
1
b)
5
c)
8
d)
10
27.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
28.
By definition, a mineral has which of the following characteristic(s)?
a)
definite chemical composition
b)
crystal structure
c)
naturally occuring
d)
all of the above
29.
How do you test the hardness of a mineral?
a)
Throw it against a wall
b)
Step on it
c)
Scratch Test
d)
Kick it until it breaks
30.
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition is referring to
a)
density
b)
streak
c)
mineral
d)
non silicate mineral
31.
What mineral is the softest mineral on Moh's Hardness Scale and the main ingredient in baby powder?
a)
feldspar
b)
talc
c)
gypsum
d)
kaolinite
32.
A mineral's resistance to being scratched is called?
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
hardness
d)
heft
33.
__________ is if a mineral breaks apart in a jagged or rough layer.
a)
cleavage
b)
luster
c)
fracture
34.
Minerals are identified by observing their ___________.
a)
physical properties
b)
name
c)
location
35.
What does inorganic mean?
a)
Something that is living
b)
Something that is dead, but was once living
c)
Something that was never living
36.
Which of the following is NOT true of minerals?
a)
They are liquids
b)
They are formed in nature
c)
They are inorganic
d)
They have crystalline structure
37.
The ratio of an objects mass to its volume is called
a)
Fluorescence
b)
Streak
c)
Ore
d)
Density
38.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
39.
This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
40.
This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
41.
This rock formed when lava cooled very quickly on Earth's surface. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Biochemical Sedimentary Rock
42.
When you watch a volcano erupt molten rock, you are seeing _____
a)
Lava
b)
Magma
c)
Mineral Crystals
d)
Igneous Rocks
43.
When you are describing the sizes of the mineral grains in a rock, you are detailing the rock's _____
a)
Texture
b)
Composition
c)
Sedimentation
d)
Igneous-ness
44.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
45.
Two ways to describe types of igneous rocks are _____
a)
Extrusive and Intrusive
b)
Foliated and Non-Foliated
c)
Clastic and Biochemical
d)
Black and Gray
46.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
47.
Which of the words below describe broken up rock?
a)
stalactites
b)
magmas
c)
metamorphs
d)
sediments
48.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
49.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
50.
When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.
a)
Compaction
b)
Cementation
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
51.
What is deposition?
a)
Dropping off sediment
b)
Movement of sediment
c)
Breaking down of sediment
52.
Which type of rock is formed from INTENSE heat and pressure?
a)
igneous
b)
sedimentary
c)
metamorphic
53.
Is the following metamorphic rock foliated or non-foliated?
a)
Foliated
b)
Non-foliated
c)
Neither
54.
Two ways to describe types of igneous rocks are _____
a)
Extrusive and Intrusive
b)
Foliated and Non-Foliated
c)
Clastic and Biochemical
d)
Black and Gray
55.
When magma cools quickly, what kind of texture does rock have?
a)
coarse grained
b)
large grained
c)
medium grained
d)
fine grained
56.
During the rock cycle, what forms when the magma cools?
a)
igneous rocks
b)
sedimentary rock
c)
metamorphic rock
d)
foliated rock
57.
What do scientists call the rock that is formed when magma cools below the surface
a)
extrustive igneous rock
b)
intrustive igneous rock
c)
erupitve rock
d)
volcanic
58.
What kind of metamorphic rock has its minerals grains arranged in planes or bands?
a)
extrustive
b)
foliated
c)
non-foliated
d)
intrusive
59.
The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Plate Boundary
60.
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
a)
Energy from the Sun
b)
Magnetic Pole Reversal
c)
Convection currents in the mantle
d)
Faults in Mountain Ranges
61.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
62.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
63.
Which of the following is the name of the ancient supercontinent formed 28 Million Years ago.
a)
Pangea
b)
Gondwanda
c)
Laurasia
d)
Neverland
64.
Which of the following is NOT evidence to support the theory of plate tectonics?
a)
Fossils
b)
Mountains
c)
Glaciers
d)
Sand Erosion
65.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
66.
The theory that says Earth's continents once made up an ancient supercontinent, and have been drifting apart ever since, is called the theory of...
a)
Pangea
b)
Plate Tectonics
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Gravity
67.
Where would the oldest rock be found?
a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
68.
Mountains are created when....
a)
Two continental plates collide
b)
Two oceanic plates pull apart
c)
An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate
d)
Two continental plates pull apart
69.
Which type of plate boundary would cause mountains to form?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Reform
70.
This layer of Earth is solid Iron and Nickel
a)
Outer Core
b)
Mantle
c)
Inner Core
d)
Crust
71.
The Great Rift Valley in Africa and the Mid-Ocean Ridge were all created by this boundary
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Reform
d)
Transform
72.
Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely found in which locations?
a)
At plate boundaries
b)
in oceans
c)
in the middle of continents
d)
in the middle of plates
73.
The Himalayas in Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?
a)
divergent
b)
continent-to-continent convergent
c)
ocean-to-continent convergent
d)
transform
74.
Transform boundaries are most likely to produce what phenomenon?
a)
volcanoes
b)
deep sea trenches
c)
underwater mountain ranges
d)
earthquakes
75.
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will subduct?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
neither
76.
Two tectonic plates collide at a _______ plate boundary.
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
77.
The area where two tectonic plates meet.
a)
mantle
b)
focus
c)
plate boundary
d)
convection
78.
Most volcanoes and earthquakes occur...
a)
along the coast
b)
along tectonic plate boundaries
c)
in the Arctic
d)
in the ocean
79.
This landform can occur at a divergent plate boundary.
a)
ocean trench
b)
mid-ocean ridge
c)
tall mountains
d)
transform fault
80.
A continental rift valley can be formed from stretching continental crust at...
a)
transform plate boundaries
b)
convergent plate boundaries
c)
divergent plate boundaries
d)
all plate boundaries
81.
A mid-ocean ridge occurs at a ________ plate boundary.
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
82.
Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Galileo
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
Newton
83.
What is this a picture of?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
pangea
d)
glacier scaring
84.
This is a picture of glacier scars found in Africa. What are these evidence for?
a)
Africa has always been near the equator
b)
Africa was once in an area of the Earth that had a very cold climate
c)
The continents have not moved
d)
sea floor spreading
85.
What evidence did Wegener use in his theory?
a)
Continents and fossils fitting together/matching-up like puzzle pieces
b)
glacier scars and evidence from temperature
c)
mountain ranges and coal deposits line up across continents
d)
all of the above
86.
Why did no one believe Wegener's thoery?
a)
He could not explain HOW the continents moved
b)
He didn't have evidence
c)
His data was wrong
d)
He didn't use the right technology to gather data
87.
What two specific continents fit together most noticeably?
a)
Africa and North America
b)
South America and Europe
c)
South America and Africa
d)
Antartica and Africa
88.
In Seafloor Spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts or flows out
a)
along the edges of all the continents
b)
along mid-ocean ridges
c)
in the deep ocean trenches
d)
in the north and south poles
89.
The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a)
subduction
b)
plate tectonics
c)
evolution
d)
seafloor spreading
90.
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as
a)
convection
b)
continental drift
c)
subduction
d)
conduction
91.
What discovery caused scientists to rethink Wegener's continental drift theory?
a)
discovery of earthquake activity in California
b)
discovery of the ring of fire in the Pacific Ocean
c)
discovery of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean
d)
discovery of deep trenches off the coast of South America
92.
Besides the fitting of the continents, Wegener's idea of continental drift was largely based upon which of the following options?
a)
Fossil evidence between South America and Africa
b)
Massive mountain range system in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean
c)
Magnetic "stripes" on the ocean floor
d)
Ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean
93.
Where on Earth do you typically find glaciers?
a)
Near the equatorial region.
b)
Near the poles.
c)
Near larger bodies of water.
d)
Near lower valley areas in the middle of continents.
94.
Glacial deposit evidence supports Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift. One of the major points of this line of evidence is that:
a)
Glacial deposits in India indicate that is moved from a different latitude (from a polar region to a tropical region) sometime in the past.
b)
Since there are no glacial deposits in North America, it must have been formed since the last episode of glaciation.
c)
The species of animals and plants that Wegener found fossils of were able to live in areas where there were glaciers.
d)
The climate of India, South America, Australia, Africa and Madagascar are all similar today because glacial deposits formed them.
95.
What are Mid-Ocean Ridges?
a)
A chain of underwater waterfalls
b)
A chain of underwater volcanos
c)
A chain of underwater mountains
d)
A chain of underwater rocks
96.
What did scientists use to map the oceans floor?
a)
Echo-location
b)
Sonar
c)
Space Shuttles
d)
Animals
97.
What evidence helped Wegener support his theory?
a)
Climate
b)
Fossils
c)
Land Features
d)
All of the Above
98.
True or False : Sea-floor Spreading adds new material to the ocean floor?
a)
True
b)
False
99.
What evidence helps scientists show how sea floor spreading occurs?
a)
Ocean Floor Material
b)
Magnetic Stripes
c)
Drilling Samples
d)
All of the Above
100.
What happens when Subduction occurs?
a)
Parts of the crust fall into the mantle
b)
Parts of the crust fall into the core
c)
Parts of the crust fall into space
d)
None of the Above
101.
What is the shaking of the Earth’s crust caused by a release of energy?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Epicenter
c)
Fault
d)
Plate
102.
What is a break in the lithosphere along which movement in an earthquake has first occurred?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Epicenter
c)
Fault
d)
Focus
103.
Where is the point at which the first movement occurs during an earthquake?
a)
Epicenter
b)
Focus
c)
Fault
d)
Plate
104.
Where is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake?
a)
Epicenter
b)
Fault
c)
Hypocenter
d)
Tremor
105.
Which type of wave is the first to arrive after an earthquake occurs?
a)
P Wave
b)
Rayleigh Wave
c)
S Wave
d)
Shear Wave
106.
Which body wave squeezes and stretches rock materials as they pass through the Earth?
a)
Body Waves
b)
P Waves
c)
S Waves
d)
Surface Waves
107.
Which body waves cause particles of rock material to move at right angles to the direction in which the waves are traveling?
a)
Body Waves
b)
P Waves
c)
S Waves
d)
Surface Waves
108.
What is another term for P Wave?
a)
Compression Wave
b)
Principal Wave
c)
Shear Wave
d)
Secondary Wave
109.
P Waves can move through which of the following?
a)
Gas
b)
Liquid
c)
Solid
d)
All of these
110.
S Waves can move through which of the following?
a)
Gas
b)
Liquid
c)
Solid
d)
All of these
111.
What is an instrument that detects and records waves produced by earthquakes? (This piece of equipment can measure the magnitude of an earthquake.)
a)
Epicenter
b)
Fault
c)
Seismogram
d)
Seismograph
112.
Which scale rates earthquakes based on the amount of damage done?
a)
Mercalli Scale
b)
Richter Scale
c)
Seismogram Scale
d)
Bernoulli Scale
113.
Which scale measures the intensity of the ground movement?
a)
Mercalli Scale
b)
Richter Scale
c)
Seismogram Scale
d)
Bernoulli Scale
114.
What is a smaller earthquake that follows a larger earthquake?
a)
Aftershock
b)
Liquefaction
c)
Seismic Gap
d)
Tsunami
115.
What is the opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Magma
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Volcano
116.
What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Magma
c)
Lava
d)
Volcano
117.
Why does magma tend to rise to the surface?
a)
It has large amounts of silica.
b)
It contains very little silica.
c)
It is denser than the surrounding material.
d)
It is less dense than the surrounding material.
118.
The volcanoes on the Hawaiian Islands form due to which of the following?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Hot Spot
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Transform Boundary
119.
What is the principal ingredient to all types of magma?
a)
Iron
b)
Magnesium
c)
Silica
d)
Water
120.
What type of lava cools quickly and forms rock with jagged edges?
a)
Aa
b)
Magma
c)
Pahoehoe
d)
Pillow Lava
121.
What type of lava cools slowly and forms rock with smooth, ropelike features?
a)
Aa
b)
Magma
c)
Pahoehoe
d)
Pillow Lava
122.
What are solid rock fragments that are ejected during a volcanic eruption?
a)
Lahar
b)
Magma
c)
Pyroclastic Material
d)
Silica
123.
What type of volcano has steep slopes made of alternating layers of ash and silica rich lava?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
124.
Where are most volcanoes found?
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
d)
Hot Spots
125.
What is molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface?
a)
Aa
b)
Lava
c)
Magma
d)
Pahoehoe
126.
What kind of magma produces violent volcanic eruptions?
a)
Magma low in silica
b)
Magma that is fluid, and runny
c)
Magma that is high in gas content
d)
Magma rich in iron
127.
Where do volcanoes come from?
a)
Places where plates move apart
b)
Places where plates are moving together
c)
Hot Spots
d)
All of these options
128.
What factor(s) determine(s) whether an eruption will be explosive?
a)
The amount of gases in the magma
b)
The amount of silica in the magma
c)
The amount of gas and silica in the magma
d)
None of these affect the explosiveness of the volcano
129.
True or False: The moon does not produce its own light.
a)
True
b)
False
130.
What is true of a new moon?
a)
The moon appears invisible
b)
You can see about half the moon
c)
The moon looks like a pizza pie
d)
It's the second phase of the moon
131.
Which phase of the moon is shown in the picture?
a)
new
b)
crescent
c)
quarter
d)
gibbous
132.
Which phase of the moon is shown in the picture?
a)
full
b)
gibbous
c)
quarter
d)
crescent
133.
When the visible (lit) portion of the moon is increasing, the moon is:
a)
waning
b)
full
c)
waxing
d)
new
134.
When the Earth is between the moon and sun, it is most likely a:
a)
new moon
b)
full moon
c)
waxing crescent
d)
waxing gibbous
135.
Changes in the moon's appearance are
a)
phases
b)
eclipses
c)
stages
d)
cycle
136.
Name the moon phase
a)
Waxing Gibbous
b)
Waxing Crescent
c)
Waning Crescent
d)
Waning Gibbous
137.
Name the moon phase
a)
Waning Crescent
b)
Waxing Crescent
c)
Waning Gibbous
d)
Waxing Gibbous
138.
The phase of the moon that occurs between the sun and Earth
a)
Full moon
b)
Waxing crescent
c)
Waning Crescent
d)
New Moon
139.
The sun is a _______.
a)
star
b)
planet
c)
satellite
Reset
