Free Printable Thanksgiving Exam (Due Monday, 11/26 @ 11pm)

1.

Which of the following is a common feature of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

a)

Fermentation

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Glycolysis

2.

What is true of aerobic respiration but NOT of anaerobic

respiration?

a)

Reduction-oxidation reactions occur

b)

2 ATP are required for activation

c)

A chemiosmotic gradient is established

d)

Glycolysis is the primary process

3.

Which of the following statements is true about respiration and fermentation?

a)

Both processes use the same mechanisms for oxidizing NADH back to NAD+.

b)

Both processes share the same oxidizing agent to accept the electrons from food during glycolysis.

c)

Both processes yield the same amount of ATP per glucose molecule.

d)

Both processes sustain glycolysis by using pyruvate as the final electron acceptor.

4.

Base your answers to the following question on the following choices

I. Electron transport chain

II. Glycolysis

III. Krebs cycle

NAD+ and FAD are reduced to NADH2+ and FADH2 during

a)

I only

b)

I and III only

c)

I, II and III

d)

II and III only

5.

The product of anaerobic fermentation in yeast is

a)

ethyl alcohol

b)

lactic acid

c)

pyruvate

d)

carbonic acid

6.

The chemiosmotic theory states that the production of ATP is mostly directed by which of the following?

a)

Oxidation of glucose

b)

Reduction of FAD

c)

A proton gradient in the mitochondria

d)

Pyruvic acid availability

7.

Primary production of ATP in bacteria occurs through the processes of

a)

ethanol fermentation

b)

lactic acid fermentation

c)

aerobic respiration

d)

glycolysis

8.

Where does the electron transport chain take place inside the cell?

a)

In the cell cytoplasm

b)

In the mitochondrial matrix

c)

On the outer membrane of the mitochondria membrane

d)

The cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane

9.

The presence of oxygen within a eukaryotic cell, the two pyruvate molecules produced by glycolysis

a)

travel to the mitochondrion to take part in the Kreb's cycle

b)

provide a source of energy for the creation of ATP through chemiosmosis

c)

phosphorylate to form ATP for cell processes

d)

remain in the cytosol to drive the synthesis of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation

10.

Which of the following does NOT occur in glycolysis?

a)

Phosphorylation

b)

Oxidation

c)

ATP consumption

d)

Catabolism of pyruvate

11.

Simple cuboidal epithelial cells line the ducts of certain human exocrine glands. Various materials are transported into or out of the cells by diffusion.

(The formula for the surface area of acube is 6 x S2, and the formula for the volume of a cube is S3, where S = the length of a side of the cube.)

Which of the following cube-shaped cells would be most efficient in removing waste by diffusion?

a)

b)

c)

d)

12.

To study the actions of the enzyme catalase on hydrogen peroxide, students performed the following experiment. Catalase was extracted from potatoes by blending raw potatoes in a blender with cold distilled water. The filtrate was stored on ice. The following hydrogen peroxide solutions were made: 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Filter paper disks were soaked in the catalase filtrate and dropped into beakers containing the various solutions. The activity of the enzyme was measured by the amount of time it took for the disks to float to the surface of the solution on the bubbles produced by the reaction. The following data were obtained.

If the potato solution was boiled for 10 minutes and cooled for 10 minutes before being tested, the average time for the disks to float to the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution would be

a)

less than 1 second

b)

5 seconds

c)

30 seconds

d)

more than 30 seconds

13.

Photosynthetic activity can be measured using chloroplasts suspended in a buffered solution containing DCPIP, a dye that can accept electrons from the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. Transfer of electrons to DCPIP decreases the relative absorbance of a specific wavelength of light (605 nm) by a solution that contains the dye.

A buffered solution containing chloroplasts and DCPIP was divided equally among six identical samples. The samples were placed at various distances from a lamp, and then all samples were exposed to white light from the lamp for 60 minutes at room temperature. Sample 3 was wrapped in foil to prevent any light from reaching the solution. At 20-minute intervals, the photosynthetic activity in each sample was determined by measuring the relative absorbance of 605 nm light. The results of the experiment are provided below.

Which of the following provides the best

indication that light is required for the activation

of electron transfer reactions in chloroplasts?

a)

Calculating the rate of change of the absorbance for sample 1

b)

Comparing the observed results for sample 2 and sample 3

c)

Repeating the entire experimental procedure at night

d)

Including multiple trials for all the samples

14.

In an experiment, the efficiency of oxygen exchange across the plasma membrane is being assessed in four artificial red blood cells. The table above lists some properties of those artificial cells. Other conditions being equal, which artificial cell is predicted to be the most efficient in exchanging oxygen with the environment by diffusion?

a)

The cuboidal cell

b)

The tetrahedral cell

c)

The cylindrical cell

d)

The spherical cell

15.

To test the hypothesis that a particular plant synthesizes storage lipids by using glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) from photosynthesis, a researcher plans to use radiolabeled precursors to track the molecules through the biosynthetic pathway. Which of the following radiolabeled precursors is most appropriate for the researcher to use?

a)

¹⁵N-labeled N₂, because atmospheric nitrogen is fixed to amino acids by photosynthesis.

b)

¹⁴C-labeled CO_2, because atmospheric carbon is fixed to carbohydrates by photosynthesis.

c)

³⁵S-labeled methionine, because amino acids are incorporated into lipids during photosynthesis.

d)

³²P-labeled phosphate, because lipids are stored in plants as phospholipids.

16.

Photosynthetic activity can be measured using chloroplasts suspended in a buffered solution containing DCPIP, a dye that can accept electrons from the electron transport chain of photosynthesis. Transfer of electrons to DCPIP decreases the relative absorbance of a specific wavelength of light (605 nm) by a solution that contains the dye.

A buffered solution containing chloroplasts and DCPIP was divided equally among six identical samples. The samples were placed at various distances from a lamp, and then all samples were exposed to white light from the lamp for 60 minutes at room temperature. Sample 3 was wrapped in foil to prevent any light from reaching the solution. At 20-minute intervals, the photosynthetic activity in each sample was determined by measuring the relative absorbance of 605 nm light. The results of the experiment are provided below.

Which of the following can be reasonably

concluded from the experimental results?

a)

Chloroplasts must be suspended in a buffer solution to function properly.

b)

The optimal temperature for activation of electron transfer is 25°C.

c)

DCPIP inhibits biochemical reactions in suspended chloroplasts.

d)

Light from a lamp can substitute for sunlight

in stimulating chloroplast processes.

17.

A common laboratory investigation involves putting a solution of starch and glucose into a dialysis bag and suspending the bag in a beaker of water, as shown in the figure below.

The investigation is aimed at understanding how molecular size affects movement through a membrane.

Which of the following best represents the amount of starch, water, and glucose in the dialysis bag over the course of the investigation?

a)

b)

c)

d)

18.

Anaerobic metabolism of glucose occurs here?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

Neither A, B or C

19.

Which of the following is most directly responsible for water's unique properties?

a)

It contains oxygen atoms.

b)

It contains hydrogen atoms.

c)

It forms hydrogen bonds.

d)

It is nonpolar.

20.

Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is INCORRECT?

a)

Pyruvic acid molecules are decarboxylated during the Citric acid cycle

b)

Intermediate products of the Kreb's cycle include oxaloacetaic acid, succinic acid, ketagluraric acid and citric acid.

c)

The final hydrogen acceptor in electron transport is oxygen

d)

Glucose is a critical hydrogen acceptor during the electron transport chain

21.

What happens to the NADH and FADH2 that are created during the Krebs cycle?

a)

They are used during both oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain

b)

They couple with transport proteins on the plasma membrane to facilitate ion transfer

c)

They are used during oxidative phosphorylation only

d)

They are used in the electron transport chain only

22.

In the first step of an experiment, rat liver cells were exposed for 5 minutes to amino acids labeled with a radioactive isotope. The cells were then washed to stop an further incorporation of radioactive amino acids. The cells were sampled periodically thereafter, and the radioactivity of a certain protein (protein X) was measured in various cell components, as shown below.

Which of the following correctly shows the order in which protein X moves through the cell?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → lysosomes

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → nucleus → cytoplasm → lysosomes

c)

Extracellular space → mitochondria → cytoplasm

d)

Golgi apparatus → cytoplasm → lysosomes

23.

In the first step of an experiment, rat liver cells were exposed for 5 minutes to amino acids labeled with a radioactive isotope. The cells were then washed to stop an further incorporation of radioactive amino acids. The cells were sampled periodically thereafter, and the radioactivity of a certain protein (protein X) was measured in various cell components, as shown below.

The same procedure was repeated with a second protein (protein Y). It the function of Y is protein processing and packaging, the most radioactivity would be found in the

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Lysosomes

24.

Dialysis tubing is permeable to water molecules but not to sucrose. Four dialysis tubes are half filled with

5 percent, 10 percent, 20 percent, and 40 percent sucrose solutions, respectively, and two dialysis tubes are half filled with distilled water. The dialysis tubes are all sealed at both ends, and the initial masses are determined. Five dialysis tubes are placed into beakers containing distilled water, and the sixth dialysis tube, containing distilled water, is placed into a 40 percent sucrose solution. The masses of the dialysis tubes are recorded at 30-minute intervals for 90 minutes, as shown in the table below.

To model a plant cell, a permeable, nonflexible case is placed around each piece of dialysis tubing. The greatest pressure potential will develop within dialysis tube number

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

25.

Students in a class measured the mass of various living organisms. They then kept the organisms in the

dark for 24 hours before remeasuring them. None of the organisms were provided with nutrients during the

24-hour period. The data are as follows

Which of the following is the best explanation for the pattern of change in mass of the organisms over time?

a)

Water loss due to evaporation

b)

Cellular respiration

c)

The law of conservation of matter

d)

Growth and reproduction

26.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes?

a)

Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic.

b)

Ions are able to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the polar head regions of the phospholipids are charged.

c)

Water is able to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the nonpolar tail regions of the phospholipids are charged.

d)

Water is unable to move through the phospholipid bilayer because the polar head regions of the phospholipids are charged.

27.

In a study on seed germination of radish seeds, five beakers were set up containing equal numbers of seeds. The beakers were subjected to the conditions indicated in the table below.

Germination would be expected to occur first in

which beaker?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

28.

To study the actions of the enzyme catalase on hydrogen peroxide, students performed the following experiment. Catalase was extracted from potatoes by blending raw potatoes in a blender with cold distilled water. The filtrate was stored on ice. The following hydrogen peroxide solutions were made: 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Filter paper disks were soaked in the catalase filtrate and dropped into beakers containing the various solutions. The activity of the enzyme was measured by the amount of time it took for the disks to float to the surface of the solution on the bubbles produced by the reaction. The following data were obtained.

Which of the following best describes why the disks rose to the surface faster in the more concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions?

a)

There was more enzyme presented in the more concentrated solutions.

b)

A greater amount of heat was generated in the more concentrated solutions.

c)

The more concentrated solutions lowered the activation energy of the reaction.

d)

The higher substrate concentrations in the more concentrated solutions speeded the reaction.

29.

To study the actions of the enzyme catalase on hydrogen peroxide, students performed the following experiment. Catalase was extracted from potatoes by blending raw potatoes in a blender with cold distilled water. The filtrate was stored on ice. The following hydrogen peroxide solutions were made: 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Filter paper disks were soaked in the catalase filtrate and dropped into beakers containing the various solutions. The activity of the enzyme was measured by the amount of time it took for the disks to float to the surface of the solution on the bubbles produced by the reaction. The following data were obtained.

Which of the following experimental designs should the students use as a control for the experiment?

a)

Place a catalase-soaked disk in a beaker of water.

b)

Drop the disks from different heights into the solution.

c)

Poke the floating disks back down to the bottom of the beaker and retime the rise of the disks.

d)

Dip the disks in the 5% solution before putting them in any other solution.

30.

In a study on seed germination of radish seeds, five beakers were set up containing equal numbers of seeds. The beakers were subjected to the conditions indicated in the table below.

Comparing results from which of the following

pairs of beakers would help determine if enzymes

are necessary for germination?

a)

1 and 3

b)

1 and 2

c)

1 and 4

d)

2 and 4

31.

Individuals with an inherited autosomal recessive disorder called primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) often have severe respiratory problems due to defective cilia. Males with PCD are often sterile because they produce sperm with defective flagella. Which of the following most likely explains the effect of the recessive allele?

a)

The mitochondria are defective and do not produce sufficient protein to synthesize microtubules in the cilia and flagella.

b)

The plasma membrane of the alveoli is not permeable to carbon dioxide during respiration because it is too hydrophobic.

c)

The Golgi bodies secrete an enzyme that destroys the proteins in the flagella and cilia.

d)

The cells do not produce functional motor proteins in flagella and cilia.

32.

The salinity of a small inland lake has recently started to increase. Researchers are planning to study the lake over several decades to investigate how freshwater organisms survive significant changes in their natural habitat. Which of the following physiological mechanisms will the researchers most likely observe among the surviving organisms in the lake?

a)

Prokaryotic organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract swelling of cells as a result of increased water uptake.

b)

Single-celled organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the increased flow of water from cells to the environment.

c)

Eukaryotic organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the diffusion of positively charged ions across the cell membrane.

d)

Multicellular organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the loss of cell adhesion as a result of calcium deficiencies.

33.

To study the actions of the enzyme catalase on hydrogen peroxide, students performed the following experiment. Catalase was extracted from potatoes by blending raw potatoes in a blender with cold distilled water. The filtrate was stored on ice. The following hydrogen peroxide solutions were made: 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Filter paper disks were soaked in the catalase filtrate and dropped into beakers containing the various solutions. The activity of the enzyme was measured by the amount of time it took for the disks to float to the surface of the solution on the bubbles produced by the reaction. The following data were obtained.

Which of the following best describes why ice was used during this experiment?

a)

To increase the activity of the enzyme

b)

To retard the breakdown of the catalase

c)

To purge the solution of excess air trapped during blending

d)

To slow the catalase molecules to increase the probability of contact with the hydrogen peroxide molecules

34.

Two different microorganisms are grown in two separate cultures. When both organisms are subjected to aerobic conditions, growth is observed. However, when both organisms are subjected to anaerobic conditions, one of the microorganism dies. It can be inferred that

a)

one organism is a facultative anaerobe and one is an obligate aerobe

b)

both organisms are facultative aerobes

c)

one organism is a facultative anaerobe and one is a facultative aerobe

d)

one organism is an obligate aerobe and one is an obligate anaerobe

35.

Membrane-bound organelles have been an

important component in the evolution of complex,

multicellular organisms. Which of the following

best summarizes an advantage of eukaryotic cells

having internal membranes?

a)

Eukaryotic cells are able to reproduce faster because of the presence of organelles.

b)

Some organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, are similar to prokaryotic cells in structure.

c)

Organelles isolate specific reactions,increasing metabolic efficiency.

d)

Compartmentalization leads to a higher

mutation rate in DNA, which leads to more

new species.

36.

The salinity of a small inland lake has recently started to increase. Researchers are planning to study the lake over several decades to investigate how freshwater organisms survive significant changes in their natural habitat. Which of the following physiological mechanisms will the researchers most likely observe among the surviving organisms in the lake?

a)

Prokaryotic organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract swelling of cells as a result of increased water uptake.

b)

Single-celled organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the increased flow of water from cells to the environment.

c)

Eukaryotic organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the diffusion of positively charged ions across the cell membrane.

d)

Multicellular organisms will use various mechanisms to counteract the loss of cell adhesion as a result of calcium deficiencies.

37.

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of

a)

reducing NADP+

b)

splitting water molecules

c)

chemiosmosis

d)

electron transfer in photosystem II and I

38.

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

a)

regenerate ATP for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis

b)

produce carbon dioxide for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis

c)

produce oxygen by oxidizing water

d)

produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide

39.

During chemiosmosis, a proton (H+) concentration gradient is created in order to eventually

a)

make NADPH

b)

split a water molecule

c)

generate ATP

d)

form water

40.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a)

Glycolysis does not require oxygen

b)

Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

c)

Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria

d)

Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 Pyruvates, and 2 NADH

41.

Glucose is split into two pyruvate molecules in a process known as

a)

glycolysis

b)

electron transport

c)

the Krebs cycle

d)

phosphorylation

42.

What is the main job of the electron carriers in cellular respiration?

a)

Provide electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transport chain

b)

Capture energy throughout the process of cellular respiration

c)

Provide the reactants for the process of cellular respiration

d)

Pump positive hydrogen ions and shuttle electrons across the electron transport chain and contribute to chemiosmosis

43.

Buffers in biological systems:

a)

Allow organisms to make their internal environments as acidic or basic as they want.

b)

Allow organisms to prevent their internal environments from becoming too acidic or too basic.

c)

Keep organisms' internal environments basic

d)

Keep organisms' internal environments acidic

44.

What does the pH scale measure?

a)

The pH

b)

The concentration of oxygen ions

c)

The concentration of hydrogen ions

d)

The concentration of hydroxide ions

45.

The monomer, building block, of carbohydrates; simple sugar

a)

Amino acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Monosaccharide

46.

Which of the following is not a job of a protein

a)

Act as hormones and enzymes

b)

Do much of the work in cells and transport materials

c)

Build tissues and muscles

d)

store and transmit genetic information

47.

Transpiration is

a)

the movement of water through a plant from the roots up the stem

b)

the loss of water from the leaves of a plant by the process of evaporation

c)

the flow of water into plant roots by osmosis from the soil

d)

the process of minerals and sugars moving through plant veins

48.

Water vapour exits a plant leaf by

a)

the stomata

b)

the epidermis

c)

the palisade cells

d)

the spongy mesophyll

49.

Capillary action is the result of adhesion. Which aspect of water is responsible for this?

a)

Nonpolar covalent bonds enable water to dissolve other substances.

b)

Polar covalent bonds join molecules of water to other substances.

c)

Hydrogen bonds form between water and another substance.

d)

Ionic bonds enable electrons to flow through water and into another substance.

50.

Which of the following properties of water enables molecules to cling together as they move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

a)

Water expands as it freezes.

b)

Water is an excellent solvent.

c)

Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

d)

Water moderates temperature.

Thanksgiving Exam (Due Monday, 11/26 @ 11pm)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 30mins

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