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Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, & Volcanoes

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The theory that says Earth's continents once made up an ancient supercontinent, and have been drifting apart ever since, is called the theory of...
a)
Pangea
b)
Plate Tectonics
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Gravity
2.

What did Wegener name the large supercontinent where all the continents were joined together?

a)

Wegenerland

b)

Glossopteris

c)

Mesosaurus

d)

Pangaea

3.

Why was the evidence of seafloor spreading so important to the idea of Continental Drift?

a)

it answer the question for HOW continents could be moving

b)

it disproved Alfred Wegener's hypothesis of Continental Drift

c)

It shows how land bridges let prehistoric animals cross the oceans

d)

all of these are true

4.

The presence of the same ________ on several continents supports the idea of continental drift.

a)

rocks

b)

fossils

c)

both fossils and rocks

d)

languages

5.
Many scientists think hot plastic-like rock in the mantle is forced upward toward the surface, cools, and sinks.  This process is called a(n) _________.
a)
earthquake
b)
convergent boundary
c)
volcano
d)
convection current
6.
The theory of continental drift was first proposed by __________.
a)
Thomas Edison
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
Benjamin Franklin
d)
Harry Hess
7.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
a)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
b)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
c)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
d)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
8.
Which layer of Earth is made up partly of crust and partly of mantle material?
a)
lithosphere
b)
mantle
c)
asthenosphere
d)
crust
9.
The layer of caramel-like consistency that flows and moves the plates of the Earth is called the ________.
a)
mantle
b)
lithosphere
c)
crust
d)
asthenosphere
10.
Plates move apart at _________ boundaries.
a)
volcanic
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
d)
transform
11.
When plates slide past one another, _________ occur.
a)
divergent boundaries
b)
convection currents
c)
subduction zones
d)
transform faults
12.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
13.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
14.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)
Pull apart
b)
Come together
c)
Slide past each other
d)
subducting
15.
Mountains are created when....
a)
Two continental plates collide
b)
Two oceanic plates pull apart
c)
An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate
d)
Two continental plates pull apart
16.
This is the name for the chain of volcanos around the edge of the Pacific Plate.
a)
Circle of Fire
b)
Ring of Lava
c)
Ring of Fire
d)
Circle of Magma
17.
What is Magma when it reaches the surface of Earth?
a)
Lava
b)

Mafic Magma

c)
Felsic Magma
d)
None of these
18.
A volcano that has gentle sloping sides and is formed from runny lava
a)
Shield volcano
b)
Cinder cone
c)
Composite
d)
None of these
19.
When an explosive eruption  forms a mixture of hot rock, ash, and gas, this material is called a...?
a)
Land slide
b)
Lava
c)
Eruption trail
d)
Pyroclastic flow
20.
A volcano that has steep sides and is formed from lava chunks is called
a)
a shield volcano
b)
a cinder cone volcano
c)
a composite volcano
21.
A volcano that is made from layers of both runny lava and lava chunks is called 
a)
a shield volcano
b)
a cinder cone volcano
c)
a composite volcano
22.
The volcanoes on the Hawaiian Islands form due to which of the following?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Hot Spot
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Transform Boundary
23.

What kind of magma produces violent volcanic eruptions?

a)

Magma that contains little water

b)

Magma that is fluid, and runny

c)

Magma that is high in gas content

d)

Magma rich in iron

24.
What do you call a large crater formed by the collapse of a volcano?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
25.
Which type of volcano is Crater Lake in Oregon?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
26.

Which of the following is NOT a volcano in Oregon?

a)

Crater Lake

b)

Mt. Hood

c)

Mt. St. Helens

d)

Mt. Jefferson

27.

Which of the following is evidence of seafloor spreading?

a)

matching fossils on either side of the mid-ocean ridge

b)

evidence of tropical plant fossils on the seafloor

c)

same rock types in both North America and Africa

d)

the magnetic striping on the seafloor on either side of the mid-ocean ridges

28.

Which of the following were pieces of evidence used to support Wegener's hypothesis of Continental Drift? (choose ALL that apply)

a)

puzzle-like fit of the continents

b)

matching rocks and mountain ranges across continents

c)

matching plant and animal fossils across continents

d)

evidence of glaciers in places now too warm

e)

magnetic striping on the seafloor showing seafloor spreading

29.
Volcanoes are found...
a)
on land
b)
under water
c)
on islands
d)
all of the above
30.

Which of the following was NOT one of the first species observed on Mt St Helens after the 1980 eruption?

a)

phytoplankton

b)

pocket gophers

c)

douglas fir trees

d)

prairie lupine

31.

Oregon is located on the _____________ plate.

a)

Juan de Fuca

b)

Pacific

c)

North American

d)

Subduction

32.

The Juan de Fuca plate ___________ the North American Plate.

a)

diverges from

b)

transforms with

c)

subducts under

d)

subducts over

33.

Oceanic plates are more dense than continental plates.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

True or False: California experiences frequent earthquakes because the San Andreas Fault (where the N. American and Pacific plates meet) is located right off the coast.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

This plate labelled "M" is called the .................?

a)

Nazca plate

b)

Cocos plate

c)

Juan De Fuca plate

d)

Carribean plate

36.

Plate labelled "H" is the ____________ plate?

a)

South American plate

b)

Cocos plate

c)

North American plate

d)

African plate

37.

"N" is the __________________ plate

a)

Pacific plate

b)

Antarctica plate

c)

Eurasian plate

d)

Indo-Australian plate

38.

The famous San Andreas fault is an example of

a)

plate convergence

b)

plate divergence

c)

transform plate movement

39.

The small plate being subducted in this image is the

a)

Cocos Plate

b)

Nazca Plate

c)

Farallon Plate

d)

Juan de Fuca Plate

40.

The Himalayan Mountains are constantly increasing in elevation because -

a)

plates are sliding past one another.

b)

plates are diverging.

c)

plates are converging.

41.

What is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?

a)

Earth's rotation

b)

Convection currents

c)

Erosion

d)

Weathering

42.

Which piece of evidence was missing from Wegener's theory?

a)

Similar rocks are found in mountains in North America and the British Isles.

b)

Continents fit together like puzzle pieces.

c)

Matching fossils can be found on different continents.

d)

Convection currents move the plates in Earth's crust

43.

An erupting volcano in the ocean can eventually form -

a)

an island.

b)

a continental volcano.

c)

an ocean trench.

d)

a river valley.

44.

The diagram supports which piece of evidence used by Wegener?

a)

The animals in Pangea were of the same species.

b)

Most fossils are found on one continent.

c)

All fossils were formed 65 million years ago.

d)

The same type of fossil is found on different continents.

45.

Convection currents happen inside the Earth. Magma is heated by ______ and rises towards the crust.

a)

the sun

b)

the core

c)

plate tectonics

46.

Convection currents happen inside the Earth. Hot magma from the mantle cools as it touches the ______ and transfers heat. Then it sinks back down again.

a)

crust

b)

core

c)

mantle

47.

Where is the MORE dense magma/liquid material found in asthenosphere?

a)

Towards the bottom of the layer

b)

Towards the top of the layer

c)

All of the liquid is the same density no matter what

d)

We do not have enough information on this process to know

48.

Where is the LESS dense magma/liquid material found in asthenosphere?

a)

Towards the bottom of the layer

b)

Towards the top of the layer

c)

All of the liquid is the same density no matter what

d)

We do not have enough information on this process to know

49.

What is the role of convection currents in the movement of tectonic plates?

a)

Convection currents pull the tectonic plates and cause their movement.

b)

Convection currents have no role in the movement of tectonic plates.

c)

Convection currents push the tectonic plates and cause their movement.

d)

Convection currents only affect the temperature of the tectonic plates.

50.
When molten  material is cooled in the mantle it becomes
a)
more dense
b)
less dense 
51.
When molten  material is heated in the mantle it becomes
a)
more dense
b)
less dense 
52.
When molten  material is cooled in the mantle the molecules
a)
expand (spread out)
b)
condense (shrink together) 
c)
stay the same
53.
When molten  material is heated in the mantle the molecules
a)
expand (spread out)
b)
condense (shrink together) 
c)
stay the same
54.
Molecules that are less dense than the surrounding particles will...
a)
rise up
b)
sink down
c)
stay put
55.
Molecules that are more dense than the surrounding particles will...
a)
rise up
b)
sink down
c)
stay put
56.

What is the name of a hardy (strong) species that is the first to colonize (settle) in a previously damaged ecosystem?

a)

bold species

b)

power species

c)

pioneering species

d)

fragile species

57.

How were the salamanders able to survive the harsh environment after the eruption?

a)

Salamanders were able to survive because of the fish introduced to Spirit Lake.

b)

Salamanders were able to survive because of elk returning to the mountain.

c)

Salamanders were able to survive because of the tunnels the pocket gophers created.

d)

The salamanders were not able to survive after the eruption.

58.

Where does all of the explosive force in volcanoes come from?

a)

The explosive force comes from the gas that gives pressure to magma.

b)

The explosive force comes from the lack of gas that gives pressure to magma.

c)

The explosive force comes from the lava that gives pressure to magma.

d)

The explosive force comes from the rock that gives pressure to magma.

59.
What type of fault is the San Andreas?
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Optimus Prime
d)
Divergent
60.
What type of fault is this?
a)
Normal
b)
Reverse
c)
Strike-slip
61.
What type of fault is this?
a)
Normal
b)
Reverse
c)
Strike-slip
62.

What type of fault is this?

a)

normal fault

b)

reverse fault

c)

strike-slip fault

63.
What do you call the crack in Earth's surface along which movement takes place?
a)
earthquake
b)
epicenter
c)
fault
d)
focus
64.

What is a primary earthquake wave that travels through the body of the earth; so named because it is the first wave to reach a seismograph station during an earthquake.

a)

P-wave

b)

S-wave

c)

Surface wave

d)

body wave

65.

The vibrations in the earth caused by the sudden release of energy is called an ______________.

a)

epicenter

b)

aftershock

c)

earthquake

d)

tsunami

66.

What is the point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus of an earthquake?

a)

epicenter

b)

fault

c)

focus

d)

intensity

67.

What is a measure of the total amount of energy released at the focus of an earthquake called?

a)

intensity

b)

magnitude

c)

seismic wave

d)

epicenter

68.

What is a measure of the damage done by an earthquake called?

a)

epicenter

b)

magnitude

c)

intensity

d)

focus

69.

What is a wave generated by earthquake vibrations called?

a)

seismogram

b)

surface wave

c)

seismic wave

d)

seismology

70.

What is the record made by a seismograph called?

a)

focus

b)

seismogram

c)

epicenter

d)

seismograph

71.

What is an earthquake wave that travels on or near the surface of the earth?

a)

surface wave

b)

body wave

c)

P wave

d)

S wave

72.

What is a secondary earthquake wave that travels slower called?

a)

S wave

b)

P wave

c)

surface wave

d)

body wave

73.

What is a series of sea waves caused by underwater earthquakes called?

a)

storm surge

b)

rip current

c)

tsunami

d)

massive flooding

74.
Which body wave is pictured?
a)
P-Wave
b)
S-Wave
c)
Rayleigh Wave
d)
Love Wave
75.
P Waves travel through...
a)
Solids
b)
Liquids
c)
Both
76.
S Waves travel through...
a)

Solids

b)
Liquids
c)
Both
77.

Earthquakes most often occur

a)

in the middle of plates

b)

near plate boundaries

c)

where thunderstorms are

d)

along the coast

78.
Which scale rates earthquakes based on the amount of damage done?
a)
Mercalli Scale
b)
Richter Scale
c)
Seismogram Scale
d)
Bernoulli Scale

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