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Unit 9: Heredity Study Guide

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A flower's red color an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

2.

A dog's soft fur an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

3.

The genotype TT is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

4.

The genotype Tt is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

5.

The genotype tt is considered to be....

a)

Homozygous dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

6.

If red color is dominant in flowers, what would a heterozygous flower's genotype look like?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

7.

Hairy is dominant to hairless. A guinea pig who is hairless will have the genotype of?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

d)

HH or Hh

8.

Hairy is dominant to hairless. A guinea pig who is hairy will have the genotype of?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

d)

HH or Hh

9.

 Principle that states genes for different traits do not influence each other’s segregation

a)

heterozygous

b)

dominance

c)

independent assortment

d)

codominance

10.

Scenario in which a gene has more than two alleles

a)

polygenic trait

b)

multiple alleles

c)

hybrid

d)

independent assortment

11.

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

a)

gene

b)

allele

c)

trait

d)

chromosome

12.

 Inheritance pattern in which both alleles are dominant so the heterozygous shows both phenotypes.

a)

dominant

b)

genotype

c)

codominant

d)

incomplete dominance

13.

 Inheritance pattern in which neither allele is dominant so the heterozygous shows as a 

  blend.

a)

dominant

b)

genotype

c)

codominant

d)

incomplete dominance

14.

Traits controlled by more than one gene resulting in a wide range of phenotypes

a)

codominant

b)

polygenic

c)

hybrid

d)

true- breed

15.

This allele that will mask another when present.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

genotype

d)

probability

16.

Allele

a)

The way an organism looks and behaves

b)

Different forms of a gene

c)

Alleles for a trait are the same

17.

The alleles for different traits are sorted separately and don't affect one another.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Conservation of Matter

d)

Law of Segregation

18.

Gametes produced by an organism contain a combination of genes from that organism. In

every gamete, this combination is —

a)

the same because it is created from the same DNA

b)

the same because chromosomes are copied prior to meiosis

c)

different due to DNA replication prior to mitosis

d)

different due to independent assortment during meiosis

19.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
20.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
21.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
22.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
23.
B = brown eyes
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
24.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
25.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
26.
What is the phenotype of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair) 
a)
50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair 
b)
25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair 
c)
75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair 
d)
0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair 
27.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
28.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
29.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
30.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
31.
How many individuals are there in the 3rd generation?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
32.
Give the genotype for person III-3
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
33.
Give the genotype for person II-1
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
34.
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
a)
Cousins
b)
Dad and Daughter
c)
Uncle and Niece
d)
Grandpa and Granddaughter
35.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
36.

If this pedigree shows a recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual 4 be?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

37.
If you have a parent who has GgBb as their genotype, what are the possible alleles they could donate to their gametes?
a)
GB, Gb, gB, gb
b)
GB, GB, gb, gb
c)
Gb, Gb, Gb, GB
d)
GG, BB, gg, bb
38.
T4 - What genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?
a)
RrYy
b)
RRYY
c)
rryy
d)
RrYY
39.
T4 - Based off this Punnett Square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
40.

Name the proteins on the surface of red blood cells.

a)

Antibodies

b)

Antigens

c)

Plasma

d)

Collagen

41.

What type of antigens can be found on the surface of RBC's when someone has blood type O?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

none

42.
What types of antigens are present in a person with O+ blood?
a)
A and B
b)
Rh, only
c)
A, B and Rh
d)
None
43.

During a blood typing test, a droplet of blood is found to have both A and B antigens. What is the blood type?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

O

44.

What type of blood is shown here?

a)

A positive

b)

A negative

c)

B positive

d)

B negative

45.
What type of blood is the universal donor?
a)
AB+
b)
AB-
c)
O+
d)
O-
46.
What types of blood can a person with AB- RECEIVE?
a)
All types
b)
AB-, A-, B-, O-
c)
AB- and AB+
d)
AB+, A+, B+, O+
47.

This determines whether a person's blood type is positive or negative...

a)

Rh factor

b)

platelets

c)

D antibodies

d)

plasma

48.
Jim has type AB blood. His dad could be type O.
a)
True
b)
False
49.

A woman with blood type B, whose father had blood type O, marries a man with blood type O. What are the odds they have a child with blood type B?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

e)

75%

50.

The A and B alleles in human blood types are ___________ to each other.

a)

codominant

b)

homozygous

c)

completely dominant

d)

recessive

51.

There are multiple alleles for the ABO blood group. Why are only two of these alleles present in any one individual?

a)

Each parent contributes only one allele for the ABO blood group to the offspring.

b)

There are not enough nucleotides in a red blood cell to produce a third allele.

c)

Each allele in the ABO group must be dominant or recessive

d)

Blood group alleles are not segregated during meiosis.

52.

What are the parents' blood types. Mark two answers.

a)

Type A

b)

Type B

c)

Type AB

d)

Type O

53.

What is the probability these two parents will have a child with type AB blood?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

54.

What are the parents' blood types? Mark all that apply.

a)

Type A

b)

Type B

c)

Type AB

d)

Type O

55.

Which of the following genotypes shows a CARRIER for a trait?

a)

XBXb

b)

XbXb

c)

XBXB

d)

XbY

56.

Colorblindness is a recessive X-linked disorder.

Which genotype represents a male with normal vision?

a)

XN YN

b)

Xn Yn

c)

XN Y

d)

Xn Y

57.
Which of the following genotypes belongs in the red box in the Punnett square?
a)
XBXb
b)
XbXb
c)
XbY
d)
XBY
58.

Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because......

a)

fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only

b)

the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome

c)

the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome

d)

males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness

59.

Colorblindness is a recessive X-linked disorder.

Which genotype represents a male with normal vision?

a)

XN YN

b)

Xn Yn

c)

XN Y

d)

Xn Y

60.

What would the genotype be of a colorblind male?

a)

XNY

b)

XNYn

c)

XnY

d)

XnYn

61.

How many recessive genes does a carrier female have for colorblindness?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

0

d)

3

62.

Colorblindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. A colorblind woman marries a male with normal color vision. What is the percent chance of them having a color blind son?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

63.

The woman who is colorblind marries a man with normal vision. What is the probability that their sons will be colorblind?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

64.

Which best explains why males cannot be carriers of X-linked traits?

a)

Males only have one X chromosome

b)

Males have two copies of the X chromosome

c)

Males can be heterozygous for a particular trait

d)

Males do not have an X chromosome

65.

A woman who is a carrier for the sex-linked trait hemophilia has children with a man with hemophilia. What percentage of offspring would be expected to have hemophilia?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

66.

What is the reason farmers cultivate GMO crops?

a)

Increase Yields

b)

Decrease Pesticide Input Costs

c)

Save Time

d)

All of the Above

67.
What occurs when a GMO is created? 
a)
Protein synthesis of the organism is affected
b)
The phenotype is usually changed
c)
The genotype is changed
d)
All of the above
68.
GMO stands for
a)
genetically made organism
b)
genetically modified organism
c)
gene manipulated organism
d)
Genetic mutant organism
69.
What is the benefit of geneticially modified organisms?
a)
They may be better looking or more productive/effective
b)
They are easily reproduced
c)
They are higher in population
d)
They live longer/stronger
70.
Large countries like China need GMO's to keep up with its rapid growing population.
a)
True 
b)
False
71.

Why do bacteria have CRISPR? Check all that apply.

a)

To be able to remember which viruses they have been infected with

b)

To be able to edit virus DNA

c)

To cut apart virus DNA thereby stopping the virus infection

d)

To be able to edit their own DNA

72.

What is the role of the guide RNA?

a)

It helps the cell repair the DNA

b)

ensures that the Cas9 enzyme cuts at the right point in the genome

c)

Recognizes PAM sequences and opens up the DNA

d)

makes a cut across both strands of the DNA

73.

How does the guide RNA help the cell know where to cut the DNA?

a)

Guide RNA helps to find the PAM

b)

Guide RNA is complementary to the DNA sequence

c)

Guide RNA always binds to the same sequence of DNA

d)

Like restriction sites, they are always palindromes

74.

The following sequence is a known GENE MUTATION that geneticists would like to remove. What would be the guide RNA they need to build into a CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme?


TTA CCG

a)

AAU GGC

b)

AAT GGC

c)

TTA CCG

d)

GCC ATT

75.

How does CRISPR edit DNA? Check ALL that apply.

a)

CRISPR chemically changes A's to C's

b)

CRISPR cuts the DNA and the cell makes errors when it tries to fix the broken DNA

c)

CRISPR cuts the DNA and the cell can use a similar DNA sequence as a template to try to fix the DNA

d)

CRISPR changes all PAM's so that they are no longer able to be recognized

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