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Psychology Review- Lowest Standards

Total questions: 142

Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
I wrote the Principles of Psychology in 1890 and established functionalism, the first school of psychology in the U.S.
a)
Abraham Maslow
b)
William James
c)
Sigmund Freud
2.
In Russia, I studied physiology and discovered the basic learning process called classical conditioning.
a)
John Locke
b)
Sigmund Freud
c)
Ivan Pavlov
3.
I believed all we have to do to explain voluntary behavior was to study the relationship between the organism's behavior and the environment.
a)
B.F. Skinner
b)
Sigmund Freud
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
John Locke
4.
I was controversial in my day for what I wrote about unconscious conflicts, sex and the importance of early childhood experiences.
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Wihelm Wundt
c)
Francis Sumner
5.
They call me the father of scientific psychology; I established the first psychology research laboratory in Germany in 1879
a)
Wihelm Wundt
b)
Sigmund Freud
c)
Mary Calkins
6.

Behaviorism, Little Albert study

a)

Wundt

b)

Freud

c)

Skinner

d)

Watson

7.

Psychoanalytic, dream analysis, free association, defense mechanisms

a)

Chomsky

b)

Freud

c)

Pavlov

d)

James

8.

hierarchy of needs, humanistic

a)

Watson

b)

Skinner

c)

Pavlov

d)

Maslow

9.

Stages of cognitive development, cognitive theorist

a)

Skinner

b)

Piaget

c)

Wundt

d)

Watson

10.

First psychology lab, father of psychology, introspection

a)

William James

b)

Maslow

c)

John B. Watson

d)

Wilhem Wundt

11.

Functionalist:"Father of American Psychology"

a)

Ivan Pavlov

b)

William James

c)

Sigmund Freud

d)

B. F Skinner

12.

Behaviorist known as the father of Operant Conditioning

a)

B.F Skinner

b)

Jean Piaget

c)

Wilhelm Wundt

d)

Carl Jung

13.

Russian; "Dog,bell,salivate" experiment (Classical conditioning)

a)

B.F Skinner

b)

Ivan Pavlov

c)

Abraham Maslow

d)

William James

14.

American psychologist that is most memorable for his controversial research with Little Albert experiment, in which he conditioned a child to fear a white fuzz thing

a)

Anne Freud

b)

Sigmund Freud

c)

Mamie Phipps Clark

d)

Jonh B. Watson

15.
This behaviorist is one of the
most influential psychologists
of the late 20th century. He
advocated the idea that
behavior is controlled by
reward and consequences. 
a)
Lawrence Kohlberg
b)
Carl Rogers
c)
Hans Seyllye
d)
BF Skinner
16.
He stressed the importance of observation and imitation in learning. His research included studying children with a Bobo doll.
a)
Albert Bandura
b)
Carl Bobo
c)
Paul Ekman
d)
David Wechsler
17.
Which figure is most associated with developing the theory of classical conditioning? 
a)
John Watson 
b)
Edward Thorndike 
c)
 Ivan Pavlov 
d)
B. F. Skinner
18.
Which psychologist studied children’s thought processes (cognitive development)?
a)
Erik Erikson
b)
Carl Rogers
c)
Abraham Maslow
d)
Jean Piaget
19.
Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
B.F. Skinner
20.
Who is considered the "father of psychology" and began the first psychology lab?
a)
Wilhelm Wundt
b)
Wiliiam James
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
Edward Titchener
21.
Question 4
Carl Rogers followed which psychological approach?
a)
Behaviourism
b)
Humanism
c)
Biological
d)
Psychoanalytical 
22.
Question 4 
Carl Rogers believed ...
a)
Patients are people
b)
Patients do not have the ability to find solutions to problems 
c)
Patients have the innate ability to self heal.
d)
Patients must have a positive relationship with the staff working with them. 
23.
Question 6
According to Carl Rogers to enable patients to heal they need
a)
Safe Psychological Environment
b)
Love and Warmth
c)
Continued Care
d)
To fulfill their potential
24.
Question 5
Carl Rogers agreed with, which other psychologist?
a)
Freud
b)
Watson
c)
Skinner
d)
Maslow
25.
When experimenting with the growth of a plant, a scientist uses three (of the same type of) plants, two different fertilizers, equal light, and equal water. What type of variable is the fertilizer?
a)
Dependent
b)
Independent
c)
Control
d)
Compound
26.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, the independent variable is ...
a)
The type of plant
b)
The amount of sunlight
c)
The type of music
d)
The type of liquid
27.
The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.
a)
change
b)
keep the same
c)
experiment with
d)
investigate
28.
The measurable factor in an experiment is known as the: 
a)
Control
b)
Independent Variable
c)
Constant
d)
Dependent Variable
29.
Alexandra is testing the quality of her Nikon camera against the camera on her iPhone.  The different cameras is the __ variable.
a)
constant (same)
b)
dependent (measured)
c)
independent (changes)
30.
Khaleel is testing how the use of stress balls during testing affects a student's test score.  The students' average test scores who used the stress balls is the __ variable.
a)
dependent (measured)
b)
constant (same)
c)
independent (changes)
31.
What is Dendrite
a)
nerve fibers that carry message to cell body
b)
allow nerve impulses to pass from one neuron to next neuron
c)
nerve fibers that carry message from the cell body
d)
fat covering of the neuron
32.
Which process is goverened by the autonomic nervous system?
a)
writing
b)
chewing
c)
running
d)
digesting food
33.

Without the nervous system, you couldn't

a)

walk

b)

breathe

c)

think

d)

all of the above

34.

The nervous system is made up of these three parts:

a)

Brain, heart, and spinal cord

b)

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

c)

Nerves, arteries, and veins

d)

Nerves, liver, and heart

35.

Which part of the body is the control center for the nervous system?

a)

Spinal cord

b)

Stomach

c)

Brain

d)

Heart

36.
What two things are found in the central nervous system?
a)
brain/spinal cord
b)
spinal cord/motor neurons
c)
motor/sensory neurons
d)
only brain
37.

2 types of neurone are

a)

Sensory

b)

Voluntary

c)

Synapse

d)

Motor

38.
The red part of the picture shows the ________ which is part of the nervous system.
a)
brain
b)
spinal cord
c)
peripheral nerves
d)
neurons
39.
Anything that causes you to respond is ....
a)
a response.
b)
a stimuli.
c)
a reaction.
d)
an interpretation.
40.
The purpose of the nervous system is ...
a)
respond, interpret and receive stimuli
b)
interpret, receive and respond to stimuli
c)
receive, interpret and respond to stimuli
d)
none of the above
41.
What is the central nervous system (CNS) made of?
a)
brain and spinal cord
b)
brain and cranial nerves
c)
spinal cord and spinal nerves
d)
cranial nerves and spinal nerves
42.
The part of the nervous system that consists of nerves that branch out from the CNS and connect to other body parts
a)
Sympathetic
b)
Parasympathetic
c)
Autonomic
d)
Peripheral
43.

The ____ nervous system controls unconscious activities. (Such as breathing, Heartbeat, and digestive processes.)

a)

somatic

b)

sympathetic

c)

parasympathetic

d)

autonomic

44.

What is an example of the autonomic nervous system at work?

a)

skipping

b)

jumping

c)

sitting

d)

organ functions

45.

A person that has dilated pupils, increased heart rate, rapid breathing and inhibited digestion is probably undergoing _____ .

a)

A Flight or Eat response

b)

A Medulla oblongata response

c)

A Rest or Digest response

d)

A Fight or Flight response

46.
Part of the autonomic that activates in high stress emergencies
a)
sympathetic
b)
reflexal
c)
parasympathetic
d)
somatic
47.
An example of voluntary movement would be:
a)
smiling
b)
heart beat
c)
digestion
d)
breathing 
48.
Amy has an itch on her nose and would like to scratch it.  What part of her nervous system will control the movement of her arm to scratch her nose?
a)
Somatic
b)
Sympathetic
c)
Parasympathetic
d)
Autonomic
49.

What is PET used for?

a)

By observing neurons

b)

To study anatomical structures

c)

To observe disease or injuries in the brain through radiation

d)

To find lesions in early stages

50.

What is the CT used for?

a)

To observe neurons

b)

To make images of the brain, through X-ray scans

c)

To study metabolic processes

51.

What does EEG stand for?

a)

Electricencephalography

b)

Electrogrophy

c)

Electrophotography

d)

Electroencephalography

52.

What does Electroencephalography do?

a)

Track anatomical structure

b)

Examines neurons to track electrical signals in the brain

c)

Detect lesions early

d)

Make images of the brain

53.

What type of image is this?

a)

X ray

b)

Ultrasound

c)

CT Scan

d)

MRI

54.
Which of the following does not use radiation?
a)
Xray
b)
CT Scan
c)
PET Scan
d)
MRI
55.

An x-ray and high-powered computers used to generate images of bones and tissue is known as __________________________.

a)

MRI

b)

Mammography

c)

X-Ray

d)

CT

56.

The ______________ is used to diagnose broken bones (mostly hard tissue).

a)

CT Scan

b)

MRI Scan

c)

Basic Xray

d)

PET Scan

57.

The ______________ ______________ is very fast, cross-sectional and good for looking at soft or hard tissues.

a)

CT Scan

b)

MRI Scan

c)

PET Scan

d)

Basic Xray

58.

The _____________________ is used to look at babies and other soft tissue organs.

a)

Basic Xray

b)

PET Scan

c)

Ultrasound

d)

MRI Scan

59.
What scientific tool create these images of the brain?
a)
CT Scan
b)
MRI
c)
Ultrasound
d)
XRay
60.
This image was produced by
a)
CT
b)
MRI
c)
fMRI
d)
PET
61.

In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?

a)

Electroencephalography (EEG)

b)

Electromyography (EMG)

c)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

d)

Positron-emission tomography (PET)

e)

Computerized axial tomography (CAT)

62.
  Circadian rhythm refers to .
a)
biological ryhtms that occure from 1 month to a year
b)
hibernation
c)
biological ryhtm that occurs within a 24 hour period
d)
hunger
63.
The period of the sleep cycle when most dreaming occurs is
a)
1
b)
REM
c)
NREM
d)
4
64.
The hormone most closely related to one's sleep pattern is:
a)
Serotonin
b)
Dopamine
c)
Norepinephrine
d)
Melatonin
65.
A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep is called:
a)
Sleepiness
b)
Insomnia
c)
Sleep apnea
d)
Narcolepsy
66.
What does R.E.M sleep mean
a)
Rapid.eye.movement
b)
race.eye.mum
c)
rape.elephant.mountain
d)
rag.everst.move
67.
What does N.R.E.M sleep mean
a)
Non.rapid.eye.movement
b)
Nice.raping.egg.man
c)
Now.race.elephant.Mc Donald's 
d)
Noon.rap.exelent.moew.
68.
Circadian rhythm refers to
 biological ryhtm that occurs within a 24 hour period
a)
Circadian rhythm refers to biological ryhtms that occure from 1 month to a year
b)
hibernationc
c)
 biological ryhtm that occurs within a 24 hour period
69.

Scientists believe not sleeping enough can make us eat more and put on weight.

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Most people need to sleep for seven to nine hours a night.

a)

True

b)

False

71.

NREM sleep is characterized by...

a)

slow brain waves

b)

fast brain waves

72.

The brain uses less energy during...

a)

NREM sleep

b)

REM sleep

73.

Dreams occur during...

a)

NREM sleep

b)

REM sleep

74.

We ... move our limbs during REM sleep.

a)

can

b)

cannot

75.
Trying to see a hidden representational image in a piece of abstract art by looking carefully at each element in the picture and trying to form an image employs which kind of perceptual process?
a)
bottom-up processing
b)
selective attention
c)
retinal disparity
d)
perceptual adaptation
76.
Because she was listening to the news on the radio, Mrs. Schultz didn't perceive a word her husband was saying. Her experience best illustrates
a)
gate-control theory.
b)
choice blindness.
c)
selective attention.
d)
opponent-process theory.
77.
Although Manuel was sitting right next to his parents, he smelled a skunk minutes before they did. Apparently, Manuel has a lower ________ for skunk odor than his parents have.
a)
accommodation level
b)
absolute threshold
c)
tolerance level
d)
adaptation level
78.
Which cells for visual processing are located closest to the back of the retina?
a)
bipolar cells
b)
ganglion cells
c)
rods and cones
d)
feature detectors
79.
Given normal sensory abilities, a person standing atop a mountain on a dark, clear night can see a candle flame atop a mountain 30 miles away. This is a description of vision's:
a)
Difference threshold
b)
Just noticeable difference 
c)
Absolute threshold
d)
Signal threshold
80.
The rate of the neural impulse traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone, enabling you to sense it’s pitch. 
a)
Place Theory
b)
Frequency theory
c)
volley principle
81.
lstates that groups of neurons of the auditory system respond to a sound by firing action potentials slightly out of phase with one another so that when combined, a greater frequency of sound can be encoded and sent to the brain to be analyzed.
a)
place theory
b)
frequency theory
c)
volley principle
82.
When you are trying out a new food and trying to determine the taste & flavor, you are using this process
a)
bottom-up
b)
top-down
c)
difference threshold
d)
selective attention
83.
Noticing a stimulus at least 50% of the time is which of the following?
a)
sensation
b)
perception
c)
absolute threshold
d)
difference threshold
84.
The effect of prior experience and current expectations on perception best illustrates the importance of
a)
accomodation
b)
transduction
c)
top-down processing
d)
bottom-up processing
85.
The cones of the eye help us see
a)
color
b)
low light
c)
black and white
d)
ice cream
86.
You are at a party at a banquet hall.  Even though everyone around is talking, you can hear and understand the person you are having a conversation with.   It is as if you can block out all the other conversations.  Psychologists would call this ability: 
a)
difference threshold
b)
selective attention
c)
absolute threshold
d)
sensory adaptation
87.
Which "structure" of the eye can only detect black, white and gray?
a)
cones
b)
rods
c)
optic nerve
d)
retina
88.
Process of converting a sensory input into a neural impulse; for vision this occurs in the retina
a)
convergence
b)
distraction
c)
transduction
d)
threshold
89.

The place in the eye where the optic nerve meets is known as the ______.

a)

fovea

b)

blind spot

c)

optic chiasm

d)

optic nerve

90.
Which of the following argued that emotion is made up first of physiological arousal followed immediately by emotional experience?
a)
James-Lange Theory
b)
Cannon-Bard Theory
c)
Schachter-Two Factor Theory
d)
Zajonc and LeDoux Theory
91.
Which theory argued that physiological arousal and subjective emotional experience happen simultaneously?
a)
James-Lange Theory
b)
Cannon-Bard Theory
c)
Schachter Two-Factor Theory
d)
Lazarus Theory
92.
The image here best relates to which theory of emotion?
a)
James-Lange Theory
b)
Cannon-Bard Theory
c)
Schachter Two-Factor Theory
d)
Lazarus Theory
93.
The spillover effect notes that when physiologically aroused, we often take-on the emotional label of the people or events around us. This best supports which theory of emotion?
a)
James-Lange Theory
b)
Cannon-Bard Theory
c)
Schachter Two-Factor Theory
d)
No Theory Explains This
94.
Which of the following components of the nervous system is primarily responsible for the physiological arousal associated with an acute emotional response?
a)
Somatic Nervous System
b)
Sympathetic Nervous System
c)
Parasympathetic Nervous System
d)
Motor Nervous System
95.
"Rest and digest" is most associated with which aspect of the nervous system?
a)
Sympathetic Nervous System
b)
Motor Nervous System
c)
Parasympathetic Nervous System
d)
Afferent Nervous System
96.
You are walking down a dark alley late at night.  You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to   tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens.  Due to these physiological changes, your body prepares for a fearful situation.  You then experience fear.
a)
Cannon Bard
b)
James Lange
c)
2 Factor
97.
You are walking down a dark alley late at night.  You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to   tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens.  At the same time as these physiological   changes occur you also experience the emotion of fear
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
98.
You are walking down a dark alley late at night.  You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to   tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens.  Upon noticing this arousal you realize that   is comes from the fact that you are walking down a dark alley by yourself.  This behavior is dangerous   and therefore you feel the emotion of fear
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
99.
When students perceive the arousal that accompanies test-taking as energizing rather than debilitating,   they   experience much less anxiety
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
100.
There are subtle differences in physical responses like finger temperature and facial muscles change during fear, rage and joy
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
101.
The arousal that lingers after an intense argument may intensify attraction to your spouse.
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
102.
An emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
103.
Tranquilizing drugs that inhibit sympathetic nervous system activity often reduce people's subjective   experience of intense anxiety
a)
James Lange
b)
Cannon Bard
c)
2 Factor
104.
After awaking from a coma, Jill can not remember the last year.  She has ____ amnesia.
a)
retrograde
b)
anterograde
c)
infantile
d)
Alzheimer's
105.
After getting an infection, Bob is unable to form new memories.  Bob has ___ amnesia.
a)
retrograde
b)
anterograde
c)
infantile
d)
alzheimers
106.
Henrietta has no memory from before the age of 3.
a)
retrograde
b)
anterograde
c)
infantile
d)
dementia
107.
The type of memory used when tying your shoe.
a)
episodic
b)
semantic
c)
procedural
d)
declarative
108.
.... occurs when you forget something you have already learnt because you are learning something new. In other words, new learning interferes with older learning.
a)
Retroactive interference
b)
Proactive interference
109.
....... occurs when you cannot learn a new task because of old learning – so something you have already learnt is interfering with your ability to learn something new. 
a)
Retroactive interference
b)
Proactive interference
110.
Being unable to learn how to play the violin because you play the piano.
Is what type of inteference?
a)
Proactive interference
b)
Retroactive interference
111.
You have forgotten how to ride a bike because you have been learning how to skateboard.
Is what type of interference?
a)
Proactive interference
b)
Retroactive interference
112.
A friend gives you her new phone number – 2 weeks later you find you ring her using her old number.
Is what type of interference?
a)
Proactive interference
b)
Retroactive interference
113.
According to interference theory
a)
forgetting is due to ineffective encoding
b)
forgetting happens over time
c)
forgetting happens due to competition from other material
d)
the events that occur during the retention interval do not affect forgetting
114.
A ________ measure requires subjects to reproduce information on their own without any cues.
a)
recognition
b)
recall 
c)
relearning
d)
reiteration
115.
You can learn material more effectively by relating the information to
a)
hypnotic suggestions
b)
famous world events
c)
your own life and experience
d)
similar material you have read
116.
The basic tenet of the ________ theory of forgetting is that if you fail to use a memory, over time its brain trace will fade.
a)
interference
b)
retrograde
c)
decay
d)
anterograde
117.
Encoding information by it's meaning to us
a)
semantic
b)
echoic 
c)
iconic
d)
chunking
118.
MEHS, LOL, NASA, and NKOTB (New Kids On The Block) are all examples of 
a)
an acrostic sentence
b)
acronyms
c)
method of loci
d)
peg boarding
119.
Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally to help you remember the order of processes in math is an example of 
a)
an acronym
b)
an acrostic sentence
c)
method of loci
d)
word association
120.
Taking this practice quiz a two times, but not mastering it, is an example of 
a)
rehearsal
b)
overlearning
c)
spacing 
d)
overcoming the serial position effect
121.
Suppose Tamika looks up a number in the telephone book. After getting a busy signal, a minute or so later she tries to call again—but has already forgotten the number! This example illustrates the limited duration of _________ memory.
a)
sensory
b)
short-term
c)
echoic
d)
implicit
122.
“The best place to take your biology exam to ensure good retrieval of biology concepts is in the same classroom where the material was learned.” This statement best reflects ________.
a)
context-dependent learning
b)
mood-congruent memory
c)
the serial position effect
d)
the primacy effect
123.

Memory is defined as..

a)

An active information-processing system that recieves, stores and recovers information.

b)

Thoughts experienced previously in ones life.

c)

The mental faculty of retaining and recalling past experience.

d)

The act or an instance of remembering; recollection

e)

The act or an instance memorising and forgetting

124.

Incoming sensory information must go through this sequence in order to be remembered:

a)

Storage, encoding, retrieval.

b)

Retrieval, encoding, storage.

c)

Encoding, storage, retrieval

d)

Storage, retrieval, encoding

e)

None of all

125.

The duration of short-term memory is approximately:

a)

18-20 seconds

b)

One to two minutes

c)

Three to four hours

d)

30 to 40 seconds

e)

2-4 seconds

126.

Suppose that you call the information operator to find a friend's phone number. When you dial your friend's number, you get a busy signal. Later, when you start to dial the number again, you realize you have forgotten it. This experience probably occurred because the phone number was only temporarily stored in your

a)

short-term memory

b)

long-term memory

c)

sensory register

d)

none of the above

127.

Working memory is a special function of....

a)

the sensory register

b)

short-term memory

c)

long-term memory

d)

any of the above

128.

Which theory suggests that forgetting is caused by a fading memory trace?

a)

schema theory

b)

repression

c)

decay theory

d)

interference theory

129.

Mike thinks of himself as a good fisherman. His friends have noticed that every time he tells the story about the "big one" he caught a few years ago, he seems to remember the fish as larger and larger, and the experience as more and more dramatic. Mike's behavior is consistent with which theory of forgetting?

a)

decay

b)

interference

c)

schema

d)

repression

130.

The vivid recall of a negative emotional experience is called a

a)

flashbulb memory

b)

flashback

c)

reconstructive flash

d)

none of the above

131.
Preoperational, concrete, sensorimotor, formal operational
a)
David Crystal’s stages
b)
Stages of grammatical growth
c)
Scaffolding
d)
Stages of cognitive development
132.

He came to the conclusion that children’s minds are not blank slates to be filled by imitating language they hear in the environment.

a)

Jerome Bruner

b)

Noam Chomsky

c)

Stephen Krashen

d)

Jeremy Harmer

133.

Children need to hear sentences that they can understand without knowing a lot about the language they’re trying to learn. This view can be refered to that

a)

the language needs to be useful for a kid.

b)

the language has to be meaningful for the child.

c)

the language must be adaptable for toddlers.

134.
This nativist theorist proposed that humans are equipped with an innate language acquisition device.
a)
Gerd Gigerenzer
b)
Daniel Kahneman
c)
Steven Pinker
d)
Noam Chomsky
135.
This famous behaviorist argued that language development depends on learning and conditioning.
a)
B. F. Skinner
b)
Noam Chomsky
c)
Amos Tversky
d)
Herbert Simon
136.
Hypothesized that language determines the way we think (linguistic determinism)
a)
Wolfgang Kohler
b)
Robert Sternberg
c)
Noam Chomsky
d)
Benjamin Whorf
137.

Who first proposed that children are born with an innate capacity for language?

a)

B.F. Skinner

b)

Noam Chomsky

c)

Benjamin Whorf

d)

George Miller

138.
8 Stages of Psychosocial Development
a)
Ivan Pavlov
b)
Erik Erikson
c)
Carl Rogers
d)
William James
139.
Id, ego, superego
a)
S. Freud
b)
Ann Freud
c)
Carl Jung
d)
Carl Rogers
140.
Operant Conditioning
a)
Ivan Pavlov
b)
B.F. Skinner
c)
Erik Erikson
d)
Abraham Maslow
141.
Cognitive Development
a)
Piaget
b)
Freud
c)
Erikson
d)
Gardner
142.
Moral Development
a)
Loftus
b)
Piaget
c)
Kohlberg
d)
Lev Vygotsky