WorksheetsAP Biology Midterm Review
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
2.
what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as North America
3.
Darwin theorized that individuals having an advantage due to their traits or abilities will be more likely to survive and reproduce. This theory is known as
a)
evolution
b)
speciation
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
4.
Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
a)
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
b)
The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest.
c)
The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
d)
Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.
5.
Feature shared by two or more organisms because they are descended from a common ancestor.
a)
Homology
b)
Synapomorphy
c)
Symplesiomorphy
d)
Homoplasy
6.
Which Hardy-Weinberg equation represents the genotype frequencies in a population?
a)
p + q = 1
b)
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
c)
p2 + pq2 + q2 = 1
d)
p + 2pq + q3 = 1
7.
What does an exergonic reaction do with energy?
a)
Releases Energy
b)
Stores Energy
8.
What is the water potential of an open beaker of water with 0.5M of glucose in it? Temp = 35C
a)
- 154
b)
-25.6
c)
- 12.8
d)
-0.04
9.
What is the water potential of a solution with 0.5 molar concentration of NaCl in 45 degrees C with 2 bar of pressure?
a)
- 26.4
b)
- 24.4
c)
- 28.4
d)
24.4
10.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of a stable, non-evolving population in Hardy-Weinberg
a)
the population is small
b)
there is no migration in or out of the population
c)
there is no natural selection in the population
d)
mating in the population is random
11.
Genetic variation ____.
a)
is created by the direct action of natural selection
b)
arises in response to changes in the environment
c)
must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the population
d)
tends to be reduced by when diploid organisms produce gametes
12.
Which letter represents the activation energy of a non-catalyzed reaction?
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
13.
Which of the following is the process used to bond the monomers together?
a)
Hydrolysis
b)
Water Removal
c)
Dehydration Synthesis
d)
Water Synthesis
14.
A liquid with a pH of 4 is _x more concentrated in H+ than a liquid with a pH of 6.
a)
10
b)
100
c)
1,000
d)
10,000
15.
Which are enzymes?
a)
simple carbohydrates
b)
proteins that speed up chemical reactions
c)
lipids that make up the cell membrane
d)
a building block of DNA
16.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleic acids
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
17.
A horse and a donkey can successfully mate to produce offspring known as a mule. Mules are sterile . Would mules be classified as a species?
a)
Yes, mules have enough of their own traits to be considered a species.
b)
Yes, the fact that have different number of chromosomes makes them a different species
c)
No, mules are too similar to the parent species
d)
No, due to their inability to reproduce successfully.
18.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active tranport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
19.
Build complicated molecules
a)
catabolism
b)
anabolism
20.
The Endosymbiotic Theory suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved when an ancient cell engulfed another, forming a permanent symbiotic relationship. Choose the evidence that best justifies this claim.
a)
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts perform energy functions
b)
Eukaryotic cells have many mitochondria
c)
Eukaryotic cells have traits in common with archaea
d)
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular loops of unique DNA
21.
What type of transport is shown in the picture?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
22.
The process used to split polymers; this is done by adding water
a)
Dehydration
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Enzomatic
d)
Tetratonic
23.
What keeps this plant cell from bursting?
a)
the cell wall
b)
it's vacuole
c)
the membrane
d)
the nucleus
24.
Which way would the purple molecules move through the semi-permeable membrane?
a)
From the A side to the B-side
b)
From the B side to the A side
c)
none of the purple molecules would move
d)
they would move equally back and forth in a state of dynamic equilibrium
25.
At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
26.
When a molecule can occupy the same active site as the substrate, a situation called __________________ can result
a)
Competitive lnhibition
b)
Allosteric Regulation
c)
Non-Competitive Inhibition
d)
Feedback Inhibition
27.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
28.
Which of the following is correct about water?
a)
it is a polar molecule and contains polar bonds
b)
it is a polar molecule and contains non-polar bonds
c)
it is a non-polar molecule and contains polar bonds
d)
it is a non-polar molecule and contains non-polar bonds
29.
If a hospital patient is mistakenly given an IV of pure water instead of a saline solution that is isotonic to blood, the patient’s red blood cells will
a)
shrink and collapse
b)
release water to the plasma along its concentration gradient
c)
absorb water from the plasma and eventually burst
d)
transport equal amounts of water across the cell membrane in both directions
30.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
31.
Which organelles modifies proteins and packages them into vesicles to be shipped out of the cell?
a)
free ribosomes
b)
rough ER
c)
smooth ER
d)
golgi apparatus
32.
Which of the following is major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?
a)
evolutionary progression in cell size; more primitive cells have smaller sizes.
b)
the need for sufficient surface area to support the cell's metabolic needs.
c)
limitation on the strength and integrity of the plasma membrane as cell size increases
d)
the difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
33.
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
a)
a plasma membrane
b)
DNA
c)
an endoplasmic reticulum
d)
ribosomes
34.
Which organelles modifies proteins and packages them into vesicles to be shipped out of the cell?
a)
free ribosomes
b)
rough ER
c)
smooth ER
d)
golgi apparatus
35.
What are the reactants for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and lactic acid
b)
water and glucose
c)
carbon dioxide and water
d)
glucose and oxygen
36.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
mitochondrial matrix
b)
cytoplasm
c)
inner membrane of mitochondria
d)
outer membrane of mitochondria
37.
Which property makes water molecules stick to other water molecules?
a)
adhesion
b)
cohesion
c)
capillary action
d)
polarity
38.
Carbohydrates are made of...
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
39.
Is this hydrocarbon saturated or unsaturated?
a)
saturated
b)
unsaturated
40.
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reciprocation?
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Pepysis
d)
Oxidation
41.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
42.
Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
they are all the same
43.
A lab tech performed a routine RBC count. The cells appeared shriveled and were difficult to count. What was wrong with the cell storage solution.
a)
It was hypertonic
b)
It was hypotonic
c)
It was isotonic
44.
If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
a)
hypertonic-
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
45.
Water will move?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Neither into or out of the cell
46.
What affects Enzyme activity?
a)
Nothing
b)
Temperature, Environment, Diet
c)
Temperature,Activators, Ph levels, Inhibitors
d)
Cataylst and Substrate
47.
The idea that evolution seems to occur in spurts of time.
a)
stabilizing selection
b)
directional selection
c)
disruptive selection
d)
puntuated equilibrium
48.
If a molecule passes through a protein, but goes down a gradient, it is called
a)
active transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
exocytosis
49.
Identify the functional group:
a)
steroid
b)
phosphate
c)
carbonyl
d)
carboxyl
50.
The emergence of a new species.
a)
genetic drift
b)
extinction
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
51.
Difference in location or timing of mating, leading to speciation.
a)
geographic isolation
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
punctuated equilibrium
d)
speciation
52.
Which of these is true about how photosynthesis and respiration are related
a)
photosynthesis stores energy, Respiration releases it
b)
respiration stores energy and photosynthesis releases energy
c)
photosynthesis and respiration are the same
d)
photosynthesis and respiration are not related
53.
Which of the following is an example of gene flow?
a)
A subordinate wolf successfully challenges the alpha male and mates with pack females
b)
A deer picks up spores from a plant as it grazes and deposits them next to that plant.
c)
A young stallion is driven out of its herd by the alpha stallion and begins its own herd in another location
d)
All of these answers
54.
The homozygous recessive phenotype in a population occurs at a 53% frequency. What is the frequence of the dominant allele?
a)
.53
b)
.73
c)
.27
d)
1
55.
A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years, the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what happened?
a)
The herbicide company lost its triazine formula and started selling poor-quality triazine.
b)
Natural selection caused the pigweed to mutate, creating a new triazine-resistant species.
c)
Triazine-resistant pigweed has less-efficient photosynthesis metabolism.
d)
Triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and reproduce.
56.
Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has rebounded to over 30,000 they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted. Which agent of change is this ?
a)
Genetic Drift
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Gene Flow
d)
Mutation
57.
Hardy Weinberg: Within a population of butterflies, the color brown (B) is dominant over the color white (b). And, 40% of all butterflies are white. What is the % (frequency) of heterozygotes in the population?
a)
47%
b)
37%
c)
13%
d)
63%
58.
What is the rate of respiration for germinating corn at 12 degrees C between 10 and 20 minutes?
a)
0.4 ml O2 consumed per minute
b)
0.8 ml O2 consumed per minute
c)
0.04 O2 consumed per minute
d)
0.08 O2 consumed per minute
59.
What makes up a protein?
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Disaccharide
d)
Fatty Acid
60.
A newly identified organism has four limbs and amniotic eggs with shells. Which organism do they most likely share a common ancestor with?
a)
ray-finned fish
b)
birds
c)
rodents
d)
amphibians
61.
Using the cladogram: a common ancestor of amphibians and ray-finned fish would have
a)
a bony skeleton
b)
four limbs
c)
scaly skin
d)
eggs with shells
62.
Which Hardy-Weinberg factor represents the frequency of heterozygous individuals in a population?
a)
p2
b)
2pq
c)
q2
d)
p2 + 2pq
63.
You might think of me as the trash collector, but recycler is maybe more accurate. What am I?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
lysosome
c)
vacuole
d)
ribosome
64.
Where are proteins made?
a)
Golgi body
b)
Mitoichondrion
c)
Chromosomes
d)
Ribosomes
65.
What is the predominant pathway for a protein that is manufactured to be secreted from a cell?
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum →Golgi Apparatus→Vesicle
b)
Golgi Apparatus→Lysosome→Vacuole
c)
Nucleus→Endoplasmic Reticulum→Plasma Membrane
d)
Vacuole→Lysosome→Mitochondria
66.
A hypertonic solution has a _____ concentration of solute than the interior of the cell and a cell will ______ when placed into this solution.
a)
lower; shrink
b)
lower; swell
c)
higher; shrink
d)
higher; swell
67.
What is the name of this molecule?
a)
amino acid
b)
nucleotide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
triglyceride
68.
The lower the pH, the greater the concentration of :
a)
OH-
b)
H+
69.
Which of the following contains a carboxyl and an amino group?
a)
amino acid
b)
fat
c)
sugar
d)
glucose
e)
All of the above.
70.
The storage form of carbohydrates is ________ in animals and ________ in plants.
a)
starch; glycogen
b)
glycogen; starch
c)
cellulose; glycogen
d)
glycogen; cellulose
e)
cellulose; chitin
71.
Movement of materials from high to low concentration through a protein channel.
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
72.
Solutes move with the concentration gradient, therefore no energy is used.
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
73.
How do enzymes speed up chemical reaction?
a)
Increasing activation energy
b)
Decreasing activation energy
c)
Increasing deactivation energy
d)
Decreasing deactivation energy
74.
Which of the following explains why carbon has its unique properties?
a)
It is highly electronegative and attracts the electrons of other atoms
b)
It only forms nonpolar bonds, allowing it to form a large number of biological molecules
c)
It has 4 available valence electrons for bonding, allowing it to form a variety of biological molecules
d)
It can change its conformation readily by forming new hydrogen bonds .
75.
Reproductive isolation results in...
a)
reduction of gene flow
b)
adaptation
c)
natural selection
d)
mutation
100 %
