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3. Genetics - Punnett Squares

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?

a)

100% BB

b)

75% BB and 25%Bb

c)

50 % BB and 50% Bb

d)

50% Bb and 50% bb

2.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
3.
Squidward has light blue skin, and his genotype for this trait is Bb. Would Squidward be considered a purebred or hybrid for light blue skin?
a)
Purebred
b)
Hybrid
4.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
5.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
6.

What is a phenotype?

a)

The genetic make up (code)

b)

The physical trait

7.

The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.

a)

heredity

b)

trait

c)

gene

d)

allele

8.

Having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).

a)

homozygous

b)

hetrozygous

c)

hybrid

d)

chromosome

9.

Having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).

a)

genotype

b)

homozygous

c)

heterozygous

d)

phenotype

10.

Magda is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Magda most likely inherit?

a)

height

b)

the scar

c)

ability to swim

d)

ability to play drums

11.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
12.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
13.

Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?

a)

50% tall and 50% short

b)

75% tall and 25% short

c)

100% short

d)

100% tall

14.
Which answer best describes codominant alleles?
a)
Both are equally dominant
b)
Both are equally recessive
c)
Neither are dominant or recessive
15.
What is the percentage of offspring that have green pods?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
16.
What percentage of the offspring in the punnett square are shown as a hybrid?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
17.
What is the phenotype of the heterozygous parent in the punnett square?
a)
green
b)
yellow
c)
hybrid
d)
purebred
18.
In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?
The B stands for bud.
a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
19.

W=white hair

w= non-white hair

If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what is the ratio of the offspring's phenotype?

a)

1 white : 1 non white

b)

3 white : 4 non white

c)

1 white : 2 non white

d)

4 white : 0 non white

20.

R=round seed

r=wrinkled seed.

Cross a homozygous round seed with a wrinkled seed. Which statement predicts the results?

a)

all offspring will be Rr

b)

all offspring will be RR

c)

round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled

d)

wrinkled seed will be observed in half of offspring

21.
Pea plants can have green or yellow seeds. In a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds masks the effects of the allele of green seeds. Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow seeds?
a)
codominant
b)
recessive
c)
dominant
d)
sex-linked
22.
A human usually has _____ total chromosomes.
a)
6
b)
22
c)
4
d)
46
23.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
24.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
25.
What type of chromosomal abnormality do people with Down Syndrome have? 
a)
trisomy 21
b)
monosomy 21
c)
recessive inheritance
d)
dominant inheritance
26.
What determines gender in humans? 
a)
the X and Y chromosome
b)
chromosome 21
c)
codominance
d)
epistasis
27.

One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

a)

allele

b)

gene

c)

trait

d)

DNA

28.
Complex molecules which make up structures and carry out functions of an organism
a)
protein
b)
chromosome
c)
DNA
d)
gene
29.
A single piece of coiled DNA found in the cells; contains genes that encode traits.
a)
gene
b)
chromosome
c)
trait
d)
DNA
30.
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes
a)
protein
b)
trait
c)
DNA
d)
gene
31.

If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotype ratio?

a)

1 TT : 3 Tt

b)

3 TT : 1 Tt

c)

1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt

d)

2 TT : 2 Tt

32.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
33.
A corn plant heterozygous for tall sprouts mates with a corn plant with short sprouts. If tall sprouts are dominant, how many different phenotypes are possible in the offspring?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
34.

Snapdragon flowers come in red, pink and white. What type of inheritance is this?

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

35.

The gender of a human offspring is determined by ______________________.

a)

the mother

b)

the father

c)

the mother and the father

d)

by the environment

36.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
37.
Term for homozygous organisms that display two dominant phenotypes at the same time
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
linked genes
38.

This scientist studied pea plants and was considered to be the "Father of Genetics".

a)

Reginald Punnett

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

James Watson

39.

Which of the following is the best definition for heredity?

a)

Heredity is the passing of particles from high concentration to low concentration.

b)

Heredity explains how DNA copies itself.

c)

Heredity is the passing of traits from parent to offspring.

d)

Heredity is the forming of clones.

40.

Segments of DNA that code for specific traits are referred to as:

a)

RNA

b)

genes

c)

DNA splicing

d)

Chromosome

41.

The physical appearance of an organisms is also referred to as:

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

chromosome

d)

incomplete dominance

42.

A human sex cell contains:

a)

46 chromosomes

b)

23 chromosomes

c)

46 pair chromosomes

d)

20 chromosomes

43.
This image shows a...
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Phenotype
c)
Genotype
d)
Dominant allele
44.
What does a Punnett Square help you do?
a)
Determine the ratio of phenotypes
b)
Determine the ratio of genotypes
c)
Predict possible traits the offspring will have
d)
All of the above
45.
Another word for homozygous is...
a)
purebred
b)
hybrid
c)
heterozygous
d)
dominant
46.

Dominant alleles are shown as-

a)

capital letters

b)

lowercase letters

c)

both

d)

neither

47.

Recessive alleles shown as-

a)

capital letters

b)

lowercase letters

c)

both

d)

neither

48.

Purple is dominant to white. A heterozygous purple flower is crossed with a white flower. What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

a)

100% Pp (purple)

b)

50% Pp (purple); 50% pp (white)

c)

75% Pp (purple); 25% pp (white)

d)

25% PP (purple), 50% Pp (purple), 25% pp (white)

49.
If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?
a)
TT
b)
Tt
c)
tt
d)
tT
50.
What is the genotype for this organism?
(E= 3 eyes, e= 1 eye)
a)
EE
b)
Ee
c)
ee
d)
EE or Ee
51.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
52.
B - black, b - brown.  Two black mice mate and have some black and some brown mice.  What is the genotype of the parents?
a)
BB x Bb
b)
BB x bb
c)
Bb x Bb
d)
Bb x bb
53.

If the four existing children in a family are all sons, what chance would there be that the next child would also be a son?

a)

75%

b)

50%

c)

25%

d)

100%

54.
Factors for different traits separate independently of one another during the formation of gmaetes
a)
Principle of segregation
b)
Principle of independent assortment
c)
Law of recessiveness
d)
Law of dominance
55.

Some forms of a gene or a trait are dominant over other traits; one factor or one gene for a trait may hide the other factor

a)

Principle of recessiveness

b)

Principle of dominance

c)

Law of segregation

d)

Law of independent assortment

56.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
57.

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of

a)

cytosine

b)

guanine

c)

thymine

58.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
59.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
60.
The drawing shows the structure of what molecule?
a)
A DNA molecule
b)
A lipid molecule
c)
A carbohydrate molecule
d)
A protein molecule
61.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
62.
Mary is heterozygous. If F for freckles, and f is for no freckles, what is Mary's phenotype?
a)
Freckles
b)
No Freckles
c)
A few Freckles
d)
One Freckle
63.
Chris is homozygous dominant. If W for widow's peak, and w is for no widow's peak, what is Chris' phenotype?
a)
Widow's Peak
b)
No Widow's Peak
c)
A small Widow's Peak
d)
Not enough information
64.
Chris is homozygous dominant. If W for widow's peak, and w is for no widow's peak, what is Chris' genotype?
a)
WW
b)
ww
c)
Ww
d)
wW
65.

What plant did Gregor Mendel use in his study of genetics?

a)

potatoes

b)

peas

c)

pumpkins

d)

pomogranate

66.
A female is born with attached earlobes, which is a recessive phenotype.  Which of the following genotypes could her parents have?
a)
RR and RR
b)
Rr and RR
c)
Rr and rr
d)
RR and rr
67.

DNA molecule segment is : TGACCA

The mutated DNA segment is TGAGCA. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

68.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

69.

What is NOT true of Mutations?

a)

They are ALWAYS harmful

b)

Lead to genetic variation

c)

Caused by environmental factors

d)

Caused by errors in DNA replication

70.

Why are mutations important?

a)

They bring about genetic variation that is needed for a population to evolve.

b)

They bring about death in the organism in which they develop.

c)

They bring about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

d)

They bring about benefits for the individual, but not for the population

71.

Original: ATC CAT

Mutation: ATC GCAT

What mutation occurred?

a)

deletion

b)

insertion

c)

substitution

d)

transverse

72.
What type of mutation occurs, when a base is subtracted from the sequence? 
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Substitution 
73.

The chromosome mutation in this picture is known as _________.

a)

inversion

b)

deletion

c)

translocation

d)

duplication

74.

The chromosome mutation in this picture is known as _________.

a)

inversion

b)

deletion

c)

insertion

d)

duplication

75.

The chromosome mutation in this picture is known as _________.

a)

inversion

b)

deletion

c)

duplication

d)

translocation

76.

The chromosome mutation in this picture is known as _________.

a)

inversion

b)

deletion

c)

duplication

d)

translocation

77.

In what disorder does a person have an extra copy for chromosome 21?

a)

Down's Syndrome

b)

Turner's Syndrome

c)

Edward's Syndrome

d)

Cri du chat

78.

On a karyotype, a female with Turner Syndrome is indicated by which set of sex chromosomes?

a)

XYY

b)

XXY

c)

XXX

d)

X

79.
On a karyotype, a male with Klinefelter's Syndrome is indicated by which set of sex chromosomes?
a)
XYY
b)
XXY
c)
XXX
d)
XO
80.

How many pairs of chromosomes are usually found in human body cells?

a)

46

b)

2

c)

23

d)

123,997

81.

Which pair of chromosomes carry the genes that determine sex in humans?

a)

Pair 1

b)

Pair 46

c)

Pair 13

d)

Pair 23

82.

Fragile X

a)

causes cognitive impairment

b)

occurs on the X chromosome

c)

causes learning disabilities

d)

all of these are characteristics of Fragile X

83.

A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?

a)

100% BB

b)

75% BB and 25%Bb

c)

50 % BB and 50% Bb

d)

50% Bb and 50% bb

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