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WorksheetsLong Exam 2 in Genetics
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 14mins
Which sequence of events occurs in the process of making genetically modified bacteria?
Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells
Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene
Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells → Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene
Growth of transformed bacterial cells → Extraction of required gene → Insertion of plasmid into bacterial cells
What is transferred from one organism to another in the process of genetic engineering?
bases
enzymes
DNA
RNA
What is the name of the structure found in bacterial cells into which genes can be inserted?
Protein
Plasmid
Nucleus
Ribosome
What is the biological role of restriction enzymes?
Aid in recombinant DNA research
Make bacteria resistant to antibiotics
Degrade foreign DNA that enters a bacterium
Cleave DNA at or near specific sequence of bases
In the laboratory, how will recombinant plasmids are commonly introduced into bacterial cells?
Microinjection
Infection with a bacteriophage that carries the plasmid
Mixing plasmids with an extract of broken cells
Heat shock of the cells incubated with plasmid DNA
What is the DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources?
GMO
Mutant
Recombinant DNA
Complementary DNA
Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing recombinant DNA?
Use a restriction enzyme to cut DNA
Cut out a piece of DNA from a DNA molecule
Read the sequences of bases in a piece of DNA
Insert a piece of DNA from one organism into the DNA of another organism
To produce a bacterium that make insulin, which of the following steps did scientists have to take first?
Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid
Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture
Use a restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene from human DNA
Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid
DNA from a human has been inserted into bacterial plasmid and reinserted back into the bacterium. The bacterium now contains both human DNA and bacterial DNA. The bacterium is now considered a _________.
Mutant
Clone
PCR Product
Transgenic Organism
Which of the following is NOT an argument in favor of GMOs?
Reduced biodiversity
Disease-resistant Crops
Food with Extra Nutrients
Controlled Production of Insulin
What is most likely an application of using DNA recombinant technology in helping environmental scientists would be?
Use PCR to analyze DNA at a crime scene
Create a tobacco plant that glows in the dark
Clone the gene for human growth hormone to treat pituitary dwarfism
Make transgenic bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills more quickly than do the natural bacteria
Which of the following do NOT belongs to the group?
Glowing Rabbits
Naked Chicken
Enviro Pigs
Golden Rice
Fill in the blanks. Golden Rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated genes from _____ and ______ are meant for biosynthesis of ______.
Daffodil, E. coli, Vitamin B
Chrysanthemum, Salmonella, beta-carotene
Chrysanthemum, Salmonella, Vitamin C
Daffodil, E. coli, Beta-carotene
Click all the organisms that are selectively bred.
Belgian Blue
Flavr Savr
Champion Race Horses
Bt Corn
Naked Chicken
What is this type of selective breeding where two individuals with unlikely characteristics are crossed to produce the organism with desired traits?
Artificial Selection
Hybridization
Cloning
Gene Splicing
What was the first animal successfully cloned?
Dog
Goat
Rat
Sheep
What is the gene involved that triggers the naked chicken to be featherless?
Featherless gene
Scaleless gene
GFP gene
PSY gene
Super Salmon is a transgenic organism that grows super fast as compared a non-transgenic salmon. Where is the gene involved to this fast-growing salmon came from?
A rapidly replicating bacteria
Fish growing in cold season
Fish growing in warm season
A jellyfish from Pacific Ocean
Enviro-pigs are genetically-engineered to produce the enzyme phytase in its salivary glands to enable more effective digestion of phytate, coming from the _______ found in pig feed ingredients like corn and soybeans.
Potassium
Calcium
Selenium
Phosphorus
To make the recombinant plasmid permeable to DNA molecules, which of the chemicals is added?
MgCl2
CaCl2
NaCl
HCl
In which stage of genetic engineering a probe is used?
Cleaving DNA using restriction enzymes
Recombining DNA
Transformation of bacteria
Isolation through screening
A repeating DNA sequence at the end of chromosomes that prevents them from losing base pair sequences at their ends and from fusing together is called:
tRNA
Telomere
5' cap
Poly-A tail
The enzyme that creates a short RNA oligonucleotide at initiation sites where replication is to be carried out is called:
Primase
DNA Ligase
DNA Gyrase
Exonuclease
Single Strand Binding Proteins
Because DNA polymerase III can only act from 5' to 3', continuous strand growth can be achieved only along one of the template strands (Leading strand) and strand growth along the other strand must occur discontinuously resulting in the production of a series of short sections of new DNA called:
RNA Primers
Lagging Strand
Okazaki Fragments
Discontinuing Strands
What is the major difference between the DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
replication is conservative in prokaryotes
DNA amylase performs the function of DNA helicase in prokaryotes
prokaryotes do not use Topoisomerase in the replication process
there is only one replication origin in prokaryotes.
The enzyme responsible for initiating the unwinding of double-stranded DNA (eliminating supercoiling) by nicking a single strand of the DNA molecule is:
Ligase
Helicase
Topoisomerase
Transferase
Polymerase
A series of 100 to 200 Adenine ribonucleotides that is added to the 3' end of the transcribed RNA molecule (pre-mRNA) that helps in the transportation of mRNA out of the nucleus is called:
Trailer
5' cap
Poly-A Tail
3' Tail
Sections of DNA within a gene that do not encode part of the protein that the gene produces are called :
Introns
Exons
Transposons
Interferons
The enzyme that forms a peptide bond between adjacent amino acids in the ribosome during translation is called :
Exonuclease
Peptidyl Transferase
Peptidase
Proteinase
Semi-conservative replication in DNA was first demonstrated in:
Streptococcus pnemoniae
Salmonella typhimurium
Escherichia coli
Drosophila melanogaster
When DNA replication starts?
The phosphodiester bonds between the adjacent nucleotides break
The bonds between nitrogen base and deoxyribose sugar break
The leading strand produces Okazaki fragments
Hydrogen bonds between two nucleotides break
Which of the following enzyme is responsible for making a DNA copy from RNA?
Reverse transcriptase
DNA polymerase
RNA Polymerase
Spliceosome
What amino acid sequence will be generated based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5' AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG 3'
MET-ARG-GLU-ARG-GLU-ARG
MET-GLU-ARG-ARG-GLN-LEU
MET-SER-LEU-SER-LEU-SER
MET-SER-SER-LEU-SER-LEU
A peptide has the sequence NH2-PHE-PRO-LYS-GLY-PHE-PRO-COOH. Which of the following sequences in the coding strand of the DNA could code for this peptide?
5' GGG-AAA-TTT-AAA-CCC-ACT-GGG
5' TTT-CCC-AAA-GGG-TTT-CCC
3' AUG-AAA-GGG-TTT-CCC-AAA-GGG
3' UUU-CCC-AAA-GGG-UUU-CCC
Some events that take place during the synthesis of a specific protein are listed below.
A. DNA polymerase produces complementary nucleotides.
B. SSBP prevent the strands from bonding.
C. Two identical copies of the DNA are produced.
D. Helicase unwinds the two DNA strands.
E. Primase creates a primer to mark the start of production of bases.
The correct order of these events is:
DEACB
DAECB
DBEAC
DBAEC
A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecule consists of a normal strand paired with numerous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?
Helicase
Transferase
Polymerase
Primase
DNA that results from replication consists of ___?
one molecule with two new strands and one molecule with the two original strands
two molecules that each contain one new strand and one original strand
two molecules composed of new strands
two molecules composed of old strands
If this strand, A A T G C C A G T, is replicated, which of the following is the complementary strand that is produced?
T C G T C C G T C
A G C A G G C A G
A G C A C C C A G
T T A C G G T C A
All the nucleotides contain each of the following EXCEPT
Pentose Sugar
Nitrogen Base
Amino Group
Hydrogren Bonds
Phosphates
The main function of the DNA is
basic component of proteins
carrier of hereditary information
carrier of amino acids in protein synthesis
principal energy molecules in cellular processes
It is a technique where in bad genes are replaced with healthy genes, what is this technique called?
Cloning
Gene Replacement
Gene Switch
Gene Theraphy
This method is used to fire DNA coated pellets on plant tissues.
Heat Shock
Electroporation
Biolistics
PCR
Which of the following statements is true regarding the discovery of the double helix?
Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray crystallography provided Watson and Crick with important data that helped determine the structure of DNA.
It was discovered that double-stranded DNA is a parallel molecule.
James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin were awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discovery of the double helix.
The experiments that led to the discovery of the double helix ultimately disproved Chargaff's rules regarding nitrogenous bases.
True or False. Brocolli. Cabbages. and Kale are GMOs.
TRUE
FALSE
True or False. GMOs are transgenic organisms
TRUE
FALSE
