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WorksheetsSports Science exam
Total questions: 86
Worksheet time: 3hrs 21mins
which is an example of unsaturated fat
coconut oil
full fat dairy products
canola oil
meat products
what is the chemical composition of a protein molecule
C, H, O and N
C, H and O (1:2:1) ratio
Glycerol and three fatty acids
H, N, and O
which of the following are macronutrients
water, lipid (fat), fibre, protein
Water, vitamins, minerals, protein
vitamins, minerals, protein
water, lipid, carbohydrate, protein
what are the major sites of triglyceride storage
adipose tissue and pancreas
skeletal muscle and liver
adipose tissue and liver
adipose tissue and blood
which nutrient has the most calories
protein
fat
carbs
fiber
what is the energy content per 100 g of carbohydrate molecule
1720 kj
1760 kj
4000 kj
600 kj
an athlete training for the olympic hockey team is going to eat a diet high in
protein and carbs
protein in fat
carbs and fat
fat and fiber
it is recommended that most people eat a diet consisting of no more than what percent from fat
10%
20%
30%
40%
what are the basic subunits of carbohydrates
polysaccharides
disaccharides
monosaccharides
trisaccharides
which of the following comprises that largest percentage of blood
plasma
Leucocytes
platlets
plasma
identify the blood cell that is correctly matched with its function
erythrocytes - blood clotting
leucocytes - immune response
erythrocytes - immune response
leucocytes - blood clotting
which chamber of the heart and major blood vessel are associated with pulmonary circulation
left ventricle and aorta
right ventricle and aorta
left ventricle and pulmonary artery
right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart will pass through the valves in which sequence
L AV valve -> L semi lunar valve -> Rsemi lunar valve -> R AV valve
R AV valve -> R semi lunar valve -> L semi lunar valve -> L AV valve
L semi lunar valve -> L AV valve -> R AV valve -> R semi lunar valve
R AV valve -> R semi lunar valve -> L AV valve -> L semi lunar valve
select the correct sequence of the wave of excitation of the heart contraction
SA node, purkinje fibers, AV node, bundle of his
AV node, purkinje fibres, AV node, bundle of his
SA node, AV node, bundle of his, purkinje fibres
AV node, SA node, bundle of his, purkinje fibres
what type of blood and main blood vessel the systemic and pulmonary circulatory systems are respectively
oxygenated, pulmonary vein, deoxygenated, aorta
deoxygenated, vena cava, oxygenated pulmonary vein
oxygenated, aorta, deoxygenated, pulmonary artery
deoxygenated, pulmonary artery, oxygenated vena cava
stroke volume is...
amount of blood pumped out of the heart per beat
amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute
product of heart rate times cardiac output
number of times the heart beats per minute
physiological adaptations resulting from regular, cardiovascular exercise may include
increased stroke volume, decreased resting heart rate, decreased cardiac output
increased stroke volume, increased resting heart rate, decreased cardiac output
increased stroke volume, decreased resting heart rate, unchanged cardiac output
decreased stroke volume, increased resting heart rate, unchanged cardiac output
cardiovascular drift can be best described as
an increase in heart rate to compensate for a drop in plasma volume
an increase in plasma volume due to a drop In heart rate
a decrease in heart rate due to a drop in plasma volume
no change in cardiac output due to the steady state of exercise
systolic and diastolic blood pressure refer to,
contraction of heart, ventricular refilling
ventricular refilling, contraction of the heart
total pressure requires to contract the heart
total time required to contract the heart
during isometric (static) exercise, what will occur to the systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Systolic - increase, Diastolic - remain the same
systolic - increase, diastolic - increase
systolic - remain the same, diastolic - remain the same
systolic - remain the same, diastolic - increase
which is a response that describes the redistribution of blood during exercise
toward skeletal muscle
towards vital organs
towards the brain
towards the kidneys
which of the following is not an expected adaptation resulting from the endurance exercise
increased ventricular volume
increased stroke volume
increased capillarization
increased atrial volume
what is systolic blood pressure
the pressure at the brachial artery when the ventricles relax
the pressure at the branchial artery when the ventricles contract
the pressure at the brachial artery when the atria aid the filling of the ventricles
the relationship between stroke volume and heart volume
which of the following causes an increase in cardiac output during exercise
an increase in stroke volume and an increase in heart rate
a decrease in stroke volume and an increase In heart rate
a decrease in stroke volume and a decrease in heart rate
an increase in stroke volume and a decrease in heart rate
what long term changes to the cardiovascular system will occur as a result of sustained aerobic training
increases resting heart rate
increased blood volume
increased risk of cardiovascular disease
reduced ventricular volume
which part of the heart can the SA node be found in
right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle
how is the vital capacity of the lungs best defined
the volume of air inspired and expired at rest
the volume of air which is inspired or expired in one minute
the maximum amount of air that a person can expel from the lungs from a position of full inspiration
the volume of air that can still be expired following normal expirations at rest
calculate the residual volume, in liters for a person with a total lung volume of 6.0 L, a vital capacity of 4.6 L and an expiratory reserve volume of 1.2 L
1.4 L
3.4 L
4.8 L
11.8 L
during inspiration the thoracic cavity would have a
large volume and high pressure
large volume and low pressure
small volume and high pressure
small volume and low pressure
the molecule which controls red blood cell production and the molecule which controls breathing rate are
oxygen and carbon monoxide
oxygen and carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide and oxygen
carbon and oxygen
what is not an attribute of the alveolar conditions that assist with gases exchange
large surface areas
large valves
large capillary networks
walls one cell thick
during inhalation (breathing in), what is the correct pathway taken by oxygen molecule
trachea - bronchus - bronchioles - alveoli
trachea - bronchioles - bronchus - trachea
trachea - bronchus - alveoli - bronchioles
alveoli - bronchioles - bronchus - trachea
what term is given to the volume of air remaining in the lungs after an individual has exhaled as much as possible
inspiratory reserve volume
tidal volume
expiratory reserve volume
residual volume
what is the maximal oxygen consumption
the maximum amount of oxygen that can be breathed in and out
the maximum volume of the lungs
the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can utilize
the relationship between the tidal volume and the rate of breathing
what is the function of the conducting airways
cool and moisten the air
high resistance for air flow
warm and moisten the air
gaseous exchange
what are the principle structures of the ventilatory systems
nose, pharynx, bronchioles, diaphragm
nose, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli
mouth, larynx, lungs, diaphragm
mouth, trachea, alveoli, ribs
what type of muscle contraction involves no change in the muscle length
isokinetic
isometric
concentric
eccentric
movement that increases the angle between articulating elements opening the joint
extension
flexion
inversion
eversion
making circular motions
abduction
adduction
circumduction
flexion
muscle that works opposite to return the joint to its original position
agonist
antagonist
both
neither
pain and stiffness felt in muscles the next day after working out is caused from
lactic acid
tearing of the muscle fibers
which of following treatment method would be best for DOMS
rigorous exercise
heat
foam roller
none of the above
which type of muscle contraction type is rare in sport
isometric
eccentric
isotonic
isokinetic
refers to muscle action in which the muscles force yields to the imposed load
eccentric
beccentric
concentric
decentric
which describes the movement of depression
a movement at a joint towards the midline of the body
movement at a joint in an inferior direction
movement at a joint away from the midline of the body
movement at a joint that would increase it's angles
what is the opposite of supination
progression
pronation
exaggeration
flexion
what are the 4 types of bones
long, short, flat, irregular
long, short, compact, spongy
compact, spongy, flat, irregular
flat, irregular, long, spongy
what are the ends and the shaft of the long bones called
foramen and medullary
epiphysis and diaphysis
diaphysis and foramen
epiphysis and medullary
what. best describes synovial joints
they permit no movement
they are freely moveable
they are tightly connected by cartilage
they permit only slight movement
which movement characteristics apply to cartilaginous joints
no observable movement
allow for expansion of skull
allow for a wide range of movement types
slight movements between intervertebral discs
which statement describes flat bones
complex and varied in shape, such as the vertebrae
the type of bones found in the skull and the shoulder blade
bones that are longer than they are wide
bones found in the wrist and ankle
what fluid filled sacs are associated with certain synovial joints
ligaments
bursae
articular capsule
synovial membrane
what types of joint is in the knee
saddle joint
pivot joint
hinge joint
gliding joint
which of the following bones has the movement of the body as its main function
fibula
skull
coccyx
sternum
what is the main function of the knee joint ligament
to secrete synovial fluid
to absorb shock
to help with joint stability
to provide a friction free environment
what term is used for the point of attachment of the muscle tendon to stationary bone
myofibril
sarcomere
origin
insertion
which of the following are characteristics of cardiac muscles
l. striated
ll. involuntary
lll. voluntary
l and ll
l and lll
ll and lll
l, ll and lll
what is the function of the axial skeleton
movement
support
protection
B and C only
ensuring a test does what it is suppose to is a measurement of
accuracy
specificity
reliability
validity
a substance that mirrors the real substance under investigation and makes people believe they are taking the real thing best illustrates which aspect of experimental design
control
placebo
randomization
blind
a subject has a variable level of motivation while completing multiple tests of the Cooper 12 min run. which aspect of experimental design is affected during the tests
randomization
blinding
specificity
reliability
which describes the purpose of a physical activity readiness questionnaire
to determine the intensity of the exercise
to determine perceived exertion
to determine readiness to engage in physical activity
to determine attitude to exercise
which of the following would be valid test for muscular endurance
1 minute sit ups
400 meter run
standing board jump
Harvard step test
identify the fitness test designed to measure muscular power
vertical jump
Illinois
hand ball toss
plyometrics
which fitness component is best described by the following definition: the ability to use strength quickly
speed
agility
strength
power
not using a muscle group resulting in atrophy would be considered
overload
specificity
periodization
reversibility
how is the Karvonen method best described
a rating of perceived exertion
a technique determining oxygen uptake
an overload technique
a way of monitoring exercise intensity
what percentage of values is normally distributed within +-1 standard deviation of the mean
65%
98%
95%
68%
what do error bars on a graph represent
range
variability
coefficient
significance
100 athletes were timed running 800m. how many would be within the +- 2 standard deviations of the mean time
68
95
65
99
what do error bars represent
the value of the group mean
a correlation between two variables
the independent variable
the standard deviation
the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean expressed as a percentage is called
coefficient of variation
coefficient of deviation
standard deviation
standard coefficient
which kind of test would you use to compare 1st hours test scores with 2nd hours test scores
paired B test
paired T test
unpaired/independent T test
unpaired/independent B best
what is another name for the mean score
average
standard deviation
mode
middle
a large error bar would represent what
a small standard deviation
a large standard deviation
a small mean
a large mean
students of different grades were given the same test to measure cognitive awareness for concussion protocol. cognitive awareness was measured. what is the independent variable
students
cognitive awareness
grade
concussion protocol
what pulls the actin filaments inwards to shorten a muscle
ATP
calcium ions
myosin
phosphate
which part of the motor neuron is nearest to the muscle fibre it stimulates
axon
dendrite
motor unit
motor end plate
An action potential travels through the muscle fibers down the T-tubules, and stimulates the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release what
potassium
sodium
calcium
ATP
shortening/lengthening of sarcomere. Z lines move closer, I band, H zone decreases
contraction
extension
isokinetic
contradiction
Attached to the myosin heads are a chemical called ________ that allows for the head to bend
calcium
sodium
ATP
Acetylcholine
the neurotransmitters in the vesicle of the motor end plate that creates and "bridge" between the neuron and the muscle fiber (across the synapse) the chemical that initiates a muscle contraction opens channels in the t-tubules
acetylcholine
sarcomere
sarcolemma
cholinesterase
Carries message from the central nervous system to the muscle fiber
cholinesterase
axon
H zone
actin
The area where there is both actin/myosin
A band
Z line
H zone
T line
due to high concentrations of calcium, Ca+ binds to ________ and causes a shift of tropomyosin which prevents the blocking action of tropomyosin
ADP
ATP
troponin
actin
baseball and tennis reply mostly on this type of muscle fiber
slow twitch
fast twitch
both
neither
