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Life Science

Total questions: 157

Worksheet time: 2hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

a)

cell membrane

b)

chloroplasts

c)

cellulose

d)

nucleus

2.

Name the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell.

a)

Both are classified as eukaryotes.

b)

Animals cells use sunlight to produce energy.

c)

Animal cells have a cell wall.

d)

Plants cells have a cell wall and chloroplast.

3.

Plants differ from animal cells because of

a)

reproduction

b)

homeostasis

c)

photosynthesis

4.

Animal cells contain

a)

cell walls

b)

large central vacuoles

c)

cholorplasts

d)

nucleus

5.

Which organelle directs the functions of a eukaryotic cell?

a)

lysosome

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

6.

What important cellular material is contained in the nucleus

a)

genetic material

b)

digestive enzymes

c)

DNA

d)

chromosomes

7.

Who holds all the information in order for a cell to function?

a)

Mitochondria :(

b)

Chloroplast :(

c)

Cytoskeleton :(

d)

Ribosomes:(

e)

Nucleus :)

8.

Threadlike structures within a cell’s nucleus that contain DNA that is passed from one generation to the next

a)

Alleles

b)

Genes

c)

Chromosomes

9.
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell.
a)
carcinogen
b)
sister chromatid
c)
apoptosis
d)
chromatin
10.
Makes proteins for the cell, can be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Ribosome
d)
Cytoplasm
11.
A nucleus is found in what type of cell?
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
d)
Neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic
12.
The nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus and its contents.
a)
True 
b)
False 
13.

What is the name of the structure that surrounds the area containing DNA and consist of inner and outer membranes made of lipids?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Centrioles

c)

Nuclear envelope

d)

Cytoplasm

14.
This is a dense collection of RNA and protein in the nucleus
a)
nuclear envelope
b)
nuclear pore
c)
rough E. R. 
d)
nucleolus
15.

Tiny holes in the nuclear membrane that allow different cellular materials to come in and go out of the cell.

a)

nucleus

b)

nucleoplasm

c)

nucleolus

d)

nuclear pores

16.

A gel-like fluid that holds things in place and helps to give the nucleus shape and similar to cytoplasm

a)

nuclear pores

b)

nucleoplasm

c)

nucleolus

d)

nuclear membrane

17.

surrounds the cell and acts as a barrier; regulates what enters/leaves cell; maintains homeostasis/helps keep cytoplasm in

a)

vacuole

b)

cell wall

c)

cell membrane

d)

lysosome

18.

Sac that stores water, food and waste removal 1 large on in plant cells several in animal cells?

a)

The cytoplasm

b)

The lysosomes

c)

The vacuole

d)

The mitochondria

19.
The main function of chloroplasts is:
a)
To control what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
To break down food to release energy for the cell.
c)
To control all activities of the cell.
d)
To produce food for the cell using the sun's energy.
20.
The cytoplasm
a)
Is  the gel-like fluid that holds other organelles in place.
b)
Breaks down food to produce energy for the cell.
c)
Is known as the "brain" of the cell.
d)
Is where photosynthesis takes place.
21.
To convert the energy of glucose into the usable energy of ATP is a function of _________.
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
22.

Which of the following combinations are present in plant cell but not in animal cell

a)

Cell Wall & Plastid

b)

Cell wall and Cell membrane

c)

Plastid and Nucleus

d)

Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm

23.

Jelly-like substance present between the cell membrane and the nucleus is

a)

Water

b)

Nucleoplasm

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

oil

24.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
a)
Stores water and mineral ions
b)
It holds all the organelles in place
c)
a.Controls what enters and leaves the cell
d)
Supports the cell
25.
What is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)?
a)
Package and ship proteins
b)
Transport proteins
c)
Create energy for the cell
d)
Remove waste
26.

breaks down food to release energy, performs various functions, contains own dna separate than in nucleous

a)

nucleus

b)

lysosomes

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuole

27.
Houses ribosomes so they can make protein, also transports molecules in the cell
a)
Rough Er
b)
Nucleus
c)
Golgi 
d)
Mitochondria
28.

changes and packages cell products like proteins located near the nucleous and consist of layers of membranes

a)

nucleus

b)

cell wall

c)

vacuole

d)

golgi body

29.

Easy Way to identify Smooth ER

a)

Has Ribosomes on it

b)

Or nothing on it

30.

small organelle within a cell has several functions has a membrane and moves materials within a cell

a)

vesicle

b)

cytoskeleton

31.

Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs and poisons?

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

lysosomes

d)

golgi body

32.

______ is a framework for the cell within the cytoplasm.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleoplasm

c)

Centrioles

d)

Cytoskeleton

33.
What is the small dense region within the nucleus where protein assembly begins?
a)
Nuclear envelope
b)
E.R.
c)
Lysosome 
d)
Nucleolus
34.
Where are lipids synthesized in cells?
a)
Smooth E.R
b)
Nucleus 
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cytoskeleton
35.

part of the cytoskeleton and help support the cell are made of protien

a)

microtubules

b)

cytosol

36.

the liquid material in the cell made mostly of water but also contains some floating molecules

a)

cytosol

b)

fluid

37.

membrane bound organelle found in plant cells that is used to make chemical compounds and store food; contains pigments used during photosynthesis chloroplast

a)

plastid

b)

cellur

38.

makes and holds yellow and orange pigments

a)

leukoplast

b)

chromoplast

c)

lysosome

d)

nucleolus

39.

What is the middle of each chromosome pair that are at right angles to each other and surrounded by protien called

a)

chromoplast

b)

chromatin

c)

chromatid

d)

centrosome

40.

What structure stores starch?

a)

nucleoplasm

b)

ribosome

c)

amyloplast

d)

lysosome

41.

Lack pigments but can become differentiated

a)

nucleoplasm

b)

ribosome

c)

leukoplast

d)

lysosome

42.

Digests protiens,lipids, and carbs also transports undigested substances to the cell membrane so they can be removed

a)

chloroplast

b)

nuclear membrane

c)

ribosome

d)

lysosome

43.
What organelles do plant cells have that animal cells don't?
a)
Plasmodesmata, Cell Wall, Chloroplast, Vacuole
b)
Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Lysosome, Peroxisome
c)
Cell Wall, Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Chromoplast
d)
None of the Above
44.

A single unit that can bond to other single units to form a polymer is a:

a)

Lego

b)

Monounits

c)

Monopoly

d)

Monomer

45.

Many monomers bonded together form a:

a)

Multimer

b)

Polygon

c)

Polymer

d)

Manymer

46.

3. It helps in cell division and only in animal cells they are cylinder shaped near the nucleous

a)

a. centrioles

b)

b. nucleolus

c)

c. nuclei

d)

d. centrioli

47.

general term that refers to an organ or smaller structure within a cell membrane bound organelles are found in eukaryotic cells

a)

a. structures

b)

b. nucleus

c)

c. cell wall

d)

d. organelles

48.

take many forms and have varying functions such as storing energy and acting as a building block of cell membranes produced by anabolysis

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

49.

appendages extending from the surface of the cell the movements of which causes the cell to move can also move fluid

a)

Pseudopods

b)

Euglena

c)

Flagella

d)

Cilia

50.

Tail like structures on cells that use whip like movements to help the cell move. Longer than cilia

a)

Pseudopod

b)

Cilia

c)

Flagella

d)

legs

51.

nucleous like irregulary shaped mass of DNA that contains the chromatin in a prokaryotic cell

a)

Cell wall

b)

Flagellum

c)

Capsule

d)

Nucleoid

52.

molecules that combines to form DNA and RNA can be easily stained to make them more visible

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

53.

SHORT FOR ribonucleic acid which is a type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

both

d)

none of the above

54.

channels between cell walls of planets cells that allow for transport between them

a)

gap junctions

b)

plasmodesmata

c)

desmosomes

d)

tight junctions

55.
Eukaryotic cells are complex.
a)
true
b)
false
56.
Prokaryotic cells include bacteria.
a)
True
b)
False
57.
Has membrane bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
58.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
59.
What type of cell does not have a nucleus?
a)
eukaryotic 
b)
prokaryotic 
60.
What type of cell does not have a nucleus?
a)
eukaryotic 
b)
prokaryotic 
61.

these cells divide by binary fission and are haploid

a)

prokaryotic

b)

eukaryotic

62.

these cells divide by mitosis and are diploid

a)

eukaryotic

b)

prokaryotic

63.
"powerhouse of the cell" breaks down sugar molecules to release energy, site of cellular respiration, double membrane, self-replicating, contains own DNA, cristae
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Vesicle
64.

Aerobic respiration occurs here

a)

mitochondria

b)

Golgi body

65.
______________ produces the most ATP.
a)
photosnthesis
b)
aerobic respiration
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
glycolysis
66.
Aerobic respiration is different from anaerobic respiration in that aerobic respiration needs...
a)
chlorophyll
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
67.
Anaerobic respiration.....
a)
doesn't require CO2
b)
requires CO2
c)
doesn't require oxygen
d)
requires oxygen
68.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose  to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
69.
This process releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present.
a)
photosynthesis
b)
light-independent reaction
c)
cellular respiration
d)
light-dependent reaction
70.
This is the first step of cellular respiration
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Lactic Acid Fermentation
c)
Alcoholic Fermentation
d)
Aerobic Respiration
71.
This process produces molecules that carry energy to the second part of cellular respiration
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Kreb's Cycle
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Electron Transport Chain
72.
This is made of proteins that need energy-carrying molecules from the Krebs cycle and oxygen to make ATP
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Kreb's Cycle
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Electron Transport Chain
73.
This process does not make ATP alone, but it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration.
a)
Fermentation
b)
Electron Transport Chain
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Kreb's cycle
74.
The diffusion of WATER across a semi-permeable membrane is
a)
osmosis
b)
diffusion
c)
endocytosis
d)
exocytosis
75.
The movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration is
a)
diffusion
b)
cell division
active transport
c)
active transport
d)
tonicity
76.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
77.
Low to High
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
78.
Solutes move against the concentration gradient, therefore energy is needed. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
79.
Uses ATP (energy)
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
80.
This takes substances into a cell
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
both
81.
What is it called when molecules move across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a carrier protein?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
82.
Waste products are moved out of the cell by ______________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
83.
Food is moved into the cell by ________________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
84.
This type of endocytosis is used by the cell to take in large molecules or tiny organisms. 
a)
Pinocytosis 
b)
Protein pumps
c)
Phagocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
85.
The process of cell division that creates identical body cells with a full set of DNA
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
transcription
d)
translation
86.
The type of cell division that makes gamete cells for sexual reproduction that only contain half a set of DNA.
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
transcription
d)
translation
87.

only happens in specialized reproductive cells called gametes

a)

meiosis

b)

mitosis

88.
Chromosomes are made up of two identical sister _____________.
a)
chloroplasts
b)
nuclei
c)
chromatids 
d)
gens
89.
Which of the following describes the purpose of the mitosis cell cycle?
a)
To make more of the same cells.
b)
For growth and repair.
c)
To prevent the cell from becoming too large.
d)
All of the above.
90.
How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells?
a)
Cytokinesis only takes place in animal cells.
b)
Cytokinesis only takes place in plant cells.
c)
Plant cells form a cell plate, animal cells form a cleavage furrow.
d)
Animal cells form a cell plate, plant cells form a cleavage furrow.
91.

two sets of chromosomes

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

92.

produced by mitosis

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

93.

produced by meiosis

a)

diploid

b)

haploid

94.

variation (cells genetically different) one set of chromosomes

a)

diploid

b)

haploid

95.

the ability and tendency of an organism, cell, or body to adjust to environment changes to maintain equilibrium

a)

Homeopathy

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Metabilism

d)

Equilibrium

96.

refers to the use of information in a gene, usually during the processes of transcription and translation, that result in a protein product

a)

gene expression

b)

transcription

97.

this refers to the synthesis of RNA information is provided by DNA

a)

transcription

b)

translation

98.

the decoding of mRNA used in the fabrication of protein it occurs after transcription

a)

translation

b)

transcription

99.
Differentiation is characterized by  

a)
cellular division and growth. 
b)
cells becoming specialized in structure and function. 
c)
body parts being shaped and patterned into a specific form. 
d)
None of the choices are correct. 
100.
All our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNA
a)
different
b)
similar
c)
exactly the same
d)
half the amount of 
101.
What is cell specialization or differentiation?
a)
The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.
b)
When DNA controls the cell cycle.
c)
The ability of cells to make more cells.
d)
The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.
102.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
103.
The result of meiosis is:
a)
two diploid cells
b)
two haploid cells
c)
four diploid cells
d)
four haploid cells
104.
In which phase of meiosis I do the homologous chromosomes reach opposite sides of the cell?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Telophase I
105.
In which phase of meiosis does each chromosome line up single file in the middle of the cell?
a)
Metaphase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Prophase II
106.
In which phase of meiosis do the homologous chromosomes remain paired and line up in the middle of the cell?
a)
Metaphase II
b)
Anaphase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Prophase I
107.
In which phase of meiosis do two cells divide to make 4?
a)
Telophase II/Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Telophase I/Cytokinesis
d)
Prophase II
108.

Sperm or eggs are called

a)

somatic cells

b)

polar bodies

c)

gametes

d)

diploid

109.

Nondisjunction can occur during which of the following phases?

a)

Metaphase I only

b)

Metaphase I and II only

c)

Anaphase I only

d)

Anaphase I and II only

110.
What are the order of the phases of mitosis?
a)
Anaphase, metaphase, telophase, interphase
b)
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
c)
Cytokinesis, anaphase, prophase II, interphase
111.
What is cytokinesis?
a)
The division of the parent cell's cytoplasm
b)
The part of the cell that divides
c)
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes condense
112.
When are the tetrads separated?
a)
Metaphase 1
b)
Anaphase 1
c)
Metaphase 2
d)
Metaphase 2
113.
During which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell?
a)
Prophase I
b)
Prophase II
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
114.

During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids in each chromosome separate?

a)

telophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

interphase

115.
The phase in mitosis where chromosomes move away and are pulled apart by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.
a)
prophase
b)
anaphase
c)
metaphase
d)
telephase
116.
The time between cell divisions in the life cycle of the cell is called
a)
anaphase
b)
interphase
c)
prophase
d)
metaphase
117.
Chromosomes condense from long stands into rod like structures. 
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
118.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
119.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
120.
Structure (a) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
121.
Structure (c) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
122.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
123.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
124.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
125.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
126.

in ______ cells the dna or gene structure is disrupted.

a)

cancerous

b)

noncancerous

127.

cancerous cells get most their energy from ________

a)

glycolysis

b)

kreb cycle

128.

Cancerous cells lack a

a)

blood vessel system

b)

chromosome

129.

all living things are made up cells and they are the basic unit of life

a)

cell theory

b)

cell respiration

130.

cell theory

a)

cells produce the basic units of functionality and structure in living things

b)

cells are both distinct stand-alone units and basic building blocks

c)

energy flow occurs within cells

d)

all the above

131.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
132.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
133.

Proteins are made up of a combination of how many unique amino acids?

a)

10

b)

20

c)

25

d)

50

134.

What do all amino acids have?

a)

basic group, aliphatic group and a R side chain

b)

acidic group, amino group and a R side chain

c)

positively charged group, acidic group and an aromatic group

d)

negatively charged group, basic group and an aliphatic group

135.

How many essential amino acids are there?

a)

3

b)

9

c)

12

d)

20

136.

The chirality of an amino acid results from the fact that its a carbon that:

a)

has no net charge

b)

is a carboxylic acid

c)

is bonded to 4 different chemical groups

d)

is symmetric

137.

Amino acids are ampholytes because they can function as either a(an):

a)

acid or base

b)

neutral molecule or an ion

c)

polar or non polar molecule

d)

positive or negatively charged

138.
What particle is released to provide the energy spark from the ATP molecule
a)
Potassium
b)
Phosphate
c)
Adenosine
d)
Thymine
139.
which process requires an input of energy
a)
making a bond (adding a phosphate)
b)
breaking a bond (removing a phosphate)
140.
Which of the following is components can transform ADP to ATP?
a)
Adenosine
b)
Phosphate group
c)
Nitrogenous Base
d)
Ribose
141.
The process of breaking something down into smaller parts.
a)
anabolism
b)
catabolism
142.

Complete this sentence. Metabolism is ...

a)

sum of all chemical reactions take place within a living organism convert nutrients to energy

b)

covers some of the reactions that take place in the body.

c)

the total amount of energy used subtracted from the total amount consumed.

143.
What are the four macromolecules?
a)
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
b)
monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccaharides, and proteins
c)
RNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates
d)
proteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids
144.

are large and complex and play an important role in cell structure and function

a)

macromoluecules

b)

carbs

c)

bird

d)

cats

145.

refers to a series of reactions in which the product of one reaction is the subtrate for the next

a)

metabolic pathways

b)

no pathway

c)

bird

d)

cat

146.

builds larger or more complex molecules from smaller ones

a)

anabolic reaction

b)

no reaction

c)

cat

d)

bird

147.

catabolic ______ while anabolic _____ energy

a)

releases, needs

b)

nothing

c)

cats

d)

dogs

148.

4 basic macromolecules produced by anabolic reactions

a)

carbs

b)

nucleic acids

c)

protiens

d)

lipids

e)

all the above

149.

the 4 building blocks in catabolic are

a)

monosachrids

b)

amino acids

c)

fatty acids

d)

nucleotides

e)

all the abive

150.
What type of metabolism allows you to break down food into energy for your cells?
a)
anabolism
b)
catabolism
c)
exercise
d)
autotroph
151.
This is a process by which we can decompose carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids into smaller parts by splitting them with water 
a)
Hydrolysis
b)
Dehydration synthesis
c)
Enzymes
152.
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
a)
Stores energy
b)
Movement
c)
Stores genetic information
d)
Speeds up reactions
153.
The first step in getting energy in the cell by breaking down glucose is known as
a)
the Krebs cycle
b)
electron transport
c)
fermentation
d)
glycolysis
154.

long chains that are oxidixed to acetyl-coA which provides energy to cells

a)

fatty acids

b)

acids

c)

bird

d)

cat

155.

consist of nucleotides such as atp that carry energy they also release energy when their bonds are broken

a)

nucleic acid

b)

acid

c)

cat

d)

dog

156.

are macromolecules formed from amino acids

a)

proteins

b)

ubs

c)

cats

d)

pizza

157.

Amino acids are linked together to form?

a)

monosaccharides

b)

disaccharides

c)

polysaccharides

d)

peptides

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