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Unit 4-DNA, RNA and Proteins

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

a)

double helix

b)

contains ribose

c)

made of amino acids

d)

contains Uracil

2.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
3.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
4.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
5.

Which TWO molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

a)

deoxyribose sugar and adenine

b)

deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

c)

deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

d)

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

6.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
7.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
8.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
9.

Given this sequence of DNA, determine the complementary bases. ATG TGA CAG

a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

CAT TCA CTG

10.

Why is DNA important?

a)

it is very small and very complicated

b)

it's in everything

c)

it serves as the instructions to build proteins.

d)

because we eat it every day for energy

11.

During DNA replication, what is the name of the enzyme that unzips the double helix?

a)

helicase

b)

replicase

c)

polymerase

d)

synthase

12.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
13.

These pictures show the process of DNA replication. Put the pictures in the correct order of replication.

a)

3, 2, 1, 4

b)

2, 1, 4, 3

c)

2, 3, 1, 4

d)

3, 4, 1, 2

14.

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

a)

sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base

b)

sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base

c)

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

d)

sugar, phosphate, protein

15.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
16.

What are the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA?

a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol

d)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

17.

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for adding new DNA nucleotides?

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

18.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
19.

Which of the following is a nitrogen base that is NOT found in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Guanine

20.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
21.
I include the bases guanine, cytosine, and adenine.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both DNA and RNA
22.

In eukaryotic (nucleus) cells, I travel out of the nucleus to a ribosome.

a)

Both DNA and RNA

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

23.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
24.

The process of mRNA to a sequence of amino acids is called

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

Activation

25.

What combines together to make a protein?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

RNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

DNA

26.

What is the name of the organelle where translation occurs?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

27.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

28.

RNA contains a nitrogenous base that is different from DNA. What is the name of the nitrogenous base?

a)

Thymine

b)

Uracil

c)

Adenine

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

29.

What is the process called when DNA is made into mRNA.

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transcribe

d)

translate

30.

What makes up a codon?

a)

2 amino acids

b)

3 amino acids

c)

2 nucleotides

d)

3 nucleotides

31.

Which RNA bases would pair with TAC GAA in transcription?

a)

AUG CUU

b)

ATG CTT

c)

GCA TCC

d)

GCA UCC

32.

Where does transcription take place?

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome

d)

mitochondria

33.

Which RNA bases would pair with GGG CCC in transcription?

a)

CCC GGG

b)

GGG CCC

c)

AAA UUU

d)

UUU AAA

34.
_______ is made during transcription and ________ is made during translation.
a)
mRNA / a protein
b)
a protein / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
35.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
36.

What does DNA provide instructions for?

a)

Glucose creation

b)

mRNA and tRNA strands

c)

Proteins made of amino acids

d)

Building legos

37.

Which of the following is the sugar found in RNA?

a)

Ribose

b)

Maltose

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

Amylose

38.

Which of the following is a correct difference between RNA and DNA?

a)

RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded

b)

RNA is double stranded and DNA is single stranded

c)

DNA uses Uracil and RNA uses Thymine

d)

RNA has deoxyribose and DNA has ribose

39.

What process involves making an identical copy of DNA?

a)

Replication

b)

Transcription

c)

Translation

d)

Activation

40.

Transcribe the following sequence of DNA into mRNA:

AAG CTT TGC

a)

TTC GAA ACG

b)

UUC GAA ACG

c)

TTC GUU UCG

d)

UUC GUU UCG

41.

What is the monomer (building blocks) of DNA and RNA?

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

monosaccharide

42.
Which of the following would be a DNA nucleotide?
a)
phosphate, deoxyribose, uracil
b)
phosphate, deoxyribose, thymine
c)
phosphate, ribose, uracil
d)
phosphate, ribose, thymine
43.
What will be the resulting mRNA from this DNA sequence:
GAT-TAC-AGA-TTA-CAT?
a)
CTA-ATG-TCT-AAT-GTA
b)
GAU-UAG-UGA-UUA-GUT
c)
CUA-AUG-UCU-AAU-GUA
d)
CAT-ACA-TAC-ATA-TAG
44.

What is the correct order for DNA replication?

a)

1 DNA helicase opens the double helix,

2 DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides,

3 Two identical strands made of one old and one new DNA strand are left.

b)

1 DNA helicase add nucleotides,

2 DNA polymerase opens the strands,

3 You are left with two new strands, one that is completely new and one old.

c)

1 Two strands are made,

2 DNA helicase opens them

3 DNA polymerase adds on nucleotides to both.

d)

mRNA

45.

Which phrase best describes translation?

a)

converts mRNA into a amino acids that build proteins

b)

catalyzes bonds between amino acids

c)

produces RNA from DNA molecules

d)

recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

46.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA

a)

Met-Pro-Ala-Val

b)

Met-Pro-Val

c)

Tyr-Gly-His

d)

Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

47.

What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?

a)

Aspartic Acid

b)

Histidine

c)

Glutamine

d)

Methionine

48.

If you have a DNA sequence of GTG, what mRNA would be made and what amino acid?

a)

CAC, Aspartic Acid

b)

CAC, Histidine

c)

GAG, Glutamine

d)

AUG, Methionine

49.

If you have a DNA sequence of GTG, what mRNA would be made and what amino acid?

a)

CAC, Aspartic Acid

b)

CAC, Histidine

c)

GAG, Glutamine

d)

AUG, Methionine

50.

If you analyze 100% of a DNA strand you find that there is 30% G, what would you expect the percentage to be of the other letters?

a)

G=30% T=30% A=20% C=20%

b)

G=30% T=20% A=20% C=30%

c)

G=40% T=10% A=10% C=40%

d)

I'll give it 110%

51.

If I wanted to make 10 amino acids, how many nucleotides (letters) would I need?

a)

10

b)

5

c)

30

d)

20

52.

What would the structure order of DNA be from large to small?

a)

Genome, Chromosome, Gene, nucleotide, nitrogenous base

b)

Nitrogenous base, nucleotide, chromosome, genome

c)

Gene, chromosome, nitrogenous base, nucleotide

d)

Nucleotide, gene, nitrogenous base, genome, chromosome

53.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
54.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
55.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
56.
What causes mutations?
a)
Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
b)
The amino acids
c)
Passed down by genetics
d)
It's how your born
57.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
58.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

59.

What is X pointing to?

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

Base

d)

Hydrogen Bond

60.

What is Y pointing to?

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

Base

d)

Hydrogen Bond

61.

What is X connected to?

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

Base

d)

Hydrogen Bond

62.
Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?
a)
Insertions only
b)
Substitution only
c)
Deletion only
d)
Insertions and Deletions
63.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
64.

1 base pair change which creates 1 different amino acid

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

frame shift mutation

d)

silent mutation

65.
changes 1 base pair which causes the gene to stop building the protein
a)
nonsense mutation
b)
missense mutation
c)
frame shift mutation
d)
hypomorph mutation
66.
a change in the DNA that does not affect the resulting amino acids
a)
hypomorph mutation
b)
hypermorph mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
null mutation
67.

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Guanine present is always equal to the amount of

a)

cytosine

b)

guanine

c)

thymine

d)

uracil

68.

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for proofreading and fixing copying mistakes?

a)

lactase

b)

helicase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

lactose

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