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social approach (milgram ,piliavin, yamamoto)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The Pilivain study was a
a)
Field Experiment 
b)
Lab Experiment
c)
Natural Experiment
d)
Case study
2.

The train ride from 59th Street to 125th Street lasted (Piliavin)

a)

7 minutes

b)

7 1/2 minutes

c)

8 minutes

d)

8 1/12 minutes

3.

The study took place in what city (Piliavin)

a)

Boston

b)

Chicago

c)

New York

d)

Philadelphia

4.

The team of Columbia students consisted of (Piliavin)

a)

4 Female students

b)

2 Female students and 2 Males students

c)

4 Male students

5.

How many trials were run (Piliavin)

a)

100

b)

101

c)

102

d)

103

6.

How many seconds, after train departure, did it take for the "victim" to stagger forward and collapse? (Pilliavin)

a)

30 seconds

b)

50 seconds

c)

60 seconds

d)

70 seconds

7.

About how many trials were run in a day ? Piliavin

a)

5-7

b)

6-8

c)

8-10

d)

2-4

8.

The victim was between the ages of (Piliavin)

a)

26-35

b)

20-35

c)

30-36

d)

27-37

9.

How many trials did the victim smell of liquor and carry a bottle? (Piliavin)

a)

35

b)

38

c)

40

d)

43

10.

How many trials was the victim sober? (Piliavin)

a)

45

b)

50

c)

55

d)

65

11.
Milgram's studies on obedience to authority showed that
a)
most people were able to resist the experimenter's pressure to shock the 'learner.'
b)
obedience was strongly linked to the subject's personality.
c)
subjects readily imitated aggressive behavior after seeing violent movies.
d)
most 'teachers' delivered the maximum amount of shock to the 'learner.'
12.
In Milgram's study on obedience to authority, what method was used?
a)
People were asked to tell a lie.about themselves.
b)
'Learners' received an electroshock from 'teachers.'
c)
Participants were paid $100 to view a videotape.
d)
A confederate pretended to need help from bystanders.
13.
Milgram's intention in conducting his studies of obedience was to replicate the social situation in
a)
college dormitories.
b)
Nazi Germany.
c)
Vietnam.
d)
the American Civil War.
14.
Because they felt that they could blame the __________, most people went along with the instructions to administer shock in the Milgram experiment.
a)
learner
b)
teacher
c)
experimenter
d)
situation
15.
Based on Milgram's experiment, of the following, you would be most likely to obey a(n):
a)
fellow student.
b)
employer.
c)
politician.
d)
employee.
16.
Milgram investigated obedience to authority based on his concerns regarding
a)
the Great Depression.
b)
the nuclear arms race.
c)
the civil rights movement.
d)
the Holocaust.
17.
In the Milgram experiment,
a)
the "teacher" was the only actual participant in the experiment.
b)
the "teacher" and the "learner" were both participants in the study.
c)
the shock machine delivered only low-voltage shocks, regardless of the labels above each switch.
d)
the participants were recruited based on past experiences of harming other individuals.
18.
Most of the participants in Milgram's study
a)
shocked the "learner" all the way to the end of the machine's scale.
b)
refused to continue to shock the "learner" after he stopped responding.
c)
did not participate in the experiment once they heard what was involved.
d)
gave a few shocks to the "learner" but never continued beyond the midpoint of the machine's scale.
19.
Milgram's study demonstrated that
a)
people will give clearly incorrect answers to a problem when they believe the experiment is invalid.
b)
destructive obedience is rare; most people will not engage in it.
c)
people will obey commands to harm another person when they believe they are in a legitimate setting.
d)
people will quickly stand up to an authority figure when they are uncomfortable obeying that person's commands.
20.
A panel of psychiatrists surveyed by Stanley Milgram prior to his obedience study stated that they thought fewer than five percent of the research participants would administer the maximum level of shock. How accurate was their prediction?
a)
It was totally inaccurate because 65 percent of the participants administered the highest level of shock.
b)
It was totally inaccurate because 50 percent of the participants administered the highest level of shock.
c)
It was amazingly accurate because slightly over 5 percent of the participants administered the highest level of shock.
d)
It was somewhat inaccurate because 25 percent of the participants administered the highest level of shock.
21.
Which of the following best describes what Milgram claims to have found through his obedience experiments?
a)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people are part of a group.
b)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people no longer regard themselves as responsible for their actions.
c)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people have a flexible self concept.
d)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people lack rigid convictions.
22.
Which of the following best describes what Milgram claims to have found through his obedience experiments?
a)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people are part of a group.
b)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people no longer regard themselves as responsible for their actions.
c)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people have a flexible self concept.
d)
Obedience is most likely to occur when people lack rigid convictions.
23.
Which of the following best describes the sort of real world phenomena that Milgram’s obedience research potentially tells us about?
a)
Situations in which a majority is exerting influence on a minority.
b)
Situations in which a subordinate is exerting influence on an authority figure.
c)
Situations in which an authority figure is exerting influence on a subordinate.
d)
Situations in which a social role is exerting an influence on the person in that role.
24.
Which of the following features did Milgram suggest contributed to the obedience rate?
a)
The location of the experiment
b)
That the participants were paid
c)
That the participants volunteered
d)
All of the above
25.

The participants responded to the stress of the experiment in many ways including (milgram)

a)

laughing.

b)

stuttering.

c)

biting their lips.

d)

all of these.

26.

The participants were recruited by (Milgram)

a)

telephone.

b)

TV advertisements.

c)

newspaper advertisements.

d)

university staff

27.

Which one of these was not a prod used by Mr Williams? (Milgram)

a)

'Please continue/Please go on'

b)

'The experiment requires that you go on.'

c)

'Go on or else I will have to terminate the experiment.'

d)

'It is absolutely essential that you go on.'

28.
In a later study carried out in a rundown office block, Milgram found
a)
obedience rates were even higher.
b)
obedience rates were the same.
c)
obedience rates were slightly lower.
d)
a wallet.
29.

The participants all volunteered believing they were to do (milgram)

a)

a study on aggression.

b)

a study on power.

c)

a study on memory and learning.

d)

a study on electricity.

30.

The participant was told that the learner had to learn (Milgram)

a)

maths problems.

b)

word pairs.

c)

anagrams.

d)

new words.

31.

The study broke the ethical guidelines of (Milgram)

a)

deception.

b)

the rights of participants to withdraw.

c)

protection of participants.

d)

all of these.

32.

Most of the participants in the first experiment were (Milgram)

a)

female.

b)

male.

c)

psychology students.

d)

chimpanzees.

33.
Milgram's study showed that social proximity:
a)
has no bearing on obedience.
b)
was not a valid theory.
c)
had an important influence on obedience.
d)
was important in order for the participant to understand the experiment.
34.

Studies have shown that obedience is more likely if (Migram)

a)

the person giving the command has a higher status.

b)

the person giving the command is further away.

c)

the person giving the command has no authority.

d)

other people refused to obey the command.

35.
The results of Milgram-type experiments that have been conducted in many different countries with participants from various kinds of backgrounds indicate that
a)
most people refuse to be obedient when they become distressed.
b)
there are significant sex differences in obedience.
c)
there are significant age differences in obedience.
d)
obedience in a Milgram-type experiemental situation seems to occur regardless of sex or age.
36.
The ______ (native) was in on the Milgram experiment while the ______  (victim) was not.
a)
Teacher, Learner
b)
Learner, Teacher
37.

The voltage levels displayed on the shock generator ranged from ___. (Milgram)

a)

15 to 400

b)

10 to 450

c)

15 to 425

d)

15 to 450

38.

The shock generator had voltage levels ranging from _________. (Milgram)

a)

Slight Shock to Danger Shock

b)

Slight Shock to Severe Shock

c)

Slight Shock to Danger: Severe Shock

d)

Slight to Severe

39.

Out of 40 subjects, ___ obeyed the orders of the experimenter to the end, proceeding to punish the victim. (Milgram)

a)

26

b)

15

c)

10

d)

31

40.
Explain the weakness in Milgram's (obedience) study. 
a)
The way all the variables were controlled.
b)
The lack of variety in participants.
c)
The way that the verbal prods were used in the same sequence for each subject.
d)
How the same shock machine was used for all the participants and labeled with the same shock increments. 
41.

Explain one reason why some participants decided to stop before 450 volts. (Milgran)

a)

They got bored.

b)

They were told to stop the experiment.

c)

They felt guilty about "pain" caused to the subject.

d)

There was no 450 volt shock listed in the shock generator.

42.

Some participants had seizures through out the study. (Milgram)

a)

True

b)

False

43.
How varied was Milgrams sample of participants?
a)
Very varied
b)
Somewhat varied, they had different occupations but were all male.
c)
Not at all varied, same occupation, all male.
d)
None of the above.
44.

How could payment have affected the results? (MILGRAM)

a)

They feel obligated to complete the experiment because they're getting paid.

b)

It didn't have an effect.

c)

The low payment angered them to the point of wanting to quit.

d)

None of the above.

45.

How did the environment affect the participants behavior? (Yamamoto)

a)

It didn't affect the participants

b)

It affected the ecological validity because this wasn't a usual setting.

c)

It made the results more reliable

d)

None of the above

46.

In the Yamamoto (Chimpanzee) case, which is the dependent variable?

a)

How many chimpanzees offered the correct tool

b)

How long it took each chimpanzee to offer the correct tool

c)

How many trials ended with the helper looking through the window

d)

All the answer choices are correct

47.

What is the research design of the Yamamoto (Chimpanzee) study?

a)

Independent groups

b)

Repeated measures

c)

Laboratory experiment

d)

Field experiment

48.

What is the research design of the Yamamoto (Chimpanzee) study?

a)

Independent groups

b)

Repeated measures

c)

Laboratory experiment

d)

Field experiment

49.

In the Yamamoto study, trial begins when the helper chimp had a box of 7 items, trial recorded as ended when

a)

The helper chimp chose an item

b)

The juice was obtained or when 5 minutes passed without success

c)

When the helper chimp handed over the first tool; or 10 minutes had passed

d)

When the helper chimp handed over any object

50.

In the Yamamoto (chimpanzee) study, what was the AIM of the study?

a)

Will conspecifics help when asked?

b)

Understand helping behavior

c)

Whether chimpanzees understand the needs of conspecifics and whether they will respond with targeted helping

d)

Can chimpanzees use targeted helping when asked for help?

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