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SciOly Water Ecology Trials1

Total questions: 137

Worksheet time: 2hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Using light to make usable energy is known as ______, while using chemicals to make usable energy is known as _______.
a)
Chemosynthesis, Photosynthesis
b)
Photosynthesis, Chemical Reaction
c)
Light Reactions, Chemosynthesis
d)
Photosynthesis, Chemosynthesis
2.
Organisms that cannot create their own energy, but get their energy from other organisms.
a)
Moochers
b)
Consumers
c)
Vampire
d)
Eaters
3.
An organism’s place in the food web is known as what?
a)
Trophic level
b)
Predation level
c)
Food level
d)
Top level
4.
Which of these is NOT a Density-Independent Reaction?
a)
Natural Disaster
b)
Food Availability
c)
Seasonal Cycle
d)
Unusual Weather
5.
What abiotic factors affect the growth and survival of seaweed, small fish, and sharks?
a)
Sunlight, temperature, and minerals
b)
Sunlight, pH, and type of seaweed
c)
Number of decomposers, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen
d)
Number of herbivores, carbon, and food
6.
One biotic factor that limits the carrying capacity of any habitat is the
a)
Availability of water
b)
Level of oxygen
c)
Activity of decomposers
d)
Amount of soil erosion
7.
Organism that create organic energy from an inorganic source (such as sunlight) are known as what?
a)
Consumer
b)
Makers
c)
Producers
d)
Decomposers
8.
Carnivores, who get their energy from other consumers, are known as what?
a)
Attackers
b)
Secondary Consumers
c)
Leveled Consumers
d)
Primary Consumers
9.
This relationship results in one population increasing, while another reminding unchanged.
a)
Parasitism
b)
Competition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
10.
Interactions that are MORE intense as the population density increases.
a)
Population Interactions
b)
Carrying Capacity
c)
Density-Dependent
d)
Density-Independent
11.

This graph depicts which symbiotic relationship?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Predation

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

12.
Carrying Capacity is NOT based on which factor?
a)
Amount of resources avaliable
b)
Resources used by each individual
c)
Breeding Season
d)
Size of Population
13.

Looking at this graph, what group of organisms would the solid line represent?

a)

Predators

b)

Prey

c)

Parasite

d)

Host

14.
What symbiotic relationship would increase the carrying capacity of 2 different species of animals at the same time?
a)
Parasitism
b)
Competition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
15.
When two organisms have to fight over the same supply of recourses, it is called what?
a)
Competition
b)
Predation
c)
Relationism
d)
Collectivism
16.

This graph depicts which form of symbiotic relationship?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Predator/Prey

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

17.
Organisms that use dead organisms for their sources of food, while at the same time, these organisms create waste of their own.
a)
Detrivore
b)
Decomposer
c)
Cleaner
d)
Waste Eater
18.

This graph depicts what form of sybiotic relationship?

a)

Parasitism

b)

Competition

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

19.
When two organisms have to fight over the same supply of recourses, it is called what?
a)
Predation
b)
Relationism
c)
Collectivism
d)
Competition
20.
This is the number of individuals that an environment can sustain.
a)
Predators
b)
Prey
c)
Carrying Capacity
d)
Population
21.
This is a relationship in which one organism benifits while the other organism is HARMED, but not killed.
a)
Parasitism
b)
Predation
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
22.
If a population has a 5% growth rate wth a population of 200, how many new animals are added to the population?
a)
10
b)
20
c)
5
d)
1
23.
When exit a population and move to another, it is called what?
a)
Emigration
b)
Immigration
c)
Death
d)
Parasitism
24.

The graph below shows the changes in the size of a fish population over a period of time.

a)

Carrying capacity of the enviornment

b)

Life span of the species

c)

Level at which extinction is reached

d)

Level of maximum biodiversity of the species

25.
This the the phase of a population when resources are unlimited and there is no competition.
a)
Exponential Growth
b)
Carrying Capacity
c)
Density-Dependence
d)
Density-Independence
26.
The maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can support for a long period of time.
a)
Population
b)
Carrying Capacity
c)
Species Level
d)
Environmental Level
27.
Organisms that get their energy from producers are known as what?
a)
Grazers
b)
Secondary Consumers
c)
Leveled Consumers
d)
Primary Consumers
28.
When an organism enters one population from another, it is called what?
a)
Emigration
b)
Immigration
c)
Birth
d)
Synbiosis
29.
Pupfish have been living a saltwater lake for 10,000 years. Over time, the lake has been slowly getting smaller. Which of the following is most likely to happen as a result of the lake shrinking?
a)
There will be more pupfish because there will be more food for them.
b)
There will be fewer pupfish because there will not be enough space.
c)
The lake will become saltier because more pupfish will grow.
d)
The lake will become less salty becase fewer pupfish will grow.
30.
An area of land where rain/snow drains to a common body of water is called a ....
a)
wetland
b)
watershed
c)
estuary
d)
freshwater ecosystem
31.
Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems are called...
a)
plankton
b)
zooplankton
c)
phytoplankton
d)
bacteria
32.
Aquatic insects or other small organisms that have no backbone and are large enough to be seen without a microscope are called...
a)
bacteria
b)
zooplankton
c)
benthic macrovertebrates
d)
benthic macroinvertebrates
33.
Pollutants discharged from a single identifiable location (e.g., pipes, ditches, channels, sewers, tunnels, containers of various types).
a)
point source pollution
b)
stormwater runoff
c)
nonpoint source pollution
d)
thermal pollution
34.
Water pollution that does not have a specific point of origin is called ...
a)
point source pollution
b)
non point source pollution
c)
thermal pollution
d)
inorganic pollution
35.
Water that drains into a water source after a rain storm occurs. This is the number one cause of non point source pollution in Pennsylvania.
a)
thermal pollution
b)
point source pollution
c)
inorganic pollution
d)
storm water runoff
36.
The dirt that settles on the bottom of a body of water stream, lake, or ocean is known as...
a)
sediment
b)
soil
c)
organic debris
d)
biodegradable waste
37.
An immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of nutrients is called...
a)
plant growth
b)
algal bloom
c)
phytoplankton growth
d)
aquatic bloom
38.
Overnourishment of aquatic ecosystems with plant nutrients (mostly nitrates and phosphates) because of human activities such as agriculture, urbanization, and discharges from industrial plants and sewage treatment plants.
a)
algal bloom
b)
cultural eutrophication
c)
oligotrophic
d)
littoral zone
39.
A measure of the buffering capacity of water
a)
acidity
b)
limnology
c)
limnetic
d)
alkalinity
40.
A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.
a)
estuary
b)
swamp
c)
marsh
d)
fen
41.
New lakes with relatively low levels of nutrients, deep & cold, with little organic matter (little phytoplankton)
a)
eutrophic
b)
mesotrophic
c)
limtrophic
d)
oligotrophic
42.
A shallow zone in a freshwater habitat where light reaches the bottom. It's the most biologically diverse location in a lake.
a)
limnetic zone
b)
profundal zone
c)
littoral zone
d)
benthic zone
43.
A moving body of water
a)
lotic system
b)
lentic system
c)
flowing system
d)
gradient system
44.
What does water in the atmosphere react with to create carbonic acid?
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorous
d)
carbon dioxide
45.
What does water in the atmosphere combine with to create acid rain?
a)
nitrogen oxides
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen compounds
d)
mercury
46.
As BOD increases, DO..
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
doesn't change
d)
gets larger
47.
What percentage of Earth’s water is freshwater?
a)
75%
b)
3%
c)
1%
d)
97%
48.
Where is most water found on Earth?
a)
glaciers
b)
lakes
c)
rivers
d)
oceans
49.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
50.
What do we call water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking in?
a)
runoff
b)
discharge
c)
recharge
d)
tributary
51.
Fecal matter (poop) from farms carried by runoff into streams will results in... 
a)
high dissolved oxygen
b)
low nitrogen
c)
low turbidity 
d)
high fecal coliform (e-coli bacteria) 
52.
_______ is when too many nutrients get in the water and cause algae to bloom (or overgrow).
a)
Tributary
b)
Eutrophication
c)
Dead Zone
d)
Toxic
53.
As water flow decreases, what happens to sediment?
a)
increases
b)
decreases and settles to the bottom
c)
stops
d)
floats
54.
What is an underground layer of rock or soil filled with water called?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
55.
Low amounts of _________ is associated with excellent water quality...
a)
DO
b)
Current
c)
Phosphates
d)
biodiversity
56.
Water with excellent quality would have high levels of...
a)
nitrates
b)
DO
c)
Temperature
d)
Phosphates
57.
What conditions make algae grow in a lake?
a)
high DO
b)
low turbidity
c)
high phosphates
d)
low nitrates
58.
________________pollution is when we cannot identify a single source of the pollution, like pollution carried in runoff.
a)
safe drinking water act of 1974
b)
point source pollution
c)
non point source
d)
nitrates
59.
an area of land that is drained by a specified river or other body of water
a)
Marsh
b)
Estuary
c)
Watershed
d)
Tidal Pool
60.
How can macroinvertebrates determine the health of a stream?
a)
If they're big
b)
they have different stream pollution tolerances
c)
If there's a lot of macros
61.
Which causes a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in a lake?
a)
lower temperatures
b)
fertilizer runoff
c)
overfishing
62.
Water with high turbidity 
a)
is cloudy and hard to see through
b)
is clear
63.
The organism that indicates the water quality is a
a)
Water tester
b)
Biological indicator
c)
Water indicator
d)
Biological tester
64.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
65.
How does carbon dioxide leave the atmosphere and become part of the food chain?
a)
Through transpiration
b)
Through photosynthesis
c)
Through factory emission
d)
Sunlight
66.
How do animals get the carbon they need?
a)
decomposing
b)
combustion
c)
eating plants 
d)
breathing it in
67.
What role do animals play in the carbon cycle?
a)
absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
b)
give off carbon dioxide through respiration
c)
combustion
d)
decomposing matter
68.
What is one way that carbon dioxide can be put back into the atmosphere?
a)
Sunlight
b)
Burning of Fossil Fuels
c)
Ocean uptake
d)
Rain
69.
What role do decomposers play in the carbon cycle?
a)
absorb carbon dioxide 
b)
release carbon dioxide into atmosphere
c)
return carbon into the soil
d)
combustion
70.
In the carbon cycle, what is the role of volcanic activity?
a)
releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere into the air
b)
decomposing matter back into the soil
c)
absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
d)
combustion
71.
When carbon combines with 2 oxygen atoms, what forms?
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Argon
c)
Carbon dioxide
d)
Sodium hydrogen
72.
How have humans contributed to the amount of carbon dioxide in the air?
a)
driving cars
b)
burning coal
c)
factories
d)
all of these
73.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
74.
How does nitrogen become part of the food chain?
a)
Through transpiration by plants
b)
Through uptake of nitrogen compounds in the soil by plants
c)
Through factory emission and combustion of fossil fuels
d)
Sunlight changes nitrogen into usable forms
75.
Where do animals get nitrogen from?
a)
from the soil
b)
directly from the air
c)
from water they drink
d)
from plants they eat
76.
What is the most abundant gas in our atmosphere?
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
77.
True/False- Bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into a form that plants can use.
a)
True
b)
False
78.
True/False, Plants can use nitrogen directly from the atmosphere.
a)
True
b)
False
79.
Nitrogen in the atmosphere is not available.  Free nitrogen has to be changed into a usable form in a process called __
a)
nitrogen fixation
b)
transpiration
c)
precipitation
d)
respiration
80.
Building proteins and DNA is the reason organisms need what substance?
a)
Water
b)
Carbon
c)
Nitrogen
d)
Calcium
81.
What are the two ways nitrogen gas is turned into a form plants and animals can use?
a)
lightning & bacteria
b)
bacteria & worms
c)
lightning  & worms
d)
bacteria & fungi
82.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle.
83.
Which nutrient is not cycled through the atmosphere?
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorous
d)
water
84.
How do animals get the phosphorous they need?
a)
decomposing
b)
combustion
c)
eating plants 
d)
breathing it in
85.
What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?
a)
absorb phosphorous 
b)
release phosphorous into atmosphere
c)
return phosphorous into the soil
d)
combustion
86.
This is released by the weathering of rocks.
a)
Carbon
b)
Oxygen
c)
Phosphorus
d)
Nitrogen
87.
Phosphorus runoff in the water supply can lead to _____________.
a)
phosphorus poisoning
b)
healthier fish
c)
overgrowth of aquatic plants
d)
Who knows?  Not Me.
88.
This essential nutrient is needed by living organisms to produce DNA
a)
Water
b)
Aluminum
c)
Phosporous
d)
Calcium
89.
This is a fish that swims upstream from salt to fresh water to lay its eggs.
a)
Anadromous
b)
Spawn
c)
Sediment
d)
Leaching
90.
What is an inlet partly separated from the ocean by land?
a)
Bay
b)
Estuary
c)
Habitat
d)
Tributary
91.
What is it called when rocks and soils are worn away by rushing water, rain, wind, or ice?
a)
Erosion
b)
Leaching
c)
Runoff
d)
Storm Drain
92.
What is a partially enclosed body of water that has a mixture of salt water from the ocean and fresh water from rivers and streams?
a)
Estuary
b)
Watershed
c)
Tributary
d)
Bay
93.
What is the water that seeps into the ground and fills the spaces between rocks and soil particles called?
a)
Groundwater
b)
Habitat
c)
Watershed
d)
Storm Drain
94.
What is a stream or river that feeds into a larger body of water?
a)
Tributary
b)
Estuary
c)
Bay
d)
Watershed
95.
What is an area of land from which rain and snowmelt drains into a river, stream, or other body of water?
a)
Watershed
b)
Tributary
c)
Bay
d)
Runoff
96.
A watershed includes everything in its borders, including the land, plants, animals, and people.
a)
True
b)
False
97.
What is a headwater?
a)
A large sea
b)
The mouth of a river
c)
The source of a river
d)
A small creek
98.
The top of the groundwater’s zone of saturation - E
a)
Zone of Aeration
b)
Aquifer
c)
Surface water
d)
Water table
99.

What is the first step in the water treatment process?

a)

coagulation

b)

filtration and removal of debris, sand, grit, etc.

c)

flocs

d)

concentation

100.
What word means the solid particles that have settled out during the sedimentation process.
a)
sediment
b)
solubility
c)
settlement
d)
solidifying
101.

Preliminary treatment

a)

prevents toxic chemicals.

b)

removes large objects.

c)

is unnecessary.

d)

is useless.

102.

Which substance is used in a sewage treatment system to kill harmful bacteria?

a)

ammonia

b)

chlorine

c)

sand

d)

soap

103.
What is the purpose of using ultraviolet light on the water?
a)
To bleach it out
b)
To "sterilize" any bacteria 
c)
To remove chlorine
d)
To kill viruses
104.
What is the role of bacteria in the water purification process?
a)
digested organic matter
b)
add chlorine
c)
nothing, we don't want them in there
d)
add nutrients to the sludge
105.
What was the name of the brown wastewater solution in the aeration tank?
a)
sludge
b)
effluent
c)
mixed liquor
d)
sewage
106.
What gas must be maintained at precise levels in the aeration tank?
a)
CO2
b)
O2
c)
H2
d)
CO
107.

What is the first step of preliminary wastewater treatment, which removes large items such as plastic wrappers and sticks?

a)

screening - employs the use of a "bar screen"

b)

sedimentation

c)

aeration

d)

disinfection

108.

List the following steps of Water purification in the correct order

Step P: Water is passed through a screen to remove debris.

Step Q: Pathogenic organisms are killed by chlorination, UV, or ozone.

Step R: Suspended particles clump and settle out.

Step S: A flocking agent, such as alum, is added to the water.

a)

P, Q, R, S

b)

S, P, R, Q

c)

P, S, R, Q

d)

R, P, S, Q

e)

S, R, P, Q

109.

Which method introduces microorganisms to break down hazardous organic compounds?

a)

Sanitary landfill

b)

Incineration

c)

Discharge to sewers, streams, and rivers

d)

Chemical treatment

e)

Biological treatment

110.
Bacteria are beneficial to wastewater treatment because
a)
they naturally break down organic matter
b)
they help solid material to settle out of the wastewater
c)
the nutrients produced are beneficial to the treated water
d)
they aren't beneficial
111.
What does chlorination do to the water?
a)
Removes microorganisms
b)
Cleans the water
c)
Makes the water taste nice
d)
Removes twigs and sediment
112.

In which part of the wastewater treatment process are bacteria introduced to the wastewater to feed on organic particles, such as food and feces? (Select 2 choices)

a)

sedimentation

b)

aeration

c)

disinfection

d)

primary treatment

e)

secondary treatment

113.

The material that is removed from the wastewater, sent through the belt press and requires proper treatment and disposal methods is called

a)

sediment

b)

sludge

c)

mixed liquor

d)

aeration

114.

What is no longer added to the water treatment process?

a)

sludge

b)

aeration

c)

fluoride

d)

sodium

115.
What causes foam in the water?
a)
pollution
b)
excess bacteria
c)
trapped air
d)
too much chemical treatment
116.

Which human activity has the most negative impact on water quality?

a)

agriculture

b)

flushing toilets

c)

washing clothes

d)

recreational boating

117.
Where is most of the freshwater found on Earth?
a)
lakes
b)
glaciers
c)
oceans
d)
rivers
118.
Approximately what percentage of Earth's water is SALT water?
a)
97 %
b)
71%
c)
30%
d)
3%
119.

What is the difference between black water and grey water?

a)

Black water is water that is contaminated by nature, but grey water is water contaminated by man.

b)

Black water is black colored water and grey water is grey colored water.

c)

Black water is water that is from cooking and laundry, grey water is water that contains feces

d)

Black water is contaminated by urine and feces but grey water is from cooking or laundry and others.

120.

What is grey water?

a)

Water contaminated by feces

b)

Calcium and Magnesium dissolved into water

c)

Contaminated water by humans such as bathing or laundry

d)

water that's grey

121.

John lives in a very busy city and he needs to get rid of his waste-water, what should he do?

a)

He should install a septic system

b)

He should join the city’s sewer system

c)

He should build his own pipes to someplace outside of the city

d)

He should save his wastewater and get a dump truck to take it away everyday.

122.

If every house installed a septic system what would be the main problem?

a)

It would be too loud

b)

It would take up too much space

c)

Kids can fall in

d)

It can cause air pollution

123.

What is the preliminary treatment

a)

Water enters a tank and it stays in the tank for a few hours so solid particles can settle to the bottom

b)

Water passes through a bar screen to remove sticks rocks and garbage. Then the water is slowed down when it enters the grit tank so that sand, gravel, and heavy metals settle to the bottom.

c)

The process of removing debris from tanks to be trucked to a landfill.

d)

When chlorine is added to water to kill the living organisms the it’s released into a lake or river

124.

where does stormwater runoff come from? Select the most correct answe

a)

precipitation in country roads, marshes, lawns

b)

water in houses, apartments, buildings

c)

precipitation in roads, roofs, lawns

d)

precipitation in roads, farms, bathrooms

125.

Casandra said gray water and black water are the same because they are both wastewater. Why is she incorrect?

a)

because they aren’t wastewater

b)

because gray water is feces and urine and black water is used by humans

c)

because one is contaminated by humans and the other is not

d)

because grey water is used by humans and blackwater is feces and urine

126.

How is gray water contaminated?

a)

cooking, laundry, bathing

b)

cooking, gardening, cleaning

c)

pesticides, feces, fertilizers

d)

feces, urine

127.

why is gray and black water different from stormwater runoff?

a)

because gray and black water is chemical and stormwater runoff is natural

b)

because they are contaminated by humans and stormwater runoff is not

c)

because they are wastewater and stormwater is from human waste

d)

because stormwater runoff is from precipitation and gray and black water are by human activity

128.

Which type of water treatment system would be ideal for a city like Tokyo?

a)

septic system

b)

sewer system

c)

UV radiation

d)

bioremediation

129.

What is something negative about treating both stormwater runoff and wastewater? There are two correct answers.

a)

stormwater can pick up pollutants and carry them straight into surface water.

b)

greater resources are used to treat the water

c)

more wastewater treatment plants need to be built

d)

only one drainage system needs to be built

130.
In 1972 an important piece of environmental legislation was passed.  It was the ______________.
a)
Clean Water Act
b)
Water Pollution Control Act
c)
EPA
d)
Superfund Act
131.
What 2 important nutrients are tested for in a body of water to check for eutrophication levels?
a)
nitrates and phosphates
b)
dissolved oxygen and pH
c)
CO2 and O2
d)
nitrates and dissolved oxygen
132.
What is the expected pH of groundwater?
a)
close to 7
b)
above 10
c)
between 2 - 5
d)
9-11
133.
What type of environment do the micro-organisms need during the secondary process?
a)
aerobic
b)
anaerobic
c)
very hot
d)
aseptic
134.
What natural, Earthly, property do wastewater treatment facilities utilize in moving the water through the treatment facility?
a)
gravity
b)
pumps
c)
condensation
d)
rain water force
135.
The amount of Dissolved Oxygen in a body of water depends on ____________________.
a)
temperature of the water
b)
water flow and velocity
c)
number of organisms using the DO in the water column
d)
all of the above
136.
Hypoxia is the condition of _________________?
a)
a lack of oxygen
b)
a lack of Hydrogen atoms
c)
a surplus of oxygen
d)
both high temperature and high oxygen levels
137.
The measurement of the number of hydrogen ions in a sample of water is called __________________.
a)
pH
b)
temperature change
c)
nitrate testing
d)
phosphate testing

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