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Ecology Unit Review

Total questions: 44

Worksheet time: 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The diagram below shows the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.
The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy flowing through the system?
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Inorganic nutrients
2.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
3.
An organism that produces its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an)
a)
heterotroph
b)
consumer
c)
detritivore
d)
autotroph
4.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
5.

The following picture shows a deer tick embedded in an animal. Which type of symbiosis does this represent?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

competition

6.

Both organisms receive a benefit in the interaction shown in the picture. Which type of symbiosis is represented?

a)

competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

parsitism

7.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
8.

What diagram shows the energy available to each trophic level in an ecosystem?

a)

biomass pyramid

b)

food web

c)

energy pyramid

d)

biochemical cycle

9.

What symbiotic relationship involves one organism receiving a benefit and the other organism is not affected?

a)

intraspecific competition

b)

mutualism

c)

parsitism

d)

commensalism

10.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
11.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
12.
Where an organism lives
a)
habitat
b)
niche 
c)
heterotrogh
d)
biosphere
13.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
14.
Organisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organisms 
a)
consumer
b)
trophic level
c)
decomposer
d)
species
15.
Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?
a)
all the living organisms in an area and their physical surroundings
b)
a region with a distinct climate
c)
all the living organisms of the same species throughout the world
d)
all the living organisms in an area
16.
A pod of dolphins hunting and feeding on a school of fish is an example of
a)
an ecosystem interaction.
b)
a population interaction.
c)
a community interaction.
d)
a biome interaction.
17.
The taiga biome that covers most of Alaska is pictured above.  Which of the following only lists biotic factors that can be found in this ecosystem?
a)
freezing temperatures, low precipitation, bogs, and acidic soil
b)
owls, poor soils, moss, and caribou
c)
moss, aspen trees, weasels, and raccoons
d)
birch trees, short summers, lichen ground cover, and bears
18.
The energy pyramid below shows a possible amount of energy, in kilocalories, available in the organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.  According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed.  If this is true, why is there less energy in the top of the energy pyramid than there is in the bottom of the energy pyramid?
a)
Energy is lost between each trophic level as heat.
b)
The law of conservation of energy does not apply to ecosystems.
c)
Organisms in the top of the energy pyramid use up energy the fastest.
d)
The extra energy in the bottom is slower to reach the top.
19.
Which of the following interactions is an example of symbiosis?
a)
an insect acts as a pollinator for a plant species
b)
a population of hummingbirds migrates during the summer
c)
a tropical bird performs a courtship dance for a mate
d)
a mother bear feeds and protects her cubs
20.

A farmer plants two species of grass with similar nutrient needs on the same small plot of land. What kind of interaction will most likely occur between the two species?

a)

parasitism

b)

interspecific competition

c)

intraspecific competition

d)

mutualism

21.
The diagram below depicts the water cycle.  Which process is represented by the number 2?
a)
precipitation
b)
evaporation
c)
surface runoff
d)
condensation
22.
The graph below shows population data for two species.  What can be said about the relationship between species 1 and species 2?
a)
When the population of species 1 increases, the population of species 2 decreases.
b)
The population of species 1 and species 2 stay the same over the time period shown.
c)
The population of species 1 is not influenced by the population of species 2.
d)
When the population of species 1 increases, the population of species 2 increases.
23.
78% of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen gas. All living things need nitrogen as a part of DNA and RNA. Yet you and I, and other living things, cannot use the nitrogen in our atmosphere directly. One type of organism is responsible for "fixing" nitrogen or helping to put it in a form so other living things can use it. That organism is
a)
bacteria.
b)
fungi.
c)
plants.
d)
viruses.
24.

Grazing cows disturb the grass and cause insects to fly around the cows as they eat. In turn, birds swoop in and eat the insects. This type of relationship is an example of

a)

commensalism.

b)

mutualism.

c)

parasitism.

d)

predation.

25.
In the organization of living things, a ______________ would include the largest number of individuals.
a)
community
b)
population
c)
ecosystem
d)
species
26.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
27.
Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____. 
a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
28.
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle
a)
True
b)
False
29.

The process by which plants release water through the pores in their leaves is called...

a)

accumulation

b)

dormancy

c)

photosynthesis

d)

transpiration

30.
The transformation of water vapor back into liquid water by cooling is called...
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
31.
How animals get the nitrogen they need
a)
from the air they breathe
b)
from the water they drink
c)
from the food they eat
d)
from the Sun
32.
Organisms that need nitrogen to survive
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
all living organisms
33.
Nitrogen rich fertilizers and manure can cause water pollution.
a)
True
b)
False
34.

No two species can occupy the same niche at the same time in the same environment. This is called the

a)

Competitive Exclusion Principle

b)

Limiting Exclusion Theory

c)

Competitive Limiting Principle

d)

Limiting Competitive Theory

35.

All of the different populations of different species living in a defined area is called a

a)

population

b)

community

c)

ecosystem

d)

species

36.
Abiotic means____________.
a)
Nonliving
b)
Living
37.
Biotic means ____________. 
a)
Nonliving
b)
Living
38.
Population is____________________.
a)
Same species living in the same place.
b)
Different species living in different places. 
39.
What are the Biotic factors in this image?
a)
There are none
b)
Sunlight, water, air
c)
Elephants, plants, trees 
40.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Carnivore
b)
Herbivore
c)
Producer
d)
Autotroph
41.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
42.
In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
43.
All food webs and food chains begin with _________________.
a)
primary consumer
b)
producers
c)
secondary consumers
d)
predators
44.
The deer, grasshopper, and bird are all examples of which type of consumers on this food pyramid?
a)
decomposers
b)
omnivores
c)
carnivore
d)
herbivore

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