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E-2 - Earth Structure and Surface Processes Unit Test Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Erosion is...
a)
materials begin moved across the Earth's surface by water and wind
b)
materials deposited into a new location as sediment
c)
rocks and other materials being broken down both physically and chemically
2.
What is made up of nickel and iron in the Earth?
a)
core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
atmosphere
3.
The constant, slow movement of plates on the Earth's surface is probably caused by...
a)
earthquakes
b)
heat
c)
volcanoes
d)
rocks
4.
Hot gases and lava flow from...
a)
faults
b)
volcanoes
c)
glaciers
d)
earthquakes
5.
The removal of soil and rock from the Earth's surface is called...
a)
deforestation
b)
sedimentation
c)
weathering
d)
erosion
6.
Deposition is...
a)
using too much fertilizer
b)
materials deposited into a new location as sediment
c)
rocks and materials being broken down
d)
materials being moved by water and wind
7.
Which of these often occur as the Earth's crustal plates move?
a)
earthquakes
b)
floods
c)
tornadoes
d)
hurricanes
8.
Mountains are formed by...
a)
wind slowly building up rocks
b)
erosion
c)
lowering of the sea level
d)
folding and faulting of the Earth's crust
9.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
10.
What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Magma
c)
Lava
d)
Volcano
11.

Fine, tiny pieces of rock that are weathered away from larger rocks.

a)

gravel

b)

boulders

c)

soil

d)

sediment

12.

The chemical, physical, or biological process which breaks down rock into sediment is called.

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

13.

When sediment is dropped and settles in a new location.

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

14.

What is the correct order of processes changing the Earth's surface?

a)

weathering-deposition-erosion

b)

deposition-weathering-erosion

c)

erosion-weathering-deposition

d)

weathering-erosion-deposition

15.

What are the four main layers of Earth?

a)

crust-mantle-outer core-inner core

b)

crust-sauce-cheese-pepperoni

c)

mantle-sediment-igneous-metamorphic

d)

weathering-erosion-deposition-abrasion

16.

A giant, slow moving sheet of ice and snow.

a)

avalanche

b)

glacier

c)

mudslide

d)

earthquake

17.

What does this picture show an example of?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

18.

What does this picture show an example of?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

19.

What does this picture show and example of?

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

20.

About how long has Earth existed?

a)

4.6 billion years

b)

1 billion years

c)

2,018 years

d)

2 million years

21.

The Earth's surface is composed of multiple large _________

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Earthquakes

c)

Plates

22.

What is the name of the super continent that once existed?

a)

Mesopotamia

b)

Pangaea

c)

Greece

d)

Jurassic

23.

What is NOT one piece of evidence for plate tectonics?

a)

The same species found on multiple continents

b)

The same types of rock found on multiple continents

c)

The outline of the continents fit together

d)

Different species found on different contients

24.

Plates move because of ___________ in the mantle.

a)

Earthquakes

b)

Volcanoes

c)

Convection Currents

25.

At convergent boundaries, plates move....

a)

Towards each other

b)

Away from each other

c)

Past each other

26.

At divergent boundaries, plates move....

a)

Towards each other

b)

Away from each other

c)

Past each other

27.

At transform boundaries, plates move....

a)

Towards each other

b)

Away from each other

c)

Past each other

28.

What type of landform/event occurs along convergent land to land boundaries?

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Mountains

c)

Earthquake

d)

New sea floor (crust)

29.

What type of landform/event occurs along divergent boundaries?

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Mountains

c)

Earthquakes

d)

New seafloor (Crust)

30.

The location where an oceanic plate is forced under the continental plate because of density is called...

a)

Divergent Boundary

b)

Subduction Zone

c)

Earthquake

31.

What two layers of the earth are involved in plate tectonics?

a)

Crust and mantle

b)

Crust and inner core

c)

Crust and outer core

d)

Outer core and mantle

32.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
33.
Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
34.
Waves dropping sand on the beach.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
35.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
36.
Delta's forming at the mouths of rivers.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
37.
What is the thinnest layer on Earth?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
38.
Which layer of the Earth consist of solid iron and nickel?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
39.

Which is the layer of the Earth that experiences convection and drives the movement of Earth’s tectonic plates?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

40.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place.
b)
makes the rocks last longer.
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks.
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides.
41.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Decomposition
42.

Idea states that broken pieces of lithosphere are in slow, constant motion due to convection currents in mantle.

a)

Continental Drift Theory

b)

asthenosphere

c)

Theory of Plate Tectonics

d)

Pangaea

43.

Sections of the Earth that causes plate tectonics to occur.

a)

continent

b)

magma

c)

conduction

d)

mantle

44.

Idea that the continents were once joined together in one giant land mass before they broke apart and moved.

a)

Theory of Plate Tectonics

b)

Pangaea

c)

Continent

d)

Continental Drift Theory

45.

Process that "powers' plate tectonics.

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

continent

d)

mantle

46.

When two continental plates collide, they create this physical feature.

a)

Mountains

b)

Divergent

c)

Volcano

d)

Transformation

47.

The physical feature formed where subduction occurs is

a)

Mountains

b)

Divergent

c)

Volcano

d)

Transform

48.

What happens in convection currents?

a)

Cold matter rises and hot matter sinks

b)

Rocky matter sinks and gas matter rises

c)

Hot matter rises and cold matter sinks

d)

Rivers of water flow along the oceans surface

49.

Where is the major source of energy from the Earth system?

a)

E

b)

F

c)

G

d)

L

50.
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a
a)
mid ocean ridge
b)
deep ocean trench
c)
rift valley
d)
mountain range
51.
What is happening at Z?
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
subduction zone
c)
transform boundary
d)
sea floor spreading
52.
Which type of plate boundary occurs at Y?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
sea floor spreading
53.
What is the theory of continental drift?
a)
the continents move slowly over Earth's surface
b)
continents moved millions of years ago but are now fixed
c)
the continents were once fixed, but have just now begun to move
d)
the continents are fixed in position
54.
What type of boundary creates a mountain chain?
a)
convergent ocean ocean
b)
convergent ocean continental
c)
convergent continental continental
d)
divergent
55.
Which of the following occurs because of convection currents?
a)
Tectonic plates on the crust move.
b)
The mantle increases in size.
c)
Pressure in the crust increases.
d)
Pressure in the crust decreases.
56.
Where does the heat come from that drives this convection current in the mantle? 
a)
The sun
b)
The crust
c)
the mantle
d)
the core
57.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
58.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
59.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
60.
A subduction zone is formed...
a)
when one tectonic plate sinks below another
b)
at every type of convergent plate boundary
c)
at every type of divergent plate boundary
d)
at transform boundaries
61.
Whenever a subduction zone is formed a ______ is formed.
a)
Mountain
b)
Island Arc
c)
Rift
d)
Volcano
62.
Plate movement is caused by ______________.
a)
the rotation of the Earth
b)
ocean tides
c)
convection currents in the mantle
d)
the moon's gravity
63.
What process created this canyon?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Erosion and weathering from the river
c)
Convergent Boundary
d)
Deposition
64.
Wegener's evidence supports his theory of a super continent that he named?
a)
Ultima
b)
Pangaea
c)
Plate Tectonics
d)
Continental Drift
65.
Divergent
a)
collide
b)
divide
c)
slide past each other
d)
none
66.
convergent
a)
collide
b)
divide
c)
slide past each other
d)
none
67.
Middle part of the mantle that is partially molten rock, or putty like, or semisolid.
a)
Asthenosphere
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Lithosphere
d)
Crust
68.
Thin layer that has two layer called oceanic and continental.  
a)
Crust
b)
Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Atmosphere
69.
Includes the crust and upper mantle that is divided into several constant moving plates of solid rock that floats on the layer below it. 
a)
Asthenosphere 
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Lithosphere 
d)
Crust
70.

Which of Earth's layers is best described as liquid metal?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

71.

What does layer D show?

a)

upper mantle

b)

lower mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

72.
Which layer of the earth has the lowest temperature?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
73.
Scientists determine what Earth’s interior looks like by using:
a)
Volcanoes
b)
Seismic Waves
c)
Continental Drift
d)
Convection Currents
74.
The Earth's magnetic field is caused by
a)
magnets put at the north and south poles
b)
convection currents in the mantle
c)
the lithosphere floating on the asthenosphere
d)
the solid inner core spinning inside the liquid outer core
75.
What happens to pressure as we move from the crust to the inner core?
a)
Pressure Decreases
b)
Pressure Increases
c)
Nothing
76.
What is the name of the layer that contains the uppermost mantle and crust
a)
Asthenosphere
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Lithosphere
d)
Transosphere
77.
Is the Outer core solid or liquid?
a)
solid
b)
liquid
78.
Which layer of Earth has the GREATEST density?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
79.

Which crust is thicker

a)

oceanic

b)

continental

c)

bread

d)

pizza

80.
What observation can we make about Earth’s lithosphere AND asthenosphere?
a)
The asthenosphere floats on top of the lithosphere.
b)
The crust and the core make up the lithosphere.
c)
The crust and mantle make up the asthenosphere. 
d)
The lithosphere floats on top of the asthenosphere
81.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
82.
Where does molten material from the mantle rise up during the process of sea-floor spreading?
a)
Along the mid-ocean ridge
b)
At the north and south poles 
c)
Along the edges of all the continents near the shoreline and beaches
d)
at the equator
83.
What is the driving force to plate tectonics occurring when warm magma rises and cooler magma sinks? 
a)
An oceanic current
b)
A conventional current
c)
A convection current
d)
A magnetic current
84.
Evidence to support continental drift included ______________.
a)
remains of human beings on a number of continents
b)
similar fossils found on different continents
c)
how the continents drifted
d)
written records
85.

Heat transfer by convection is caused by differences in what two things:

a)

Thickness and material

b)

Weight and electricity

c)

Temperature and density

86.
As you travel from the inner core to the crust, how would temperature, pressure and density of the material change?
a)
The would all increase
b)
The would all decrease.
c)
They would stay the same.  
d)
Temperature would decrease, but pressure and density would increase. 
87.
Earth's plates are...
a)
constantly moving and changing the face of the earth
b)
Never moves
c)
Moves seldom and very fast
d)
Moves when it feels like it
88.
Oceanic crust is
a)
Younger and less dense than continental crust
b)
Thinner, younger and more dense than continental crust
c)
Older, thicker and less dense that continental crust
d)
Bigger and younger than continental crust
89.
_________ are vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.
a)
Seismic Waves
b)
Rumbles
c)
Plate Tectonics
d)
Convection Currents
90.
What kind of wave travels through the earth?
a)
Seismic Wave
b)
Ocean Wave
c)
Light Wave
91.
Rocks in a riverbed become smooth from tumbling.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
92.
Acid rain dissolves rocks.
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
93.
Canyons and valleys formed by a river are in what shape?
a)
U shape
b)
V shape
94.
What agent creates a terminal moraine?
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Gravity
d)
Ice (Glaciers)
95.
Most erosional landforms are created by ____________.
a)
gravity
b)
ice (glaciers)
c)
water
d)
wind
96.
Is erosion a fast or a slow process? Is deposition a fast or a slow process?
a)
fast, fast
b)
fast, slow
c)
slow, fast
d)
slow, slow
97.

Rivers erode the land to make what shaped valleys?

a)

U shaped

b)

C shaped

c)

T shaped

d)

V shaped

98.

Meanders are what type of feature?

a)

A steep bank

b)

Turbulent water

c)

Winding curve shapes

d)

A U shaped lake

99.
What is the water cycle?
a)
the 3 forms of water
b)
the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
c)
when water melts
d)
when clouds form
100.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration

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