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Human Anatomy 2nd Semester Final Review

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the part highlighted in red?
a)
Cerebrum
b)
Cerebellum
c)
Brain Stem
d)
Diencephalon
2.
Identify the lobe of the brain that is highlighted.  
a)
frontal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
parietal
3.
Identify the lobe of the brain
a)
frontal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
parietal
4.
What is the largest area of the brain that controls everything conscious?
a)
Cerebellum
b)
Cerebrum
c)
Diencephalon
d)
Brain Stem
5.
This part is known as the "Little Brain" and is in charge of balance and coordinating movements.  
a)
Thalamus
b)
Reticular Formation
c)
Hypothalamus
d)
Cerebellum
6.
The area of the brain most associated with coordination and balance is the:
a)
Cerebellum
b)
Hippocampus
c)
Amygdala
d)
Pons
7.
The brain lobe controlling vision is the:
a)
Frontal
b)
Occipital
c)
Temporal
d)
Parietal
8.
The part of the neuron that conducts action potentials is the:
a)
Axon
b)
Dendrite
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Cell Body
9.
The part of the neuron that receives signals is the:
a)
Axon
b)
Dendrite
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Cell Body
10.
The depolarization phase of an action potential is caused by:
a)
Na+ rushing into the axon
b)
K+ rushing out of the axon
c)
Ca++ rushing into the axon
d)
Activation of Na/K pumps
11.
Which event characterizes repolarization?
a)
Na+ rushing into the axon
b)
K+ rushing out of the axon
c)
Ca++ rushing into the axon
d)
Activation of Na/K pumps
12.
Which photo-receptor cells in the human eye would be sensing light wavelengths in the red range?
a)
Rods
b)
Cones
c)
Melanopsin Producing Cells
d)
SupraChiasmatic Nuclei
13.
Heartbeat would be accomplished by which branch of the nervous system?
a)
Sensory
b)
Autonomic
c)
Motor
d)
Pineal
14.
This nervous system branch causes increases in heart rate and breathing.
a)
Sympathetic
b)
Parasympathetic
c)
Motor
d)
Sensory
15.
The nervous system is composed of the ___, ___, and ___.
a)
heart, brain, kidneys
b)
lungs, liver, stomach
c)
brain, spinal cord, nerves
d)
eyes, pancreas, veins
16.
Brain cells are called
a)
hemoglobin
b)
neurons
c)
brainpoppers
d)
alveoli
17.
This insulating material forms a layer, around the axon of a neuron.  It enables electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds.
a)
neuron
b)
myelin sheath
c)
dendrite
d)
neurotransmitter
18.
The brain and brain stem make up the:
a)
Peripheral Nervous System
b)
Somatic Nervous System
c)
Autonomic Nervous System
d)
 Central Nervous System
19.

What part of the brain deals with the thalamus and hypothalamus?

a)

Brain Stem

b)

Cerebellum

c)

diencephalan

d)

cerebrum

20.

The part of the PNS that controls involuntary actions

a)

autonomic nervous system

b)

somatic nervous system

c)

organic nervous system

d)

reflexive nervous system

21.
A chemical produced by neurons that carries messages to other neurons
a)
myelin sheath
b)
neurotransmitter
c)
axon
d)
axon terminal
22.
The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another.  It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite
a)
synapse
b)
axon terminal
c)
impulse
d)
myelin
23.

Which of the following cells protect the nervous system from infection

a)

microglial

b)

astrocyte

c)

oligodendrocyte

d)

ependymal cell

24.

Which of the following glial cells make spinal fluid

a)

astrocyte

b)

oligodendrocyte

c)

microglial cell

d)

ependymal cell

25.

What is the inner most meningeal layer of the brain?

a)

Arachnoid

b)

Dura mater

c)

Pia mater

d)

Ventricles

26.
The nerve cell that carries impulses from a sense receptor to the brain or spinal cord is a _____________.
a)
Motor Neuron
b)
Sensory Neuron
c)
Relay Neuron
27.
The nerve cell that connects sensory and motor neurons is a _______________.
a)
Motor Neuron
b)
Sensory Neuron
c)
Interneurons 
d)
Glial cells
28.
The nerve cell that transmits impulses from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.
a)
Motor Neuron
b)
Relay Neuron
c)
Sensory Neuron
d)
Schwann cell
29.
If a neuron responds at all, it responds completely. This is known as the
a)
threshold
b)
all-or-none response
c)
neuronal pool
d)
withdrawal reflex
30.
what are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
31.
Olfactory receptors can be found:
a)
on the tongue
b)
in the nose
c)
in the ear
d)
in the skin
32.
The outermost layer of the eye is the ?
a)
conjuctiva
b)
sclera
c)
retina
d)
choroid coat
33.
The circular, transparent part on the front of the sclera that allows light rays to enter the eye is the 
a)
pupil
b)
iris
c)
cornea
d)
conjunctiva
34.
The colored portion of the eye with an opening in the center called a pupil is the?
a)
sclera
b)
conjunctiva
c)
cornea
d)
iris
35.
The receptor for sound waves in the inner ear is the ?
a)
organ of corti
b)
cochlea
c)
semicircular canal
d)
vestibule
36.
The layer of the eye that is interfaced with blood vessels to nourish the eye is the ?
a)
choroid coat
b)
sclera
c)
retina
d)
cornea
37.

The.............carries visual messages to the brain.

a)

optic nerve

b)

taste buds

c)

receptors from the skin

d)

auditory nerve

e)

olfatory nerve

38.

What is detected by chemoreceptors?

a)

tastes

b)

sounds

c)

odors

d)

both a and c

39.

Of the following, which is NOT part of an eye?

a)

cochlea

b)

iris

c)

retina

d)

cornea

40.

Which neurons in your eye can detect all colors of light?

a)

Rods

b)

Pyramids

c)

Cubes

d)

Cones

41.
What other sense works closely with your sense of taste?
a)
Sense of sight
b)
Sense of hearing
c)
Sense of smell
42.
The opening in the center of the iris is the a. lens
 b. pupil
 c. retina
 d. cornea
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
43.
Two functions of the ear are to hear and to provide
   a. communication
 b. the sense of balance
 c. speech
 d. homeostasis
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
44.
The organ of hearing is located in the
   a. mastoid bone
 b. cochlea
 c. brain
 d. vestibule
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
45.

What are the different types of taste buds? Mark all that apply.

a)

Umami

b)

Sweet

c)

Sour

d)

Bitter

e)

Salty

46.

Taste buds are located primarily on the __________.

a)

upper palate

b)

tongue

c)

gums

d)

turbinates of the nose

e)

uvula

47.

The bending of light that happens at the cornea and lens is ________.

a)

accommodation

b)

reflection

c)

contraction

d)

refraction

48.
The tube that connects the ear to the pharynx
a)
esophagus
b)
Eustachian tube
c)
palatine
d)
tympanic
49.
sensors of the black and white shades
a)
cones
b)
conjunctiva
c)
rods
d)
schlera
50.
What is known as the "blind spot"?
a)
cornea
b)
optic disc
c)
optic nerve
d)
retina
51.
What is the name of the small bones in the ear?
a)
auricle
b)
ossicles
c)
cochlea
d)
tympanic membrane
52.
What is 4?
a)
lens
b)
optic disc
c)
cornea
d)
iris
53.
What is 5?
a)
retina
b)
cornea
c)
iris
d)
optic disc
54.
What number is the pupil?
a)
3
b)
2
c)
1
d)
4
55.
What carries signals from the nose  to the brain for processing?
a)
olfactory nerves
b)
receptor cells
c)
olfactory bulb
d)
auditory canal
56.
The anterior chamber of the eye is filled with 
a)
aqueous humor
b)
vitreous humor
c)
air
d)
tears
57.
the point of sharpest visual acuity is the 
a)
optic nerve
b)
retina
c)
fovea
d)
lens
58.
The ________ is located above the lateral end of each eye and releases tears
a)
lacrimal duct
b)
lacrimal gland
c)
lacrimal apparatus
d)
ceruminous gland
59.

Transparent jelly like tissue that fills the eyeball behind the lens.

a)

Vitreous humor

b)

Plasma

c)

Aqueous humor

d)

Eyeball juice

60.
The hormone that lowers blood sugar is:
a)
Insulin
b)
Glucagon
c)
Cortisol
d)
GnRH
61.
What is the endocrine system?
a)
senses the hormone levels in the blood
b)
controls all other endocrine glands
c)
A group of glands that work together with the nervous system to coordinate all body functions
d)
decreases bone calcium levels
62.
How many valves does  the heart have ? 
a)
7
b)
4
c)
3 
d)
2 
63.
How many chambers does the heart have ? 
a)
4
b)
6
c)
3
d)
1
64.
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right ventricle
65.
Systolic pressure measures which of the following?
a)
atrial contraction
b)
atrial relaxation
c)
ventricular contraction
d)
ventricular relaxation
66.
Which part of the heart pumps deoxygenated (oxygen-poor) blood?
a)
Left side
b)
Right side
c)
Top side
d)
Bottom side
67.
Which vessels carry blood to the heart?
a)
Veins
b)
Arteries
c)
Capillaries
68.
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
a)
Veins
b)
Arteries
c)
Capillaries
69.
_______ circulation takes blood from the heart to the lungs and back.
a)
Systemic
b)
Pulmonary
c)
Body
d)
Blood
70.
The bottom chambers of the heart are called
a)
ventricles
b)
atria
c)
vena cava
d)
valves
71.
Which of the following are the blood vessels that have a wall that is 1 cell thick?
a)
Veins
b)
Arteries
c)
Cappillaries
72.
What is the function of a valve?
a)
Helps blood to clot
b)
Keeps blood flowing in all directions
c)
Keeps blood flowing in one direction
d)
Stops blood from flowing
73.
Which is the muscular wall that separates the heart into right and left sides?
a)
valves
b)
ventricles
c)
atria
d)
septum
74.
Which stage of urine production involves the removal of substances from the bloodstream?
a)
reabsorption
b)
excretion
c)
filtration
d)
secretion
75.
A hollow muscular sac that holds up to 500 mL of urine:
a)
Bladder
b)
Kidney
c)
Ureter
d)
Urethra
76.
Which structure is a 'trapdoor' that prevents food from entering the trachea?
a)
epiglottis
b)
esophagus
c)
pharynx
d)
appendix
77.
Where does chemical digestion begin?
a)
Mouth
b)
esophagus
c)
stomach
d)
small intestine
78.
Where does absorption of food occur in the digestive system?
a)
small intestine
b)
large intestine
c)
stomach
d)
epiglottis
79.
____________ is when smooth muscles contract to gently move food through the alimentary canal.  It begins with swallowing.
a)
bolus
b)
peristalsis
c)
ulcer
d)
amylase
80.
Which is the correct pathway that food takes through the alimentary canal?
a)
mouth, stomach, esphagus, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
b)
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
c)
mouth, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine, stomach, rectum
d)
rectum, rectum, rectum.  Anal retentive teacher
81.
What is secreted in the stomach to kill bacteria?
a)
amylase
b)
Hydrochloric acid
c)
Sodium bicarbonate
d)
bile
82.

Which organ releases digestive enzymes into the small intestine?

a)

pancreas

b)

small intestine

c)

esophagus

d)

salivary glands

83.

What organ of the alimentary canal is located between the esophagus and the small intestine?

a)

stomach

b)

large intestines

c)

pharynx

d)

salivary glands

84.

The teeth and tongue of the oral cavity break foodstuff down physically. This is an example of

a)

mechanical digestion

b)

chemical digestion

c)

absorption

d)

peristalsis

85.

Which organ only stores the bile?

a)

liver

b)

gallbladder

c)

pancrease

86.

What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?

a)

allows us to speak

b)

to provide oxygen to the body cells for cellular respiration and eliminate carbon dioxide

c)

to provide carbon dioxide to the body cells for cellular respiration and eliminate oxygen

d)

to bring glucose to the body cell mitochondria

87.

Which structures comprise the upper respiratory system?

a)

Nose pharynx, larynx, trachea

b)

nose and pharynx

c)

bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

d)

Nose, pharynx and larynx

88.

This structure attached to the larynx flops over the entrance to the trachea during swallowing.

a)

Pharynx

b)

Tonsils

c)

Epiglottis

d)

Appendix

89.

This dome-shaped muscle flattens out and creates a larger chest cavity during inspiration

a)

Diaphragm

b)

Intercostal Muscles

c)

Pharynx

d)

Alveolus

90.

Oxygen and Carbon dioxide are exchanged across the alveolar and capillary membrane by

a)

Active Transport

b)

Osmosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Cellular Respiration

91.

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide are transported in the blood vessels by attaching to:

a)

White Blood Cells

b)

Red Blood Cells

c)

Plasma

d)

Platelets

92.

The lower respiratory tract includes

a)

Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchioles, Alveolus

b)

Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchioles

c)

Bronchus, Bronchioles and Alveolus

d)

Bronchioles and Alveolus

93.

What is the waste product of cellular respiration

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

ADP

d)

ATP

94.

These move microbes and debris up and out of the airways

a)

pharynx

b)

larynx

c)

Cilia

d)

trachea

95.
The actual gas exchange with the blood occurs in the 
a)
bronchi
b)
bronchioles
c)
alveoli
d)
ventricles

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