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Honors Evolution

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
______ _________ explains how two or more organisms could evolve similar traits even though they are not related to each other.
a)
convergent evolution
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
derived characters
d)
hybrid vigor
2.
A __________ is a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.
a)
cladogram
b)
table
c)
derived character
d)
relationship tree
3.
__________ characters are similar characteristics that have evolved separately in two unrelated organisms.
a)
analogous
b)
homologous
c)
cladistic
d)
phylogenic
4.
_________ characters may or may not be similar between two organisms but they developed from a common ancestor.
a)
homologous
b)
analogous
c)
cladistic
d)
phylogenic
5.
________ structures are reduced in size or function.
a)
vestigial
b)
homologous
c)
cladistic
d)
phylogenic
6.

What type of structures are shown?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Heterologous

7.

What type of structures are shown?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Heterologous

8.

What type of structures are shown?

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Heterologous

9.

The "Best" form of evidence for evolutionary relationships is-

a)

Molecular- DNA

b)

Fossils

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Analogous Structures

10.

All dogs have the common ancestor the wolf. This is an example of -

a)

divergent evolution

b)

convergent evolution

11.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
12.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
13.
the hind leg bones in a whale are examples of
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
fossils
d)
vestigals
14.
Remains of ancient organisms are called
a)
Extinctions
b)
Fossils
c)
Mutations
d)
Variations
15.
Darwin’s finches is an example of this type of evolution.
a)
Divergent
b)
Coevolution
c)
Convergent
d)
Artificial
16.
Wings of a bat and wings or an insect are an example of this…
a)
Homologous Structure
b)
Analogous Structure
c)
Vestigial Structure
d)
None of the above
17.

What does it mean when organisms share a common ancestor?

a)

They evolved from 1 species that lived in the past

b)

They are the same species

c)

The organisms have exactly the same traits

d)

The organisms are very different from one another

18.
In convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because they 
a)
have a common ancestor
b)
live in the same enviornment
c)
develop homologous structures
d)
are closely related 
19.
a)
The image shows analogous structures.
b)
The image shows convergent evolution.
c)
The image shows adaptive radiation. 
d)
The image shows organisms that are not closely related.
20.
a)
The image shows convergent evolution. 
b)
The image shows divergent evolution. 
c)
The image shows adaptive radiation.
d)
The image shows analogous structures.
21.
a)
The image shows convergent evolution.
b)
The image shows divergent evolution.
c)
The image shows adaptive radiation.
d)
The image shows homologous structures.
22.
Flying fish, flying birds, and bats are examples of which of the following?
a)
convergent evolution & homologous structures
b)
convergent evolution & analogous structures
c)
divergent evolution & homologous structures
d)
divergent evolution & analogous structures
23.
a)
A=convergent B=divergent C=adaptive radiation
b)
A=adaptive radiation B=convergent C=divergent
c)
A=divergent B=convergent C=adaptive radiation
d)
A=divergent B=adaptive radiation C=convergent
24.
What is the correct defintion of a species?
a)
Same type of organisms living in an area.
b)
Same type of organisms that can reproduce.
c)
Organisms that can reproduce and fertilize offspring.
d)
Organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring.
25.

Cichlid fishes in lakes of the East African Rift. The lakes in this area are believed to support and sustain about 2,000 different species of these fish, each with different ecological and morphological characteristics such as body size. These lakes form a fragmented landscape that bio-geographically isolates the different species of cichlid fish from one another, allowing them, and many of the organisms they live with, to evolve separately.

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

26.

In the frigid waters of the ocean surrounding Antarctica, fish have a special trait which allows them to survive the big chill. As scientists discovered in the 1960s, the fish have adapted by evolving a kind of antifreeze. It's composed of molecules called glycoproteins that circulate in the blood of the fishes, slightly lowering the temperature at which their body fluids would otherwise freeze and kill them. The glycoproteins surround tiny ice crystals and keep them from growing. The fish at the other pole of the globe also have a similar protein. It was, however, seen as a mutation after they had diverged from the southern species.

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

27.

The Rough-skinned newt produces a potent neurotoxin that concentrates in their skin. Garter snakes, have evolved resistance to this toxin through a series of genetic mutations, and prey upon the newts. The relationship between these animals has resulted in an evolutionary arms race that has driven toxin levels in the newt to extreme levels.

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

28.

The Apple Maggot Fly infests the fruit of a native North American Hawthorn Apple tree. In the 1860s some maggot flies began to infest apples. Now there are two populations of the fly feeding on the two food sources. The populations rarely interbreed and are showing genetic differences and therefore are becoming two separate species.

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

29.
What type of reproductive barrier separates species because one mates at dawn and the other at dusk?
a)
Habitat Isolation
b)
Behavioral Isolation
c)
Temporal Isolation
d)
Embryo Isolation
30.
The model that predicts evolution occurs in rapid bursts followed by long periods of no change is called...
a)
gradualism
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
convergent evolution 
31.
What type of evolution is the following:
Ostriches (birds) and giraffes (mammals) are both native to the savannahs of Africa. They share the same characteristic of a very long neck.
a)
Divergent Evolution
b)
Convergent Evolution
c)
Co-Evolution
d)
Punctuated Equilibrium
32.
What type of evolution is the following:
Ants are the correct size and weight needed to open the flowers of the peony plant. The peony plant provides food for the ant and the ant fertilizes the peony's flowers.
a)
Divergent Evolution
b)
Convergent Evolution
c)
Co-Evolution
d)
Punctuated Equilibrium
33.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
34.
Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
temporal isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
35.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
a)
speciation
b)
biological species concept
c)
reproductive barrier
d)
natural selection
36.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
37.
Based on the phylogenic tree, which of these shows a correct ancestral lineage?
a)
E is an ancestor to F and G
b)
C is an ancestor to D and E
c)
B is an ancestor to A
d)
E is an ancestor to H and I
38.
How does embryology support the Theory of Evolution?
a)
It shows that they have a common ancestor because of their similarities.
b)
         I'm not sure.
c)
Animals change over time. 
39.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to: 
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
40.

_________________ show clear changes in an organism over time, the environment organisms lived in, the time period the organism lived in, and where the organism lived.

a)

DNA

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Fossils

d)

Homologous structures

41.

Tiktaalik is an important ____________________because it shows how fish evolved into tetrapods.

a)

theory

b)

funny name

c)

transition fossil

d)

omnivore

42.

The coelacanth is considered a __________________because it existed for a long time, then there was a gap in the fossil record, and it has been discovered living in modern times.

a)

scary sea creature

b)

monster

c)

fish

d)

living fossil

43.

Which of the following statements supports the idea that fossils can be used as evidence of evolution?

a)

ancient organisms were all very different than today's organisms

b)

all organisms alive today have left fossil evidence

c)

fossils are often similar, but not identical to, modern organisms

d)

fossils show no differences to modern organisms

44.

What did scientists in the Caribbean Islands learn about the specieation of the anole lizards?

a)

Each body type evolved repeatedly and independently on each island

b)

Different body types evolved only once, & then populations of individuals with those body types ended up on different islands

c)

All islands had unique anole species.

d)

Speciation of anole lizards was hampered by strong hurricanes

45.

All of the following are prezygotic isolating mechanisms EXCEPT

a)

species reproduce at different seasons or different times of the day

b)

a hybrid is made from tow different species but it is sterile

c)

individuals respond to different songs, calls or other signals

d)

species at the same location occupy different habitats

46.

Horses and donkeys are separate species, but they can mate and produce a mule. Which of the following is the best description of mules?

a)

they are the result of prezygotic speciation and they will die early

b)

they are the result of prezygotic speciation and will inherit the best features of both parents

c)

they are the result of postzygotic speciation and they will be given a new scientific name

d)

they are the result of postzygotic speciation and they will unable to produce fertile offspring

47.

Which of the following is true of evolution?

a)

individuals evolve, populations do not

b)

individuals evolve; individuals do not

c)

traits like scars and long hair are passed on to offspring

d)

individuals evolve more slowly than populations

48.

Evolution occurring gradually and slowly over long periods of time

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Stasis

c)

Punctuated Equilibrium

d)

Gradualism

49.

The main difference between a cladogram and a phylogenic tree is that...

a)

a cladogram does not produce a new branch for every unique trait being observed

b)

a phylogenic tree represents distance of relatedness in time and trait similarities

c)

a cladogram represents distance of relatedness in time and trait similarities

d)

a phylogenic tree produces a new branch for every unique trait being observed

50.

How do we know when speciation has occurred?

a)

two organisms of different species can produce offspring

b)

two organisms of the same species no longer live in the same area

c)

when two organisms in the same species can no longer produce fertile offspring

d)

mutations occur and we see it in their DNA

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