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Molecular fellow pre-quiz

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
2.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
3.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
4.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Protein Synthesis

5.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is NOT in DNA?
a)
Uracil
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Guanine
6.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is classified as a purine?
a)
Adenine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
7.
What type of RNA carries the DNA message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
RNA
d)
DNA
8.
What do we call the process of turning DNA into mRNA?
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription 
c)
Replication
9.

What is a Codon?

a)

4 base pairs that transfer to amino acids

b)

3 base pairs that transfer to amino acids

c)

3 base pairs that transfer to DNA

d)

3 base pairs that transfer to mRNA

10.
When transferring tRNA to amino acids, the process cannot begin until it reaches a...
a)
Beginning codon
b)
Start codon 
c)
Initiator codon
d)
Anticodon
11.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA?
a)
 Met-Pro-Val-Stop
b)
Met-Pro-Arg-Stop
c)
 Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
12.
Where does Translation occur?
a)
Proteins
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cytoplasm
13.

If there is 22% Cytosine, how much of all the other bases are there?

a)

22% C, 22% G, 28% A, and 28%T

b)

22% C, 28% G, 22% A, and 28%T

c)

22% C, 28% G, 28% A, and 22%T

14.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is classified as a pyrimidine?
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
15.
Which type of mutation replaces a base or amino acid with a different base or amino acid
a)
deletion
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
16.
The code for a given amino acid consists of ____ base(s).
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
17.
Which type of mutation adds a base or amino acid into the code
a)
deletion
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
18.
What has happened to this pair of DNA strands:
AATTGGCATAG
TTAACGGTATC
a)
deletion of a base causing a mutation
b)
substitution of a base causing a mutation
c)
insertion of a base causing a mutation
d)
no change of a base causing no mutation
19.
What has happened to this pair of DNA strands:
AATTGGCATAG
TTAACCGTATC
a)
deletion of a base causing a mutation
b)
substitution of a base causing a mutation
c)
insertion of a base causing a mutation
d)
no change of a base causing no mutation
20.
What has happened to this pair of DNA strands:
AATTGGCATAG
TTAACCGTATCA
a)
deletion of a base causing a mutation
b)
substitution of a base causing a mutation
c)
insertion of a base causing a mutation
d)
no change of a base causing no mutation
21.
How many hydrogen bonds form between Cytosine and Guanine?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
22.
I have a strand of 33 bases.  How many amino acids do I code for in this strand?
a)
5
b)
7
c)
9
d)
11
23.

How do restriction enzymes "know" where to cut DNA

a)

A specific sequence of nucleotides

b)

They cut randomly

c)

Distance from the centromere

24.

"Sticky-ends" are DNA strands with:

a)

single-stranded ends

b)

ends cut flat by an enzyme

c)

no way to be recombined

25.

Gel electrophoresis sorts DNA based on:

a)

fragment length

b)

fragement sequence

26.

During gel electrophoresis, which substance acts like a filter?

a)

Gel

b)

Electricity

c)

Saline solution

27.

A circular piece of DNA, found in bacteria, is called:

a)

A plasmid

b)

mRNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleotide

28.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
29.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body.  What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
30.
Females-XX; MalesXY.  A couple has 4 girls.  What is the chance the next child will be a boy?
a)
75%
b)
100%
c)
25%
d)
50%
31.

When a nucleotide is added to a DNA sequence, which of the following will occur?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Gene Duplication

32.

What type of mutation is shown?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Trisomy

c)

Monosomy

d)

Gene Translocation

33.

What type of mutation is shown in the image?

a)

Frameshift

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

d)

Silent Mutation

34.

A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence is known as a(n) ____________ mutation.

a)

Frameshift

b)

Nonsense

c)

Missense

d)

Synonymous

35.

What type of mutation is shown in the image?

a)

Nondisjunction

b)

Gene Translocation

c)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

d)

Frameshift

36.

What causes "sickle shaped" blood cells?

a)

Point Mutation

b)

Frameshift Mutation

c)

Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

d)

Gene Translocation

37.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
38.

Having two different genes for a trait .

a)

protein

b)

homozygous

c)

heterozygous

d)

genotype

39.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
40.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
41.

What is the name for protein being formed from RNA?

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Extension

42.

How many human chromosomes are there?

a)

46

b)

44

c)

32

d)

23

43.

How is mitochondrial DNA inherited?

a)

Autosomal recessive

b)

Autosomal dominant

c)

Maternally

d)

Paternally

44.

What is the cytogenetic term for having 44 chromosomes?

a)

Euploid

b)

Hyperdiploid

c)

Monosomy

d)

Hypodiploid

45.

What is the karotype for Turner's syndrome?

a)

XX

b)

XXY

c)

XYY

d)

XO

46.

What is the karyotype for Klinefelter's syndrome?

a)

XX

b)

XXY

c)

XYY

d)

XO

47.

Which of the following cells contains a PCR inhibitor?

a)

White blood cells

b)

Red blood cells

c)

Platelets

48.

Gene expression refers to:

a)

DNA

b)

cDNA

c)

mRNA

d)

siRNA

49.

An arrangement of microscopic spots of probes on a solid surface is called a(n):

a)

Array

b)

Genome

c)

Chip

50.

The telomere is indicated by which letter?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

51.

At what phase in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

S

d)

M

52.

Which of the following would describe an oncogene?

a)

Normally functions to repair DNA

b)

Created by loss of function mutations

c)

Created by mutating 1 allele

53.

The presence of two identical copies of a chromosomal region is referred to as:

a)

Copy number variation

b)

Duplication

c)

Loss of heterozygosity

d)

Frameshift insertion

54.

This pedigree indicates what type of inheritance?

a)

Autosomal recessive

b)

X-linked

c)

Mitochondrial

d)

Adutosomal dominant

55.

A DNA change with a minor allele frequency of 0.03 is called a:

a)

Polymorphism

b)

Mutation

c)

Pathogenic variant

d)

Common allele

56.

If curve D has 10 copies of BCR/ABL1, how many copies does curve A represent?

a)

1.25

b)

3.3

c)

60

d)

80

57.

The steps of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are:

a)

Unwinding, binding, replication

b)

Transcription, translation, translocation

c)

Denaturation, annealing, elongation

d)

Leading and lagging strand synthesis

58.

What is the chance that a couple will have 3 girls?

a)

50%

b)

33%

c)

25%

d)

12.5%

59.

Have you ever extracted DNA?

a)

Yes

b)

No

60.

Have you ever performed PCR?

a)

Yes

b)

No

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