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Freshwater and marine ecosystems review 2019

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are tiny organisms that float near the surface of the water?
a)
plankton
b)
organisms
c)
abiotic factor
d)
insects
2.
True of False: The temperature of the ocean water decreases as the depth of the water increases.
a)
True
b)
False
3.
True or False: Temperature does NOT affect the animals that live in marine ecosystems.
a)
True
b)
False
4.
The _________ zone is the ocean floor.
a)
intertidal
b)
neritic
c)
oceanic
d)
benthic
5.
The __________ zone is the place where the ocean meets the land.
a)
intertidal
b)
neritic
c)
oceanic
d)
benthic
6.
In the _________ zone, the sea floor drops sharply.
a)
intertidal
b)
neritic
c)
oceanic
d)
benthic
7.
The deepest parts of the benthic zone do not get any _________.
a)
sunlight
b)
food
c)
fish
d)
chemicals
8.
Through evaporation, the ocean provides most of the water that makes up Earth's _____________.
a)
precipitation
b)
condensation
c)
evaporation
9.
An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spills into the ocean is called an _____________.
a)
plankton
b)
estuary
c)
sargassums
d)
coral reefs
10.
Where are most coral reefs found?
a)
warm, shallow areas of the neritic zone
b)
deepest, dark areas of the benthic zone
c)
deep water of the open ocean
11.
What is the study of lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams called?
a)
Marine Biology
b)
Botany
c)
Limnology
d)
Limnologist
12.
What are organisms living on, near, or in the sediment of lakes called?
a)
Nektonic
b)
Planktonic
c)
Limnetic
d)
 Benthic
13.
This lake zone suffers from a lack of light and has limited photosynthesis:
a)
Littoral
b)
Benthic
c)
Profundal
d)
Limnetic
14.
Where would you find cattails and reeds?
a)
Limnetic zone
b)
Littoral zone
c)
Profundal zone
d)
Benthic zone
15.
Which zone contains the most life in a lake or pond?
a)
Littoral zone around the shoreline
b)
Profundal zone in the deep and dark
c)
Benthic zone in the sediment
d)
Limnetic zone in the open lake as far as light reaches
16.
Plankton are NOT....
a)
top carnivores of pond food webs
b)
tiny, microscopic organisms
c)
easy prey for other aquatic life
d)
producers
17.
Algae might grow faster in the summer months due to?
a)
Warmer water
b)
Decrease in sediments
c)
Increase in snails
d)
Decrease in available dissolved nutrients
18.
Which lake is the deepest in the world with its deepest point at 5,387 feet deep?
a)
Lake Baikal
b)
Lake Superior
c)
Lake Michigan
d)
Lake Tahoe
19.
What is the world's largest freshwater fish growing up to 15 feet long and weighing up to 2,500 lbs?
a)
Beluga Sturgeon
b)
Nile Perch
c)
Alligator Gar
d)
Mekong Giant Catfish
20.
Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?
a)
Walrus
b)
Squid
c)
Salinity
d)
Algae
21.
Which of the following is an abiotic factor that affects marine ecosystems?
a)
Pressure
b)
Algae
c)
Pedators
d)
Food Web
22.
Which of the following organisms pulls carbon from the atmosphere to make food?
a)
Dolphins
b)
Sharks
c)
Phytoplankton
d)
Fish
23.
Which of the following is the process of pulling CO2 form the atmosphere to make food?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Cellular Respiration
c)
Decomposition
d)
Nitrification
24.
When plants and animals die their bodies _______ and carbon atoms are returned to the atmosphere.
a)
Cellular Respiration
b)
Decomposition
c)
Nitrification
d)
Photosynthesis
25.
Which of the following does NOT release access carbon into the atmosphere?
a)
Driving a Car
b)
Drinking from plastic bottles
c)
Leaving on the lights
d)
Leaving the faucet running
26.
Where is the largest store of carbon contained?
a)
Atmosphere
b)
Oceans
c)
Fossil Fuels
d)
Plants
27.

The marine ecosystem providing the most habitat and with the MOST diversity is

a)

sandy beach

b)

rocky shore

c)

coral reef

d)

kelp forest

28.

The picture shows a

a)

coral reef

b)

kelp forest

c)

open ocean

d)

estuary

29.

The sandy beach has

a)

low diversity, low population numbers

b)

low diversity, high population numbers

c)

high diversity, low population numbers

d)

high diversity, high population numbers

30.

Adaptations for attachment and the ability to bend with the waves, as well as to protect against drying out, are part of organisms in this ecosystem:

a)

coral reef

b)

estuary

c)

rocky shore

d)

kelp forest

31.

This picture shows a(n)

a)

sandy beach

b)

open ocean

c)

kelp forest

d)

estuary

32.

The BIGGEST function of an estuary is providing

a)

salt products

b)

a nursery for baby organisms

c)

recreation

d)

most of the world's oxygen

33.

Which ecosystem provides most of the world's oxygen?

a)

kelp forest

b)

estuary

c)

coral reef

d)

open ocean

34.

In which ecosystem would we find barnacles, seastars, birds, mussels and seaweed?

a)

rocky shore

b)

kelp forest

c)

coral reef

d)

none of these

35.

3 ecosystems, in order from LOWEST to HIGHEST diversity, are:

a)

estuary, sandy beach, rocky shore

b)

sandy beach, kelp forest, coral reef

c)

coral reef, open ocean, sandy beach

d)

sandy beach, coral reef, rocky shore

36.
WHEN A LEECH FEEDS OFF OF A LIVING ORGANISMS BLOOD IT IS CALLED...
a)
PREDATION
b)
COMPETITION
c)
PARASITISM
37.
WHEN SMALLER FISH EAT THE LEFTOVERS THAT FALL UNDER A SHARK AS THE SHARK EATS WE CALL THIS...
a)
MUTUALISM 
b)
COMMENSALISM
38.
WHICH STATEMENT ILLUSTRATES HOW HUMAN ACTIVITIES CAN CHANGE THE DIVERSITY OF AN ECOSYSTEM?
a)
GREENHOUSE EFFECT
b)
STRANGE WEATHER
c)
WATER POLLUTION
39.

Ecosystems are areas made up of both living and non-living things. What are the living elements of an ecosystem called?

a)

Abiotic

b)

Biotic

c)

Primary Producers

d)

Primary Consumers

40.

One abiotic element of a marine ecosystem is:

a)

fish

b)

algae

c)

bacteria

d)

salinity

41.

The vast majority (over 95%) of aquatic ecosystems are made up of this type of environment.

a)

Freshwater

b)

Brackish water

c)

Marine (saltwater)

d)

Bottled water

42.

This freshwater ecosystem plays a vital role in filtering pollutants, serving as a breeding ground for organisms, and preventing flooding.

a)

Freshwater Wetlands

b)

Intertidal Zones

c)

Open Ocean

d)

Coral Reefs

43.

What ecosystem would you most likely find the humpback whale?

a)

Open Ocean

b)

River

c)

Esturay

d)

Freshwater Wetland

44.

True or false: dead zones can occur in both fresh and marine waters around the world.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The Photic Zone (Sunlight Zone) houses 90% of life in our oceans. Why?

a)

Phytoplankton (base of the food chain) conducting phtosynthesis

b)

Apex predators (top of the food chain) consuming large marine organisms

c)

Most ocean life tends to float to the top layer of the ocean

d)

This is a great place for fish to hide from predators

46.

As saltwater evaporates in a tide pool what happens to the salinity level of that water?

a)

decreases

b)

stays the same

c)

increases

47.

Depending on the surrounding soil and bedrock most lakes, ponds, and streams have a pH of:

a)

6 to 8

b)

0 to 1

c)

13 to 14

d)

Exactly 7 Always!

48.
Coral reefs provide
a)
shelter
b)
tourism
c)
protection from storms
d)
all the above
49.
What percent of all the plants and animals in the ocean live around coral reefs?
a)
25 percent
b)
30 percent
c)
50 percent
d)
10 percent
50.
What builds up over time to form a reef?
a)
Sand
b)
Coral skeletons
c)
Fish bones
d)
Rocks
51.
Coral reefs are important to medical research.
a)
true
b)
false
52.
What are the two kinds of coral?
a)
Blue and yellow
b)
Hard and slimy
c)
Hard and soft
d)
Soft and delicate
53.
Greenland sharks can live 
a)
50 years
b)
100 years
c)
between 260 and 400 years
d)
2 months
54.
Who causes the most damage to coral reefs?
a)
Whales
b)
Fish
c)
Boats
d)
Humans
55.
What is a tiny individual coral animal?
a)
Polyps
b)
Crevice
c)
Atolls
d)
Erosion
56.
The expulsion of zooxanthellae due to unfavorable conditions is called
a)
Exudation
b)
Bleaching
c)
Decalcification
d)
Denudation
57.
Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?
a)
Puerto Rico
b)
Florida
c)
Indonisia
d)
Australia
58.
What is the main abiotic factor that will determine the location of a reef?
a)
light
b)
depth
c)
salinity
d)
temperature
59.
Coral polyps eat zooxanthellae
a)
True
b)
False
60.
Which coral-consuming organism has jaws so powerful it can bite through rock?
a)
Parrotfish
b)
King Crab
c)
Polyps
d)
Whale Sharks
61.
All living things in an ecosystem:
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Ecosystem
d)
Organism
62.
One individual living thing:
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Organism
d)
Ecosystem
63.
Group of organisms of the same species, in the same place at the same time.
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Ecosystem
d)
Ecology
64.
The variety of living things, different species:
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Ecology
c)
Biodiversity
d)
Community
65.
Arctic ecosystems are considered marine ecosystems because nearly all the_________ in this area comes from the ocean.
a)
Animals
b)
Food
c)
Snow
d)
Fresh water
66.
Which of the following is a factor that influences where an organism lives in an aquatic ecosystem?
a)
sunlight
b)
nutrient availability 
c)
temperature
d)
all of the above
67.
The bottom area of a pond or lake.
a)
Littoral zone
b)
Benthic zone
c)
Swamp
d)
Barrier island
68.
Bottom dwelling organisms.
a)
Plankton
b)
Fish
c)
Mammals
d)
Benthos
69.
Free swimming organisms
a)
Benthos
b)
Nekton
c)
Amoba
d)
Crustacean
70.
Organisms that cannot swim against current.
a)
Fish
b)
Plankton
c)
Crustacean
d)
Benthos
71.
Why does photosynthesis not occur in the deep ocean? 
a)
Lack of nutrients
b)
Low oxygen levels
c)
Excess sunlight
d)
Sunlight does not penetrate
72.
The role or function or job of a species in a community.
a)
habitat
b)
diet
c)
niche
d)
ecosystem
73.
This is called
a)
ecological succession
b)
abiotic factors
c)
niche partitioning
d)
biodiversity
74.
Zooxanthelle  are found in 
a)
Kelp
b)
Sand
c)
Coral
d)
Deep Sea Volcanoes
75.
This is a
a)
white mangrove
b)
red mangrove
c)
black mangrove
d)
red cypress tree
76.
Red mangroves 
a)
are much like normal trees thus growing well past the high tide line
b)
have their roots coming out of the trunk thus propping them up in the water
c)
have many roots poking out of the mud exposed to the air
d)
are a species of fish
77.
In Antartic ecosystems, all animals depend on which species in the food chain? 
a)
Penguins
b)
Polar bears
c)
Krill
d)
Leopard seals
78.
If the water bug population suddenly decreased dramatically, which organism would be effected immediately?
a)
Dragonfly
b)
Daphnia
c)
Tadpole
d)
Kookaburra
79.
a)
Producers
b)
Decomposers
c)
Omnivores
d)
Predators
80.
As ecosystems move through the stages of succession, the populations of organisms in them change. Which of the following describes the stage of succession likely to have the most species diversity?
a)
A newly formed volcanic island
b)
An agricultural field that has not been plowed for one year
c)
A temperate forest that has never been cleared by logging
d)
A field that is regularly mowed

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