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WorksheetsTest 4 Review - Genetics, Gene Expression
Total questions: 102
Worksheet time: 2hrs 51mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
B=brown eyes
b= blue eyes
What is true about two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
b= blue eyes
What is true about two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
2.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
3.
Pea plants can have green or yellow seeds. In a pea plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds masks the effects of the allele of green seeds. Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow seeds?
a)
codominant
b)
recessive
c)
dominant
d)
sex-linked
4.
In mussels, the allele for brown coloring (B) is dominant, and the allele for blue coloring(b) is recessive. For which parental genotypes are 100% of the offspring expected to be blue?
a)
BbxBb
b)
bbxbb
c)
BBxbb
d)
BBxBB
5.
In guinea pigs, the alleles for black hair(B) is dominant to the allele for brown hair(b). Two black-haired guinea pigs are crossed. One of the pigs is homozygous for black hair and one is heterozygous. What percentage of their offspring are expected to have black hair?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
6.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
7.
The genotype of an organism describes the
a)
codons that make up the genes
b)
number of gene's on the chromosmes
c)
genetic make-up of a trait
d)
type of chromosomes in the nucleus
8.
Which best explains why children resemble their parents?
a)
they eat same foods
b)
they have similar DNA
c)
they speak the same language
d)
they have the same interests
9.
Two heterozygous (Tt)tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100%short
10.
In a flowering plant species, red flower cover is dominant over white flower color. What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
red and white alleles present on one chromosme
b)
red and white alleles present on two chromosomes
c)
a red allele present on both chromosmes
d)
a red allele present on at least one of the two homologous chromosomes.
11.
R=round seed
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled. Which statement predicts the results?
r=wrinkled seed.
Cross a homozygous round with a wrinkled. Which statement predicts the results?
a)
offspring will be Rr
b)
offspring will be RR
c)
round seeds will be recessive to wrinkled
d)
Wrinkled will be observed in half of offspring
12.
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?
a)
Chromosomes are made of DNA
b)
DNA is made of chromosomes
c)
DNA and chromosomes are the same thing.
d)
All of the above are correct
13.
A ________________________ is a tool used to predict the possible genotype from certain parents
a)
Mendel Grid
b)
Genetic Tic Tac Toe
c)
Punnett Square
d)
Pedigree Plot
14.
The dominant trait is
a)
yellow pea seeds
b)
green pea seeds
c)
there is no dominant seed
d)
Jolly green giant
15.
What are the possible genotypes for this cross?
a)
TT = 25% Tt= 50% tt=25%
b)
all tall
c)
TT= 75% tt = 25%
d)
Tt = 100%
16.
___________________________ is the study of how traits are passed on, or inherited.
a)
dominant traits
b)
ratio
c)
phenotype
d)
genetics
17.
Two brown eyed parents which are both heterozygous(Bb) have a baby. What is the possibility of the baby being blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
18.
What term describes what you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
19.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both
20.
Two heterozygous parents produce offspring. What is the probability of the HETEROZYGOUS GENOTYPE appearing in the offspring generation?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
21.
Two heterozygous parents produce offspring. What is the probability of the HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT GENOTYPE appearing in the offspring generation?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
22.
HH crossed with Hh. What is the probability of hh?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
23.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
24.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
25.
A matching pair of alleles are called
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
homozygous
26.
What would the genotypes be?
a)
TT, TT, Tt, Tt
b)
TT, Tt, Tt, tt
c)
Tt, Tt, tt, tt
d)
None of the above
27.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
28.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
29.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
30.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
31.
In pea plants, the trait for tall stems is dominant over the trait for short stems. If two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
32.
One of the parents of a child has phenylketonuria (PKU), which is caused by recessive alleles. The other parent does not have the PKU alleles. What is the chance that the couple will have a child with phenylketonuria?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
33.
The observable traits of an organism are known as its
a)
allele
b)
dominance
c)
phenotype
d)
genotype
34.
Each parent contributes one of the genes for a particular trait. The genes of the pair are called:
a)
variables
b)
gametes
c)
hybrids
d)
alleles
35.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are homozygous for the recessive allele, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit tallness is
a)
25%
b)
75%
c)
100%
d)
0%
36.
In snapdragons, Tallness (T) is dominant to dwarfness (t). In a cross between two plants that are heterozygous for this trait, the percent of offspring expected to exhibit dwarfness is
a)
25%
b)
100%
c)
50%
d)
0%
37.
The color black is dominant in guinea pigs. The phenotypes of homozygous black guinea pigs and heterozygous black guinea pigs are:
a)
black
b)
gray
c)
BB and Bb
d)
white
38.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that is controlled by a recessive allele. If a person suffering from CF were to marry an individual who is heterozygous for the trait, what % of their children could be expected to unaffected carriers of the trait? Ignore issues of sterility in persons with CF.
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
50%
39.
Tay Sachs disease is a fatal genetic disorder. Children born with this disorder generally die before they are five years old. A couple has had three children who died of Tay Sachs. About this couple it can safely be assumed that:
a)
any children they have in the future will also die from this disease
b)
they are both heterozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
c)
they are both homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
d)
one is heterozygous and the other is homozygous for the Tay Sachs trait
40.
In pea plants, the allele for green pods (G) is dominant and the allele for yellow pods (g) is recessive. A researcher crosses two green pea plants, and the in F1 generation, all of the offspring exhibit green pods. Can you determine the genotypes of both parents
a)
No, they could be Gg and GG OR GG and GG
b)
Yes, they are Gg and GG
c)
Yes, they are GG and GG
d)
No, they could be Gg and Gg OR GG and Gg
41.
Q2. What would be the expected ratio of genotypes in a cross between two parents who were both heterozygous?
a)
100% homozygous dominant
b)
50% homozygous dominant, 50% homozygous recessive
c)
25% homozygous dominant, 50% heterozygous, 25% homozygous recessive
d)
100% homozygous recessive
e)
100% heterozygous
42.
Q4. If one parent has two genes for brown eyes (BB) and the other has two genes for blue eyes (bb), what is the chance that their offspring will have blue eyes?
a)
50%
b)
25%
c)
0%
d)
100%
43.
A gardener is interested in growing pea plants of a particular height. He draws a Punnett square to display all the possible combinations of alleles when two hybrid pea plants are crossed to help him determine the possible genotypes of the offspring. T represents the dominant allele for tall plants, and t represents the recessive allele for short plants. The genotype of one parent plant is shown on the top of the square, and the other parent’s genotype is shown on the left of the square. The genotypes of the offspring are shown in the boxes. The Punnett square is shown here:
Q11. What is the probability that an offspring will be tall?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
100%
44.
Q13. What does it mean for a gene to be sex-linked?
a)
It is found in only one gender: either male or female
b)
It is located on autosomes
c)
It is a gene located on the X or Y chromosome
d)
It is a gene that only affects the reproductive structures of an organism
45.
The genotype for BB is
a)
homozygous recessive
b)
homozygous dominant
c)
heterzygous
46.
The genotype for Tt is
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
heterozygous
c)
homozygous recessive
47.
The genotype for rr is
a)
homozygous recessvie
b)
homozygous dominat
c)
heterozygous
48.
An example of heterozygous genotype would be
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
49.
An example of homozygous recessive genotype would be
a)
NN
b)
Nn
c)
nn
50.
An example of homozygous dominant genotype would be
a)
Cc
b)
CC
c)
cc
51.
another term for purebred or true-breeding
a)
heterozygous
b)
homozygous
c)
homeostasis
d)
heterostasis
52.
a segment of DNA that controls a specific trait
a)
gene
b)
chromosome
c)
DNA
d)
plasmid
53.
the physical appearance of a trait
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
allele
d)
Pp
54.
the two alleles for a trait; type of genetics for the trait
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
c)
allele
d)
fertilization
55.
the law that states alleles FOR DIFFERENT TRAITS segregate individually when gametes are made
a)
dominance
b)
segregation
c)
independent assortment
d)
evolutionary theory
56.
Ff x ff. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
a)
1:2:1
b)
2:2
c)
1:3
d)
3:1
57.
In humans, tasting and tongue rolling are not linked. A woman is heterozygous for both traits (TtRr). How many different allele possibilities can be found in her eggs?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
8
d)
16
58.
Which pattern of inheritance causes a heterozygous individual to display a blend of the two phenotypes?
a)
codomiance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple allele
d)
sex-linked
59.
Which statement is FALSE regarding sex-linked (X-linked) traits?
a)
more common in boys than girls
b)
females with the trait have dads with the trait
c)
boys receive the allele for the trait from their mothers
d)
girls always pass the trait onto their daughters
60.
Two parents with blood type-o have four children. What is the probability of the child also being type-o?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
61.
Which pattern of inheritance causes a phenotype to be determined by many genes?
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
multiple allele
d)
polygenic
62.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
63.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
64.
How many boys did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
65.
In the second generation-how many people have the disease or display the physical trait?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
66.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
67.
How many individuals are there in the 3rd generation?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
68.
How many people in this whole pedigree have the trait/disease?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
69.
How many people in the pedigree are carriers for the disorder?
a)
6
b)
8
c)
2
d)
9
70.
Looking at this pedigree, how many family members have the disease?
a)
4
b)
7
c)
All
d)
None
71.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier.
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
72.
How many people in the pedigree are carriers for the disorder?
a)
6
b)
8
c)
2
d)
9
73.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
74.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
75.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
76.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
77.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
78.
This pedigree shows the inheritance of colorblindness.
What is the genotype for individual IV-1?
What is the genotype for individual IV-1?
a)
XBXB
b)
XbXb
c)
XBY
d)
XbY
79.
What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
80.
What would happen if a chemical interfered with the ability of RNA polymerase to bind to a DNA molecule?
a)
Transcription would proceed, and a protein would be produced.
b)
The DNA molecule would replicate itself.
c)
The RNA polymerase would cut the DNA molecule in half.
d)
Transcription would not take place, and the protein would not be produced.
81.
_______ is to transcription as ________ is to translation.
a)
mRNA / Amino Acid Chain
b)
Amino Acid Chain / mRNA
c)
Ribosome / Nucleus
d)
mRNA / tRNA
82.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
83.
Why do bone cells become bone cells, heart cells become heart cells, skin cells become skin cells, etc...?
a)
It just happens randomly
b)
Determined by the mother while in the womb
c)
The turning on/off of certain genes that are needed for that type of cell
d)
The zygote tells them what to become
84.
Which molecules in eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression?
a)
recombinant DNA
b)
transcription factors
c)
lactose
d)
plasmids
85.
Which statement is the most accurate?
a)
All cells have the same genes, and all of a cell's genes are active at the same time.
b)
All cells have the same genes, but different genes are active in different cells.
c)
Your hair is different from your kidneys because the cells that make up your hair and your kidneys
d)
As cells and tissues differentiate, they produce new genes.
86.
Which of these is responsible for the different morphologies of these cells?
a)
Metabolism
b)
Replication
c)
Gene Expression
d)
None of these account for the different morphologies
87.
A protein that binds to the operator and blocks the RNA polymerase
a)
regulator
b)
repressor
c)
activator
d)
corepressor
88.
what does a promoter do?
a)
it allows a gene to be transcribed
b)
it creates a DNA segment
c)
it is another word for ribosomes
d)
it is another word for RNA
89.
A protein that binds to the operator and blocks the RNA polymerase
a)
regulator
b)
repressor
c)
activator
d)
corepressor
90.
In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.
a)
transcription factors
b)
topoisomerase
c)
regulatory genes
d)
activators
91.
The "on/off" switch for an operon is called the
a)
promoter
b)
enhancer
c)
operator
d)
gene
92.
what is an operon?
a)
a part of a ribsome
b)
a part of a Rna
c)
a unit made up of linked genes that code for proteins needed to do a specific task
d)
needed for dna replication
93.
The lac operon genes only become expressed if:
a)
lactose binds to the repressor
b)
glucose binds to the repressor
c)
lactose binds to the operator
d)
the repressor binds to the operator
94.
In the lac operon model the genes within the operon will be expressed if:
a)
lactose is absent in the cell
b)
glucose is present in the cell
c)
lactose is present in the cell
95.
What type of operon is the trp (tryptophan) operon?
a)
inducible
b)
repressible
c)
positive control
d)
promoible
96.
the activation, or "turning on" of a gene that results in transcription and the production of mRNA
a)
gene expression
b)
regulator gene
c)
transcription factor
d)
cell differentiation
97.
what is an operon?
a)
a part of a ribsome
b)
a part of a Rna
c)
a unit made up of linked genes that code for proteins needed to do a specific task
d)
needed for dna replication
98.
what does a promoter do?
a)
it allows a gene to be transcribed
b)
it creates a DNA segment
c)
it is another word for ribosomes
d)
it is another word for RNA
99.
A small molecule that binds to the repressor and makes it inactive is
a)
corepressor
b)
inducer
c)
promoter
d)
operator
100.
When a gene transcribes unless turned off by a repressor, it is considered _____ control
a)
negative
b)
positive
101.
When a gene does not transcribe unless turned on by activator , it is considered _____ control
a)
positive
b)
negative
102.
what does a promoter do?
a)
it allows a gene to be transcribed
b)
it creates a DNA segment
c)
it is another word for ribosomes
d)
it is another word for RNA
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