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WorksheetsBiology EOC Midterm Review
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 2hrs 22mins
A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in the desert. The energy pyramid shown depicts the feeding pattern the ecologists observed.
Which of the following best explains the differences in the amount of energy available in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?
There is less energy in the producers because they have smaller tissues of the cells.
There is more energy in the second level because less energy is needed for hunting compared to other higher levels.
There is more energy in the fourth trophic level because the birds of prey eat more organisms.
There is more energy in the first trophic level because energy is lost as organisms move up the pyramid.
If a company claims that its product has been proven scientifically, which of the following should have taken place if the results are to be considered reliable?
The company should have held discussions with leading industry scientists.
Technology should have been used in both the gathering of data and data analysis
Results should have been peer reviewed and repeated producing the same finding
The results of the investigation should have been published in popular magazines
Based on your knowledge of scientific investigations, which stage of scientific investigation did the invention of the microscope significantly advance?
Communicating the results of experimentation
Gathering the data for the investigation
Generating explanations of phenomena
Planning the investigation and experimentation
A student is conducting an investigation to determine the effect of temperature on the metabolism of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
Yeast and sugar are added to water, the gas produced is captured, and its volume is recorded. Which variables should be held constant during this investigation?
Mass of sugar and water temperature
Mass of yeast and mass of sugar
Volume of gas and water temperature
Volume of gas and mass of yeast
Scientific law and a scientific theory are similar in that both
are based on what we expect to happen based on natural history.
describe the events that can be observed in nature
explain why events and conditions occur as they do in the natural world.
represent a large amount of scientific investigation and evidence.
To help patients replenish bodily fluids quickly during an illness, doctors need to understand how cells behave in their environment. Doctors have confidence in what they know about how cells behave because
cell theory has been tested, refined, and observed to be true over hundreds of years
large medical institutions have conducted their own experiments justifying cell theory
the basics of cell theory have not changed much since the original experiments
what we know about cell theory has been published in reputable journals
Which of the following best summarizes why the technological invention of microscopes was important to biology?
It allowed for development of the cell theory
It created a means of funding for cell research.
It created public interest and support for research.
It proved that cells could form spontaneously.
Early elements of the cell theory followed soon after the development of Hooke's light microscope. What does this relationship suggest about the evolution of the cell theory since Hooke?
Improvements in technology are closely related to changes in the cell theory
Isolated scientists contributed pieces of the cell theory to form the whole
Progress on the cell theory was delayed by a lack of technological progress
Scientists needed to focus less on cells and more on microscope development.
Which of the following characteristics defines a cell as a eukaryote?
Being able to move
Being able to reproduce
Having a nucleus
Having ribosomes
Which statement best compares a eukaryote and a prokaryote?
Eukaryotes have a cell wall, while prokaryotes have a cell membrane
Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes have few specialized structures.
Eukaryotes use active transport to move substances across the cell membrane, while prokaryotes use facilitated diffusion
Eukaryotes use flagella to move themselves through substances, while prokaryotes are not able to move
Which of the following best compares the structures found in plant cells and animal cells?
Animal cells contain cell walls and a large central vacuole while plant cells contain cell membranes and many small vacuoles
Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts, cell walls, or a large central vacuole while plant cells do
Plant cells contain rough endoplasmic reticulum and a Golgi apparatus while animal cells contain smooth endoplasmic reticulum surrounded by lysosomes.
Plant cells have rigid cell walls and do not contain mitochondria or ribosomes while animal cells do.
Which of the following best compares the membranes found in different types of cells?
Animal cells have cell membranes and cell walls, but plant cells do not have cell membranes
Animal cells have membrane-bound organelles, while plant cells carry out the functions necessary for life in the cytoplasm
Prokaryotes have only cell membranes, while eukaryotes have both cell walls and cell membranes
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have cell membranes, but eukaryotes also have membrane-bound organelles
Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of energy available in each tropic level of this food web?
There is more available energy in the seal than there is in the phytoplankton
There is more available energy in the penguin than there is in the zooplankton
There is less available energy in the seal than there is in the phytoplankton
There is less available energy in the zooplankton than there is in the penguin
Which of the following correctly traces the energy transfer through the trophic levels in the marine food web shown below?
Fish --> sea birds --> seal --> penguin
Fish --> seal --> sea birds --> penguin
Phytoplankton --> krill --> fish --> seal
Zooplankton --> Phytoplankton --> fish --> seal
Which of the following describes how the amount of energy changes as it flows from one trophic level to the next in the marine food web shown below?
Energy increases as it is transferred from penguins to seals, since seals are more massive than penguins.
Energy decreases as it is transferred from zooplankton to fish, since zooplankton are producers and fish are consumers
When krill consume phytoplankton, about 90 percent of the phytoplankton’s energy is transferred to the krill.
When sea birds consume fish, about 10 percent of the fish’s energy is transferred to the sea birds.
Many insects, such as mosquitoes and dragonflies, spend their juvenile stage as aquatic larvae before becoming winged and airborne adults.
Most years, these insects are extremely abundant in the Arctic tundra in summer.
What might account for this?
Adult insects spend the long Arctic winter laying thousands of eggs under the ice of frozen ponds
Many insects migrate long distances to take advantage of good breeding areas in the tundra
Pools of water which make good breeding areas are plentiful in summer as the permafrost melts.
Summer rains in the Arctic tundra replenish breeding ponds that dried up during the winter
A population of rodents becomes stranded on a remote island. Eventually, the population reaches the island’s carrying capacity. At this point, the birth and death rates are
relatively equal
crashing
density dependent
density independent
Rainbow trout need at least 6.0 mg/L of dissolved oxygen to survive. Biologists are trying to reestablish rainbow trout in a mountain stream but the stream only has 5.5 mg/L of dissolved oxygen. Which of the following would be the most useful to encourage the development of the rainbow trout population?
Create more bends in the stream to allow the water to slow down
Cut down trees along the stream to allow more sunlight to warm the water
Pull out aquatic plants growing in the stream to allow oxygen to accumulate
Remove dams along the stream to allow the water to flow faster
Which of the following describes how an abiotic factor can impact the population dynamics in an ecosystem?
A parasite that invades a host can reproduce and cause a decline in the host species population.
Organisms that compete for the same resources will keep each other from overpopulating
Predators will prevent herbivores from depleting the plants and other resources in an ecosystem
Seasonal variations in temperature can cause some of the individuals in a population to die
If a snake species were introduced to an ecosystem where it had no natural predators, what long-term effect do you predict the snakes would have on the population dynamics of the ecosystem?
They would breed with native snake species, resulting in an increase in biodiversity in the ecosystem
They would compete with native snake species for resources, causing a decline in native snake populations and possibly extinction
They would form mutualistic relationships with native snakes, since they would occupy the same niche in the ecosystem
They would serve as a food source for predators of native snakes, causing an increase in native snake populations
Carbon Dioxide is important in our atmosphere because it is required for photosynthesis and traps some heat, keeping the Earth warm. However, human produced carbon dioxide is a problem because it
leads to higher global temperatures
disrupts the natural cycling of other greenhouse gases.
add too much carbon dioxide to the oceans.
causes uncontrolled photosynthesis.
The choices that humans make every day affect the environment. Sometimes, our lifestyles can harm the environment rather than protect it. Which of the following would be most helpful in protecting the environment and achieving sustainability?
Buying paper products made from harvested trees
Buying fewer mass produced products
Using natural gas as a fuel source instead of petroleum
Using solar power to generate electricity
The activities that take place to meet human needs can often be harmful to ecosystems. By developing sustainable practices, however, we can help protect our environment. Which of the following changes would be most helpful in reaching sustainability?
Building more water treatment facilities
Planting trees to replace those that are cut down by logging
Tilling soil to improve soil fertility and increase crop production
Using natural gas for fuel instead of burning petroleum
Which of the brain regions marked on the diagram below is the frontal lobe?
A
B
C
D
Illnesses can often lead to fever and dehydration. How might these symptoms affect a person’s cardiovascular system?
Fever and dehydration increase body temperature and fluids, which decrease a person’s heart rate and respiration
Fever and dehydration increases body temperature and decreases the amount of fluids, which increase a person’s heart rate and respiration
Fever and dehydration increase body temperature and decrease in the amount of fluids, which decrease the viscosity of the blood
Fever and dehydration increases body temperature and fluids, which increase the viscosity of the blood.
A doctor examines a patient who has high blood pressure and atherosclerosis in the coronary artery. What medical condition connected to blood flow is most likely to affect this patient in the future?
The patient may develop headaches and confusion due to cancer in the brain caused by years of low levels of oxygen supplied to the brain
The patient may develop stiff joints and chest pains from the high blood pressure applied to the muscle and joint tissues of the body
The patient may show signs of confusion, weakness, and partial paralysis due to high blood pressure when the plaque dislodges and blocks blood flow to the brain
The patient may suffer a heart attack because of the reduction in blood flow to the heart muscles due to severe plaque build-up in the coronary artery
Which event happens earliest during pregnancy?
The embryo's organs begin to function on their own
The embryo stores nutrients and minerals
The embryo's cartilage begins to become bone
The embryo reaches approximately fifteen inches in length
Which of the following correctly compares the functions of the vas deferens and the fallopian tubes?
Sperm leaves the body through the vas deferens, and eggs leave the body through the fallopian tubes
Sperm travels through the vas deferens, and eggs travel through the fallopian tubes
The vas deferens produces sperm, and the fallopian tubes produce eggs
The vas deferens stores sperm, and the fallopian tubes store eggs.
Normally, the temperature inside the scrotum is slightly lower than normal body temperature. What do you predict would happen if the temperature inside the scrotum were a few degrees higher than normal body temperature instead?
Sperm would not be able to travel through the vas deferens
Sperm would be stored in the epididymis rather than in the testes
Sperm would not be able to develop properly
The rate of sperm production would increase
Which of the following would be the best way to detect whether someone was infected with a virus, like HIV?
Check for an inflammatory response in the body
Check for the presence of antibodies in the blood.
Check for the presence of histamines in the body
Check for the presence of white blood cells in the blood
Which of the following explains why people need to get a flu shot each year?
Antibodies for the flu virus only last for one year
The flu virus eventually breaks down the vaccine
The flu virus is constantly mutating and changing
There are not enough antibodies in the vaccine to kill the entire virus
Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory.
Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?
All living things are made of cells.
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
Cells form through spontaneous generation.
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
A plant and an animal are both living things. According to the Cell Theory, what can you conclude about these two very different organisms?
Plants have cells but animals do not
They are both made of one or more cells.
They both come from the same kind of cell.
They both come from a non-living organism.
There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
lysosome
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosomes
The diagram below represents a cell of a green plant. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
A
B
C
D
The diagram below represents a cell. Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
1
2
3
4
Joy took the notes shown below while learning about cells.
• Forms boundary between a cell and the outside environment
• Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell
• Consists of double layer of phospholipids.
She forgot to write the name of the cell structure that her class was studying that day. What structure is described in her notes?
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Lysosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which of these best completes this concept map?
an animal cell
prokaryotic
virus
plant cell
Muscle cells are responsible for obtaining energy so the body can perform voluntary and involuntary movement. Using you knowledge about organelles and muscles, how would a muscle cell differ from other types of animal cells?
The muscle cell would have larger centrioles than the other types of animal cells.
The muscle cell would have more mitochondria than the other types of animal cells.
The muscle cell would have a larger golgi apparatus than other types of animal cells.
The muscle cell would have more endoplasmic reticulum than the other types of animal cells.
Cells can be classified into two different categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Which of the following information is needed in order to determine if an organism is prokaryotic?
The organisms size and mass
The organisms color
The organisms internal structures
The organisms ability to move
A research group has discovered that damselflies, a type of dragonfly, are being infected by a particular type of aquatic protozoan. Both young and adult damselflies are not directly infected by the protozoan but contract the infection from the prey they eat. The graph shows the percentage of adult damselflies infected by protozoans during the summer and early fall.
Infection in embanked ponds increased during the sampling period.
Protozoans were more common in creek-fed ponds than embanked ponds.
Protozoans reproduce more quickly in embanked ponds than creek-fed ponds
Infection in creed-fed ponds remained constant throughout the sampling period.
An osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent cells with semi permeable membranes. The mass of each egg was measured to determine how much water diffused into or out of the eggs. The eggs were first soaked in vinegar to dissolve the shell. Each egg was then placed in one of three different solutions for 24 hours. The table below shows the results of the investigation.
Substances other than water may also cross the cell membrane.
Substances other than water may block pores in the cell membrane
Water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water concentration
Water leaves the cell when placed in environments with a low concentration of solutes
A student wants to conduct an experiment to test the effects of different colors of light on the growth of aquatic plants. She will use red, blue, green and purple lights in different aquariums and will measure the growth of the aquatic plant Elodea over 6 weeks. Which of the following is true about the experiment?
The different colors of the lights is the independent variable
The growth of the Elodea is the independent variable.
The different colors of the lights is the dependent variable
Both the different colors of the lights and the growth of the Elodea are controlled variables
Which pigment had the lowest absorption rate at 500 nm wavelength?
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B
Carotenoids
All the same
Which day saw the greatest difference in temperature
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Jill wanted to see which type of food her rabbit liked the most. For several days she feed the rabbit equal amounts of cabbage, lettuce and apples. She recorded the results in the chart. Based on these results, she can conclude that
all rabbits prefer cabbage over apples and lettuce
her rabbit will likely eat lettuce first over cabbage and apples
her rabbit will likely eat cabbage over apples and lettuce
all rabbits prefer lettuce over cabbage and apples
DV: Dissolving rate
DV: type of sugar cube
DV: Dissolving Rate
DV: Number of sugar
Mitosis is a continuous process.
Mitosis is made up of 5 phases.
What is the longest phase in MITOSIS?
Prophase
Metaphase
Interphase
Anaphase
In what phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Cytokinesis
Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
In what phase does chromatin condense to form chromosomes?
Mitosis
Interphase
Prophase
Anaphase
In what phase do the organelles disperse out into the daughter cells, and the cell prepares for cytokinesis?
Prophase
Interphase
Mitosis
Telophase
What can the cell cycle also be called?
Cell growth
DNA Replication
Preparation for Mitosis
Cell Divison
BONUS:
How long is the whole cell cycle for most animal cells?
2-3 days
24 hours
2-3 hours
23 hours
