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Cell Cycle and DNA

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 2hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is a series of events a cell goes through as they grow and divide?
a)
Cell Division
b)
Cell Cycle
c)
Cytokinesis
d)
Mitosis
2.
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle called?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
M phase
c)
Interphase
d)
G1 Phase
3.
During what stage does the G1, S and G2 phases happen?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
Mitosis
d)
Cytokinesis
4.
During which stage of the cell cycle does mitosis and cytokinesis occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
S phase
c)
M phase
d)
G1 phase
5.
During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
S phase
d)
G2 phase
6.
During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
G2 phase
d)
M phase
7.
During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
M phase
d)
Cytokinesis
8.
During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for mitosis?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
G2 phase
d)
M phase
9.
How many stages are in mitosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
10.
Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 
a)
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
b)
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d)
prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
11.
Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 
a)
G1, S, G2, M
b)
S, G1, G2, M
c)
G1, M, G2, S
d)
M, G1, S, G2
12.
Put the following in order: G2, G1, S, mitosis, cytokinesis. 
a)
G1, G2, S, Mitosis, cytokinesis
b)
G1, S, G2, Mitosis, cytokinesis
c)
G1, G2, S, cytokinesis, mitosis
d)
G1, S, G2, cytokinesis, mitosis
13.
Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 
a)
DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
b)
cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
c)
cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
d)
DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides
14.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
15.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
16.
During which part of the cell cycle does the cell divide?
a)
Interphase
b)
Mitosis
c)
S phase
17.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
18.
During which parts of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
a)
G1 and G2
b)
G1 and S
c)
M phase and cytokinesis
19.

Uncontrolled cell division which usually leads to tumors and disease is called:

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Cancer

d)

Diabetes

20.

Which type of cell divides most frequently?

a)

Liver cell

b)

Skin cell

c)

Blood cell

d)

Nerve cell

21.

Which of these cells never divides?

a)

Skin cell

b)

Liver cell

c)

Nerve cell

d)

Blood cell

22.
What does NOT happen during interphase?
a)
growth
b)
DNA replication 
c)
obtaining nutrients
d)
cell divison
23.
Cytokinesis is a phase of mitosis. 
a)
True
b)
False 
24.
Cells of organisms must replicate for ?
a)
growth
b)
repair of damaged cells
c)
replacement of dying cells.
d)
All of the above
25.
Programmed cell death refers to..... 
a)
Apoptosis 
b)
Helionisis 
c)
Karyokinesis
d)
Meiosis 
26.
Chromatin refers to DNA that is...
a)
old and needs to be dissolved. 
b)
completely unwound and ready for replication. 
c)
tightly bound into chromosome-like structures. 
d)
relaxed like a bowl of spaghetti. 
27.
The ___________ holds the replicated sister chromatids together.
a)
centriole
b)
chromosomes
c)
centromere
d)
cycles
28.
What is cytokinesis?
a)
This is when two cells merge together to make one giant cell.
b)
The stage where chromosomes migrate to the opposite ends of the cell. 
c)
The stage of the cell cycle where the rest of the cell divides after mitosis is complete.
d)
The stage in which DNA condenses into chromosomes.
29.

Select all stages of interphase?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

30.

In which stage of the cell cycle does nuclear splitting take place?

a)

G2

b)

S

c)

Mitosis

d)

Cytokinesis

31.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
32.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
33.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
34.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
35.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
36.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
37.
Cytosine always pairs with
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Uracil
d)
Guanine
38.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
39.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleus
40.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
41.
What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'
a)
5'-TACGGTA-3'
b)
3'-TACGGTA-5'
c)
3'-ATGGCAT-5'
d)
5'-ATGGCAT-3'
42.
Which of the following is not a nitrogen base found in DNA?
a)
Thymine
b)
Uracil 
c)
Guanine
d)
Adenine
43.
What is the significance of the sequence (order) of the Nitrogen Bases in DNA?
a)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the number of chromosomes present in an organism.
b)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the traits that an organism will possess (have).
c)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the gender of an organism.
d)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines whether an organism is abiotic biotic.
44.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

45.

Primary functions of DNA are (mark all that apply)

a)

Transmit information on heredity from one generation to the next

b)

Control cellular respiration

c)

Regulate homeostasis

d)

Provide a blueprint for making proteins

46.
In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
47.
What is this image showing?
a)
DNA
b)
Chromosome
c)
Alleles
d)
Phenotype
48.

a ______ codes for a particular trait. It is a distinct sequence of DNA forming part of a chromosome

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosome

c)

Pedigree

d)

Protein

49.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
50.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding bases?

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

51.

Why is it crucial that living things are able to replicate their DNA?

a)

Each new cell must have an exact copy of DNA

b)

Less copies of DNA are needed when a new cell is created

c)

A cell needs multiple copies of DNA

d)

Only muscle cells need DNA

52.
For what reason does DNA copy itself?
a)
to replace worn out DNA
b)
so cells can divide
c)
to export DNA to other parts of the body
d)
more DNA is better
53.
This picture is illustrating the ____ nature of DNA.
a)
anti-parallel
b)
deoxyribosic
c)
helical
d)
radioactive
54.
If the percentage of DNA is made of 30% Thymine, what is the correct percentage of Guanine?
a)
30
b)
15
c)
20
d)
60
55.
These are the "smaller", single ringed bases such as thymine and cytosine
a)
complementary
b)
 cytosine
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
56.
These are the "larger", double-ringed bases such as adenine and guanine.
a)
complementary
b)
 cytosine
c)
purine
d)
pyrimidine
57.
What is the human genome?
a)
a piece of DNA
b)
a chromosome
c)
all of your cells
d)
all of your DNA
58.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
59.
Which sentence is FALSE?
a)
Humans have 23 pairs of DNA.
b)
Humans have 46 total chromosomes.
c)
Genes are made of chromosomes.
d)
Every human's DNA is at least 99% similar.
60.

An organism's reproductive cells, or sex cells, are called _____.

a)

bacteria

b)

prokaryotes

c)

gametes

d)

pathogens

61.

A _________ is DNA tightly coiled around proteins.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

trait

d)

mutation

62.

The 2 exact copies of DNA in a chromosome are called ________.

a)

chromatids

b)

genes

c)

mutations

d)

pathogens

63.

The two sister chromatids are attached to each other at a point called the __________ of a chromosome.

a)

zygote

b)

autosome

c)

gene

d)

centromere

64.

How many chromosomes does a human body cell have, total?

a)

48

b)

46

c)

23

d)

47

65.

Body cells are also called _________ cells.

a)

normal

b)

prokaryotic

c)

pathogens

d)

somatic

66.

A _______ is an egg that has been fertilized by a sperm cell.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

zygote

d)

embryo

67.

What is the name given to all the genetic information that an organism possesses?

a)

Genome

b)

Book of Information

c)

Genus

d)

Geneticology

68.

This image has is a cluster of skin cells from the same organism. What can you say about the genetic information of these cells?

a)

They have the same genetic information.

b)

They have completely different genetic information.

c)

None of the above.

69.

The order of the bases in DNA determines the outcome of a particular gene.

a)

True

b)

False

70.
Any substance that is known to cause cancer is called a
a)
carcinogen
b)
nicolyte
c)
pathogen
d)
retrovirus
71.

An abnormal mass/group of cancer cells is called a

a)

tumor

b)

cyst

c)

lesion

d)

polyp

72.
What is cancer?
a)
The heart does not receive enough blood.
b)
Sudden disruption of blood flow to part of the brain.
c)
Blood filled weak spot.
d)
Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
73.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

74.
What causes mutations?
a)
Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
b)
The amino acids
c)
Passed down by genetics
d)
It's how your born
75.

A mutation can occur if a base pair is ____________, deleted, or substituted for another.

a)

modified

b)

added

c)

transferred

76.

A mutation in which only one nucleotide is altered is called a:

a)

Frameshift Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Point Mutation

d)

Insertion Mutation

77.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion

b)

Point mutation

c)

Deletion

d)

Substitution

78.

Mutations are random.

a)

True

b)

False

79.

Mutations are SOMETIMES helpful to the organism.

a)

true

b)

false

80.

True or false, mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

81.

In order for offspring to get a genetic mutation, the mutation must occur in what type of cell?

a)

Cells with no nucleus.

b)

Any body cell after birth.

c)

Cells with no cell wall or cell membrane.

d)

Cells like eggs or sperm cells that are undergoing reproduction.

82.

Normal cells stop dividing when they come into contact with other cells (known as contact inhibition). What types of cells do not follow this rule?

a)

Skin cells

b)

Egg cells

c)

Cancer cells

d)

Nerve cells

83.

As a cell grows, what increases at a faster rate?

a)

Surface area

b)

Volume

84.

As cells become larger, the ratio of surface area to volume

a)

increases

b)

decreases

85.

Why are cells so small?

a)

They have a high surface area to volume ratio when they are small

b)

They are more efficient at transporting materials

c)

When cells are too large, the DNA becomes overloaded

d)

All of these are true

86.

Why do the cells of multicellular organism divide?

a)

To repair damaged tissue

b)

To replace dead cells

c)

For growth of the organism

d)

All of these are true

87.

Why do unicellular organisms divide?

a)

For asexual reproduction

b)

To repair damaged tissue

c)

To replace dead cells

d)

For growth of the organism

88.

Who discovered the "base pairing rule"?

a)

Watson

b)

Crick

c)

Chargaff

d)

Franklin

89.

Who won the Nobel Prize for the structure of DNA?

a)

Franklin

b)

Watson and Crick

c)

Chargaff

d)

Avery

90.

Who took a picture of DNA using X-rays which led to the discovery of the structure of DNA?

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Franklin

c)

Chargaff

d)

Avery

91.

When DNA is replicated, what is the result?

a)

Semi conservative replication

b)

2 molecules of DNA that are identical

c)

2 molecules of DNA that each contain one old and one newly synthesized strand.

d)

All of these are true

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