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WorksheetsUnit Exam Review-Cells, Systems & Pathogens
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 47mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Biologists estimate the size of a specimen at high magnification by......
a)
using a ruler and measuring it
b)
calculating the field of view then counting how many of the specimen would fit across
c)
calculating the total magnification
d)
making a guess based on prior knowledge
2.
If the ocular is 10x and the objective is 4x, what is the total magnification?
a)
14x
b)
6x
c)
40x
d)
2.5x
3.
The field of view is 1450 μm and 8 fungi fruiting bodies are observed across the diameter of your view. What is the average size of one fungal fruiting bodies?
a)
181 micrometers
b)
11,600 micrometers
c)
.006 micrometers
d)
1.81 micrometers
4.
Here are the settings on a microscope:
Ocular Lens: 10X
Scanning Lens: 4X
Low Power Lens: 10X
High Power Lens: 40X
F.O.V for 4X = 3.4 mm
You are viewing human blood under high power. You need to calculate the average size of a red blood cell. You estimate that 51 cells will fit across your F.O.V. What is the average size of one of those red blood cells?
Ocular Lens: 10X
Scanning Lens: 4X
Low Power Lens: 10X
High Power Lens: 40X
F.O.V for 4X = 3.4 mm
You are viewing human blood under high power. You need to calculate the average size of a red blood cell. You estimate that 51 cells will fit across your F.O.V. What is the average size of one of those red blood cells?
a)
about 60 μm
b)
About 6 μm
c)
about 2040 μm
d)
about 1μm
5.
Here are the settings on a microscope:
Ocular Lens: 10X
Low Power Lens: 20X
High Power Lens: 50X
You measure the field of view under low power to be 2.6 mm
Calculate (in micrometers) the field of view that would appear on high power.
Ocular Lens: 10X
Low Power Lens: 20X
High Power Lens: 50X
You measure the field of view under low power to be 2.6 mm
Calculate (in micrometers) the field of view that would appear on high power.
a)
104,000 μm
b)
1.04 μm
c)
1040 μm
d)
130 μm
6.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
mitochondrion
d)
golgi apparatus
7.
You might think of me as the trash collector, but recycler is maybe more accurate. What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosome
c)
vacuole
d)
ribosome
8.
What is found in both plant and animal cells but is much larger in plant cells?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Vacuole
9.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
10.
A group of tissues that work together to perform a similar function is called_____. (Examples include the heart, lungs or stomach)
a)
cells
b)
tissues
c)
organs
d)
organ system
11.
A group of cells that have similar functions? Examples are nervous, epithelial, muscle and connective
a)
cells
b)
tissues
c)
organs
d)
atoms
12.
Organs that work together to perform a related function is called _____________?
a)
cells
b)
tissues
c)
organ system
d)
organs
13.
When many organ systems work together it can form...
a)
organ
b)
cells
c)
organ system
d)
organism
14.
"Storage tanks" Can hold food, water or waste for the cell
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Vacuole
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleolus
15.
Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but NOT prokaryotic cells?
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Ribosomes
d)
DNA
16.
The ___ is the basic unit of sturucture and function of organisms
a)
atom
b)
cell
c)
matter
d)
all other answers are correct
17.
Which statement is a part of the cell theory?
a)
all cells come from preexisting cells
b)
bacteria are prokaryotic cells
c)
eukaryotic cells are complex
d)
humans are multicellular
18.
"All animals are made of cells". This fact was discovered by...
a)
Matthias Schleiden
b)
Theodor Schwann
c)
Robert Hooke
d)
Rudolf Virchow
19.
Chloroplasts in plant cells allow the plant to perform a function that animal cells cannot do. What is the main function of the chloroplasts found in plant cells?
a)
to absorb light energy and manufacture food
b)
to remove waste materials by active transport
c)
to manufacture chemical energy from food
d)
to control the shape of the cell
20.
Bacillus shaped bacteria are
a)
Rod-shaped
b)
Spherical
c)
Spiral
21.
Spirillum shaped bacteria are
a)
rod-shaped
b)
spherical
c)
spiral
22.
Coccus shaped bacteria are
a)
rod-shaped
b)
spherical
c)
spiral
23.
Staphylo- groupings are
a)
2 bacteria
b)
a chain of bacteria
c)
a cluster of bacteria
24.
Diplo- grouped bacteria are
a)
2 bacteria
b)
a chain of bacteria
c)
a cluster of bacteria
25.
Strepto- grouped bacteria are
a)
2 bacteria
b)
a chain of bacteria
c)
a cluster of bacteria
26.
Bacteria that help break down dead material in the environment are called
a)
vaccines
b)
decomposers
c)
oats
27.
All bacteria are harmful to humans
a)
True
b)
False
28.
Which disease is not caused by bacteria?
a)
Strep throat
b)
Pneumonia
c)
Food poisoning
d)
Influenza (the Flu)
29.
Bacteria are
a)
prokaryotes
b)
eukaryotes
30.
Reasons that viruses are considered to be nonliving is because
a)
They are not cellular
b)
They cannot reproduce on their own
c)
They cannot make proteins
d)
all of the above
31.
Viruses are...
a)
prokaryotic
b)
eukaryotic
c)
non-living
d)
endospores
32.
Needs host cell to reproduce.
a)
Virus
b)
Bacteria
c)
Fungus
d)
Protozoan
33.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need bacteria
d)
They need insulin
34.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
35.
Why do bacteria evolve so quickly?
a)
Single celled
b)
Low mutation rate
c)
Asexual reproduction
d)
Rapid reproduction rate
36.
Antibiotics are least effective against which type of disease?
a)
Bacteria
b)
Virus
c)
Parastie
d)
Fungi
37.
How do we prevent viruses?
a)
Antibiotics
b)
Antiparasitic
c)
Antifungal
d)
Vaccines
38.
Are you going to ROCK THIS TEST!!!
a)
YES!
b)
No
39.
What type of transport requires energy?
a)
Active Transport
b)
Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Simple Diffusion
d)
Passive Transport
40.
You put a cell into a solution, the cell grows. Is the solution hypotonic or hypertonic to the cell?
a)
hypertonic
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
d)
not enough information
41.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
42.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
43.
An ISOTONIC solution has a(n) ______________ concentration of solute (dissolved stuff) than inside the cell.
a)
lower
b)
equal
c)
higher
44.
A HYPOTONIC solution has a ______________ concentration of solute (dissolved stuff) than inside the cell.
a)
lower
b)
equal
c)
higher
45.
If a cell is placed in a HYPOTONIC solution, water will move _________ of the cell, causing it to ___________.
a)
into, swell
b)
out of, shrivel
c)
in and out of the cell, stay the same
46.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
47.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
48.
Movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy is called
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
49.
The concentration of water is higher in the soil than in plant root cells. Water moves into root cells of a plant by...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
50.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
51.
This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
52.
GFVThe cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
53.
Which term means "water-loving"?
a)
Cohesion
b)
Nonpolar
c)
Hydrophilic
d)
Hydrophobic
54.
Which term means "water-fearing"?
a)
Adhesion
b)
Polar
c)
Hydrophilic
d)
Hydrophobic
55.
The cell membrane is made mostly of
a)
phospholipid monolayer and proteins
b)
phospholipid bilayer and proteins
c)
proteins and carbohydrates bilayer
d)
triglycerides and carbohydrates
56.
A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient goes from an area of ______ concentration into an area of ______ concentration.
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
passive, active
d)
active, passive
57.
A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient goes from an area of ______ concentration into an area of ______ concentration.
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
passive, active
d)
active, passive
58.
The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another is called a/an
a)
diffusion
b)
osmosis
c)
concentration gradient
d)
passive transport
59.
The movement of molecules against a concentration gradient
a)
simple diffusion
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
active transport
d)
osmosis
60.
This releases substances outside a cell
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
both
61.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads
d)
lipids
62.
What are the carbohydrates in the cell membrane for?
a)
to form channels and pumps
b)
to help cells identify one another
c)
to make the membrane strong
63.
This is a balance that organisms maintain through self-regulating adjustments
a)
bilayer
b)
homeostasis
c)
secretions
64.
___________ form the two layers of the cell membrane.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Proteins
c)
Phospholipids
d)
Cholesterol
65.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A
66.
Enzymes are considered to be
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
67.
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
68.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
69.
What is structure A?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
70.
What is structure D?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
71.
What is structure C?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
72.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
73.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
74.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
75.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
76.
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once. True or False?
a)
true
b)
false
77.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
78.
Which of the following is the correct order of organization in living things from most basic (simple) to most complex?
a)
a. Organism, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
b)
a. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organism
c)
a. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
d)
a. Cell, organ, tissue, organ, organism, organ system
79.
Anything that can perform life processes by itself is a/an
a)
cell
b)
organ
c)
organism
d)
organ system
80.
A group of similar cells that come together to perform a specific function is a/an
a)
organ
b)
organism
c)
organ system
d)
tissue
81.
When a group of organs work together to perform a particular function they create a/an
a)
organ system
b)
organism
c)
tissue
d)
organ
82.
The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is the....
a)
organ
b)
organ system
c)
cell
d)
tissue
83.
What is the difference between a cell and a tissue?
a)
cell is basic unit of life; tissue is group of cells that work as one
b)
cell is group of tissues; tissue is basic unit of life
c)
cell is basic unit of life; tissue is groups of different cells
d)
cell is group of organs; tissue is group of different cells
84.
Which system brings in oxygen (O2) and takes out carbon dioxide (CO2) ?
a)
digestive system
b)
respiratory system
c)
nervous system
d)
immune system
85.
Which system protects the body from foreign pathogens (invaders) like viruses, bacteria, and fungi?
a)
immune system
b)
endocrine system
c)
nervous system
d)
skeletal system
86.
Which system provides support for the body, protects vital organs like the brain and lungs, and is where new blood cells are made?
a)
nervous system
b)
respiratory system
c)
circulatory system
d)
skeletal system
87.
Which system has glands that produce hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and adrenaline (epinephrine)?
a)
digestive system
b)
excretory system
c)
endocrine system
d)
immune system
88.
Which system is responsible for thinking, emotions, and controlling movement?
a)
reproductive system
b)
muscular system
c)
nervous system
d)
integumentary system
89.
Which system includes your skin, hair, and sweat glands?
a)
integumentary system
b)
circulatory system
c)
digestive system
d)
endocrine system
90.
Which system is blood a part of and is also responsible for pumping blood around the body?
a)
digestive system
b)
respiratory system
c)
circulatory system
d)
integumentary system
91.
Which system breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients?
a)
respiratory system
b)
endocrine system
c)
excretory system
d)
digestive system
92.
Which system is responsible for movement of the body and movements within the body?
a)
digestive system
b)
circulatory system
c)
skeletal system
d)
muscular system
93.
Which system gets rid of liquid, gas & solid wastes of the human body ?
a)
excretory system
b)
reproductive system
c)
endocrine system
d)
circulatory system
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