metallic elements in group 2A of the periodic table which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive; Used for fireworks (and some in our bodies)

Most reactive nonmetals (Group 7A/17)

Elements that form a bridge between elements on the left and right sides of the periodic table; Also give us cool colors for paints

Don't react much; Group 18/8A

How many sig figs are in 0.00000000001?

How many sig figs are in 31.456

How many sig figs are in 1000?

What is 37/6.31 (to the correct# of sig figs)?

What is 2.763 x 1.82 (to the correct # of sig figs)?

What is 0.40 + 51 + 301.7 (to the correct # of sig figs)?

How many sig figs are in $1299.95?

How many sig figs are in 4ft 8in?

80 L = ___mL

55g = ___hg

The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL. If you need 315.0 g of ethanol for an experiment, how many milliliters would you measure out?

What is the density of a 459 g object that is 1.63 cm³ in size?

a mixture that is uniform in composition; components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished

A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

- he confirmed the existence of another subatomic particle, the neutron

-neutrons have no charge and a mass nearly equal to that of a proton

Gold foil experiment, discovered nucleus

-discovered the electron, plum pudding model

-Cathode Ray Tube

Who's atomic theory said:

1) Elements are composed of atoms.

2) Atoms of same element are identical, but differ from other elements.

3) Elements can mix together

4) Atoms only change when mixed with other elements

Used to hold liquids, has narrow neck to prevent splashes

a graduated glass tube with a tap at one end, for delivering known volumes of a liquid, especially in titrations.

instrument used to measure volume of a liquid

Used to hold liquids

A series of specific wavelengths of emitted light created when the visible portion of light from excited atoms is shined through a prism

Conducted by Ernest Rutherford in which alpha particles that were shot at gold foil were deflected when they hit the positive center of gold atoms. The nucleus was discovered as a result of this experiment.

A Piece of Equipment used by Thomson to discover the electron.

-Greek philosopher

-Proposed that matter could NOT be divided into smaller pieces forever

-claimed that matter was made of small, hard particles that he called "atomos"

-Father of modern atomic thought

-1915

-Electrons travel in circular paths (orbits) around the nucleus

-Each orbit is a specific energy level and electron cannot exist between orbits

-Light is released as electrons return from an excited state to the ground state

-Color of light shows gap between orbits (large gap = blue/purple; small gap= red)

-When electrons ABSORB energy, they move away from nucleus; from low to high energy; from small to large orbit

-When electrons EMIT energy, they move towards the nucleus; from high to low energy; large to small orbit

Number of protons + number of neutrons; NOT on the periodic table

-The number of protons in an atom

-Determines what the element is

The weighted average of the atomic masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes

Avg. Mass=(Mass of Isotope A)(Percentage of Element)+etc

NOTE: Remember to either put the percentage of element in decimal form before you calculate it OR divide by 100 at the end

Vertical column in the periodic table

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

-Simple Ionic Compounds

-Metal from group 1 or 2 (or Ammonium, Silver, Cadmium, Aluminum, or Zinc) + Non-metal/Polyatomic Ion

-Ionic Bond

-Covalent Bonds

-Binary Covalent Compounds

-2 Elements

-Non-metal + Non-metal

-Stock Nomenclature

-Transition metals (metals w/ more than 1 charge possible)

-USES ROMAN NUMERALS when writing the name

RbI

C₃O₂

BCl₃

PbCl₂

Al₂(CO₃)₃

Sulfuric Acid

Hydrocyanic Acid

HCl

A change in a substance that does not change its identity (ex. crushing a can)

A change in matter that produces one or more new substances (ex. nails rusting)

Substance found to the left of the arrow in a balanced chemical equation

Substance found to the right of the arrow in a balanced chemical equation

Large numbers placed in front of chemical formulas to balance equations

A balanced chemical equation shows the idea that the mass of the products...

Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy the...

a chemical change in which an element or a compound reacts with oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water

Which reaction type occurs when an element reacts with a compound to produce a new element and compound?

(A + BC --> AC + B)

Used for mixing liquids/reactions/holding liquids and comparing

Which reaction type occurs when an 2 ionic compounds react to produce 2 new ionic compounds?

(AB + CD = AD + CB)

Which reaction type occurs when multiple reactants combine to form a single product?

(A + B = AB)

Which reaction type occurs when one reactant produces or "decomposes" into two or more products?

(AB = A + B)

A list of elements organized according to the ease with which the elements undergo certain chemical reactions

6.02x10²³

-Made because scientists needed a unit to count atoms, molecules, etc.

A ratio (equal to one) used to change from one unit to a new unit

The mass of one mole of a given element or compound