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Worksheets8th Grade Benchmark Exam 2 2019
Total questions: 46
Worksheet time: 4hrs 38mins
The fossil record shows fossils in a particular group of rocks that give information about how and when those rocks formed. The fossil record is also a set of all fossils together that can be used to tell the history of the earth.
Which of the following is best supported by the fossil record?
It shows an overwhelming mass of species that ever lived are now extinct
It shows an overwhelming mass of species that lived during the present time
It shows that atmospheric conditions must be ideal to fossilizing plants and animal species
It shows that only a few amount of species have become extinct over the last 3 billion years
For a recessive trait to appear in an offspring, the offspring must receive?
The offspring must have 2 recessives alleles - one from each parent
The offspring must have 1 recessives from only one parent
The offspring must have 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele from the parents
The offspring must have 2 dominant alleles - one from each parent
Examine the list.
- Skin disease because of excessive exposure to sunlight.
- Ability to play basketball because of practicing on a team.
- Haire baldness because of family history of baldness.
- Preference for Rock music because parents favorite type of music is rock.
- Long eyelashes because of dominant alleles on a gene.
Which characteristics in the list are inherited?
1 and 3
1 and 5
2 and 4
3 and 5
How does the process of meiosis influence the formation of the zygote, the sale that is formed from the union of 2 sex cells?
Meiosis create sex cells each with half the chromosomes that will be transferred to the zygote
Meiosis removes the need for DN a replication, allowing for quicker formation of the zygote
Meiosis ensures that the genetic information from the parent sales remains the same in the zygote
Meiosis removes mutated DNA from the six sales prior to the formation of the zygote
What processes transform a sedimentary rock directly into a metamorphic rock?
Erosion and deposition of sediment
Rapid cooling and crystallizing on earths surface
Compaction and cementation in earths oceans
Extreme heat and pressure
A particular mountain stream is home to a population of salamanders that are red in color. In the past year, a second population of salamanders that are dark blue in color moved into the same stream. Scientist researching the stream have recently discovered Young salamanders that are red with dark blue patches on their bodies.
What can a scientist conclude from the evidence?
The salamanders are suffering from a bacterial disease
The salamanders are on the verge of becoming extinct
The salamanders undergo asexual reproduction
The salamanders undergo sexual reproduction
A region experiences a very explosive volcanic eruption from a single volcano. What change will likely occur In the region immediately after the eruption that would impact organisms survival?
An earthquake will occur due to lava flows along the plate boundary
Plant eating animals will thrive due to fertile soil formed from volcanic ash
The humidity of the region will increase due to more water evaporating
The daytime temperature of the region will decrease due to blocking on wit The daytime temperature of the region will decrease due to blocking of sunlight
What is a function of genes found in an organism?
Genes code For traits present in an organism and can be passed onto the organisms offspring
Genes code for traits present and an organism and cannot be passed on to the organisms offspring
Genes Code for traits that can be inherited by organisms that reproduce asexually but not those that reproduce sexually
Genes Code for traits that can be inherited by organisms that reproduce sexually but not those that reproduce asexually
A fertilized egg receives 50% of its chromosomes from a sperm and 50% from the egg. Which process ensures that the sperm and egg contain only 50% of the chromosomes of an organism?
Fertilization
Meiosis
Mitosis
Mutation
Which statement correctly describes a difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
A sexually reproducing organisms do not have DNA, while sexually reproducing organisms have DNA
A sexually reproduce offspring have less variety in their genetic information than sexually reproduce to offspring
Asexually reproduced offspring had the same amount of genetic information as the parent, while sexually reproduced offspring have half as much genetic information as the parent.
Asexual reproduction in organisms takes longer than sexual reproduction due to the time required to find a mate
In 1862, Charles Darwin proposed that orchids are colorful to attract insects for cross pollination. Which statement likes his hypothesis with a principle of natural selection?
Cross pollination between orchids eliminates mutations
Cross pollination between orchids may produce offspring with more desirable traits
Cross pollination keep the genetic composition is the same in all orchids
Cross pollination produces more offspring than self pollinating orchids
A layer of igneous rock is located between layers of sedimentary rock in a region. What can scientists infer about the history of the region from the existence of the igneous rock layer?
The region experienced a drought
The region experienced a severely cold winter
And earthquake occurred
A volcanic eruption occurred
Geologic activity on an island physically separate a population of animals into two populations. Many generations later, when the two populations are no longer separated, they do not enter breed. What was the result of natural selection during this period of separation?
A decrease in variation
A decrease in diversification
An increase in extinction
An increase in speciation
Western coral snakes have a striped color pattern and are poisonous. Arizona mountain king snakes look like western coral snakes but are not poisonous. The color pattern of the Arizona mountain king snake is an example of?
Camouflage
Mimicry
Mutualism
Courtship behaviors
Which statement about fossils could be used as evidence that evolution by natural selection has been in effect for millions of years?
Fossils found in higher layers of rock are older than those found in lower layers
Fossils found in lower layers of rock are more complex than those found in higher layers
Fossils of current species have been found throughout rock layers that are billions of years old
Fossils of species that no longer exist but our ancestors of current species have been found in rock layers
Which of the following is a source of genetic variation within a species?
Cloning
Mutation
Selective breeding
Natural selection
Which of the following best illustrates natural selection?
An organisms with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully
A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate
A community whose members work together utilizes all existing resources in migratory routes
The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities
Human arm and bat wing
insect leg and human leg
bird wing and insect wing
lizard claw and bird beak
They grow at the same rate
they live in the same environment
they live for the same length of time
they evolved from a common ancestor
The diagram shows the fossils in two different sections of rock found on opposite sides of a canyon. Which layer in rock section one is approximately the same age as layer X in rock section two?
layer 1
layer 2
layer 3
layer 4
Rock Type 1: Sedimentary
Rock Type 2: Metamorphic
Rock Type 3: Igneous
Rock Type 1: Sedimentary
Rock Type 2: Igneous
Rock Type 3: Metamorphic
Rock Type 1: Metamorphic
Rock Type 2: Igneous
Rock Type 3: Sedimentary
Rock Type 1: Igneous
Rock Type 2: Metamorphic
Rock Type 3: Sedimentary
Which processes lead directly to the formation of Igneous Rock?
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
heat and pressure
melting and solidification (cooling)
What is a disadvantage for organisms that reproduce asexually rather than sexually?
The offspring receive less genetic material.
The offspring take more time to grow and develop.
The offspring resemble the parent, which makes it difficult to distinguish them from each other.
The offspring are genetically identical to each other, which reduces their ability to adapt to any changes in the environment.
What is a potential long-term impact of the continual selective breeding of livestock such as cattle?
The population of livestock will increase beyond the capacity of farms.
Farmers will be able to have a wide variety of different types of livestock on a farm.
There will be more food available as a result of a high population of livestock.
The biodiversity of livestock will decrease, making the population less resistant to diseases.
Which characteristic best supports that an offspring is produced by sexual reproduction and not asexual reproduction?
The offspring has the same number of chromosomes as its mother and father.
The offspring has the same need for energy resources as its mother and father.
The offspring has different DNA than its mother and father.
The offspring is smaller in size than its mother and father.
In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. A plant that is homozygous for purple flowers is crossed with a plant homozygous for white flowers.
Which Punnett square represents the outcome of this cross?
What is an advantage that asexual reproduction has over sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction creates offspring at a faster rate.
Asexual reproduction results in genetic diversity among offspring.
Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are larger in size than the parent.
Asexual reproduction allows offspring to be more adaptable to the environment.
The turtle is more advanced than the chicken
The chicken has more offspring than the turtle
The turtle and the chicken are similar as adults
The chicken and the turtle share a common ancestor
interbred with other species
inherited some advantageous variations
found new places on the island to live
been attacked by more predators
A female parent snail with a striped shell and a male parent with no stripes produce five offspring, as shown.
In sexual reproduction, only the male parent passes genes to the offspring.
In sexual reproduction, only the female parent passes genes to the offspring.
In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit genes from both parents, and each offspring has a new combination of traits.
In sexual reproduction, the male parent passes its genes to male offspring, and the female parent passes its genes to female offspring.
Genes are made up of chromosomes.
Chromosomes contain a single gene.
Centromeres hold instructions for how to make proteins.
Genes are present on chromosomes and control traits in an individual.
Mitosis causes a cell to undergo uncontrolled division.
Mitosis produces new cells that are identical to the parent cell.
Mitosis allows a cell to divide into four cells each with double the size of the parent cell.
Mitosis ensures that each newly produced cell has more genetic material than the parent cell.
statement 1
statement 2
statement 3
statement 4
25%
50%
75%
100%
Researchers create a biosensor by genetically engineering bacteria to glow when it detects DNT, a substance that forms from TNT, a common chemical found in explosives. What is a beneficial application of the biosensor?
It helps reduce the use of TNT as an explosive for mining.
It helps increase the output energy of explosives used for mining.
It helps clear explosive landmines buried in old battlefields.
It helps reduce soil pollution from explosives
Both daughter cells will have identical genetic material to the parent cell.
Cell division will result in two daughter cells that rely on each other for survival.
Each daughter cell will have more genetic material than the parent cell.
Cell division will result in two daughter cells that are different from each other.
Which statement best describes DNA’s relationship to a gene and chromosome?
A gene contains several chromosomes, and chromosomes are made from DNA.
A gene is a short section of DNA, and a chromosome is made from DNA.
DNA is made of chromosomes, and a gene contains DNA.
DNA is coiled into a chromosome, and a gene holds the chromosome together.
meiosis
metabolism
mitosis
mutation
Each offspring receives at least one dominant allele.
Each offspring receives at least one recessive allele.
Each offspring has alleles that are linked to each other.
Each offspring has an equal chance to inherit allele H or h from its mother.
Yellow pods are a recessive trait.
Yellow pods are a dominant trait.
Yellow pods are a shared trait.
Yellow pods are a mutated trait.
Which type of rock would you most likely find fossils?
Magma and Metamorphic rock
Igneous Rock
Sediments and Sedimentary rock
The fossil record shows fossils in a particular group of rocks that give information about how and when those rocks formed. The fossil record is also a set of all fossils together that can be used to tell the history of the earth.
Which of the following is best supported by the fossil record?
It shows an overwhelming mass of species that lived during the present time
It shows that atmospheric conditions must be ideal for the fossilizing of plant and animal species
It shows all 5 of the major mass extinctions in Earth's history
It shows that only a few amount of species have become extinct over the last 3 billion years
Which of the following is the most reasonable conclusion when fossils of these different types of organisms are found in the same layers of rock?
Crinoids were prey for trilobites
Crinoids were ancestors of trilobites
Crinoids and trilobites has similar behaviors
Crinoids and trilobites lived during the same time
A major climate climate drop in an area can affect several species plants. Which of the following could occur in the plant species when being comparing the climate change before and after the change? (select all that apply).
The plants will have more genetic variation after the climate change
The plants will have less genetic variation after the climate change
The plants will be more resistant to colder climate after the climate change
The plants will be less resistant to colder climate after the climate change
