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FOSS Heredity & Adaptation Vocab (All)

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

1. any trait of an organism that increases its chances of surviving and reproducing

a)

artificial selection

b)

allele

c)

adaptation

d)

mutation

2.

2. variations of genes that determine traits in organisms; two corresponding ________ on paired chromosomes constitute a gene

a)

gene

b)

genotype

c)

feature

d)

allele

3.

3. selective breeding

a)

artificial selection

b)

human genome

c)

generation

d)

sedimentary rock

4.

the smallest particle of an element

a)

cladogram

b)

atom

c)

compound

d)

trace fossil

5.

the variety of life that exists in a particular habitat of ecosystem

a)

evolution

b)

inherited characteristic

c)

species

d)

biodiversity

6.

a rock made from parts of an organism such as bones or teeth

a)

body fossil

b)

fossil record

c)

species

d)

sediments

7.

an early marine organism with two hard shells

a)

body fossil

b)

fossil record

c)

species

d)

brachiopod

8.

a trait that helps identify an organism

a)

body fossil

b)

common ancestor

c)

inference

d)

characteristic

9.

a structure made of coiled DNA that transfers herditary information to the next generation

a)

allele

b)

chromosome

c)

genome

d)

protein

10.

an evolutionary tree diagram based on shared characteristics

a)

allele

b)

artificial selection

c)

punnett square

d)

cladogram

11.

an organism from the past that is related to all the organisms in the group

a)

descendant

b)

related

c)

common ancestor

d)

human genome

12.

a molecule that contains an organism's genetic information

a)

protein

b)

gene

c)

deoxyribonucleic acid

d)

particle

13.

an organism related to an organism that lived earlier.

a)

descendant

b)

relative

c)

inheritance

d)

paleontology

14.

a form of gene that is expressed as the trait when a dominant allele is present

a)

recessive

b)

allele

c)

dominant

d)

paleontology

15.

a broad time span based on typical lifeforms

a)

geologic time

b)

fossil record

c)

biodiversity

d)

era

16.

the process by which modern organisms have descended from earlier lifeforms

a)

evolution

b)

fossil record

c)

biodiversity

d)

descendant

17.

to change

a)

evolution

b)

fossil record

c)

evolve

d)

descendant

18.

to no longer exist

a)

filial

b)

radial

c)

extinct

d)

related

19.

when a group of organisms is entirely destroyed

a)

extinction

b)

evolve

c)

adaptation

d)

related

20.

the offspring of the parent generation

a)

baby huey

b)

F2 generation (second filial)

c)

heredity

d)

F1 generation (first filial)

21.

the offspring of the F1 generation

a)

baby huey

b)

F2 generation (second filial)

c)

heredity

d)

F1 generation (first filial)

22.

a structure, characteristic, or behavior of an organism, such as eye color, plant height, or timing of migration

a)

relative

b)

feature

c)

heredity

d)

generation

23.

related to sons and daughters

a)

allele

b)

dominant

c)

paleontology

d)

filial

24.

any remains, trace, or imprint of animal or plant life preserved in Earth's crust

a)

fossil

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

paleontology

d)

filial

25.

ALL the fossils on Earth

a)

fossil

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

paleontology

d)

fossil remains

26.

the basic unit of heredity carried by the chromosomes; codes for proteins which determine the traits of an organism

a)

gene therapy

b)

gene

c)

genotype

d)

allele

27.

the process of spicing a piece of healthy DNA into the DNA of a virus so that the healthy DNA becomes part of the patient's genes, replacing the defective genes.

a)

gene therapy

b)

gene

c)

genotype

d)

allele

28.

offspring that are at the same stage of descent from a common ancestor

a)

gene therapy

b)

gene

c)

generation

d)

era

29.

an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering

a)

gene therapy

b)

population

c)

genetically modified organsim (GMO)

d)

genotype

30.

the study of genes and how they affect the triats of an organism

a)

paleontology

b)

gene therapy

c)

genetics

d)

inherited characteristics

31.

an organisms complete set of DNA

a)

allele

b)

genome

c)

genetics

d)

filial

32.

an organism's particular genetic makeup

a)

genotype

b)

genome

c)

genetics

d)

filial

33.

the period of time ranging from the formation of Earth, about 4.6 billion years ago to today

a)

fossil record

b)

geologic time

c)

geologist

d)

geography

34.

a scientist who studies Earth, it's materials and it's history

a)

paleontologist

b)

genetiscist

c)

biologist

d)

geologist

35.

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

a)

artifical selection

b)

heredity

c)

genetics

d)

natural slection

36.

a gene composed of two different alleles (a dominant and a recessive)

a)

homozygous

b)

heterogenious

c)

body fossil

d)

heterozygous

37.

a gene composed of two identical alleles

a)

homozygous

b)

heterogenious

c)

body fossil

d)

heterozygous

38.

a human's complete set of DNA

a)

human genome

b)

heterozygous

c)

relative

d)

population

39.

an explanation or assumption that people make based on theyr knowledge, experiences, or opinions

a)

variation

b)

inference

c)

relative

d)

hypothesis

40.

the passing on of genetic traits from parents to offspring

a)

gene therapy

b)

inference

c)

inheritence

d)

principle of superposittion

41.

a genetic trait that an ancestor passes on to its descendants

a)

inherited characteristic

b)

genome

c)

heterozygous

d)

principle of superposition

42.

a variation of an element

a)

atom

b)

radioactive

c)

isotope

d)

particle

43.

the quality of being restricted, such as what information is being shown in a model

a)

atom

b)

radioactive

c)

isotope

d)

limitations

44.

the first organism from the past that is related to all organisms in the group

a)

algorithm

b)

heredity

c)

ancestor

d)

most recent common ancestor

45.

a random change in an organism's DNA; a ________ can have a positive, negative or neutral effect on the organism

a)

mutation

b)

transition

c)

tetrapod

d)

natural slection

46.

the process by which the individuals best adapted to their environment tend to survive and pass their traits to subsequent generations

a)

mutation

b)

transition

c)

tetrapod

d)

natural selection

47.

a living thing

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

fossil

c)

organism

d)

trilobite

48.

the first generation in a group of organisms that are being studied

a)

F1 generation

b)

F2 generation

c)

P generation

d)

F3 generation

49.

a scientist who studies fossils

a)

biologist

b)

zoologist

c)

ornithologist

d)

paleontologist

50.

the study of life recorded in fossil remains

a)

biology

b)

zoology

c)

ornithology

d)

paleontology

51.

a small piece of a substance that is still THAT substance

a)

particle

b)

isotope

c)

compound

d)

sediment

52.

the traits produced by the genotype; the physical expression of the gene.

a)

genotype

b)

genome

c)

phenotype

d)

prototype

53.

all the individuals of one kind in a specified area at one time

a)

genotype

b)

generation

c)

phenotype

d)

population

54.

a theory that says sedimentary rocks on the bottom are older than the rocks on top

a)

principle of independant assortment

b)

principle of principals

c)

principal of the middle school

d)

principle of superposition

55.

a molecule that is part of cells and cell structures; determines the traits of an organism

a)

protein

b)

chromosome

c)

allele

d)

transgenic organism

56.

a mathematical model that predicts the probability of possible genotypes and the phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross

a)

protein

b)

multiplication table

c)

brackiopod

d)

Punnett Square

57.

an unstable isotope that decays at a predictable rate

a)

atom

b)

paleontology

c)

radioactive isotope

d)

nucleus

58.

a form of a gene that is expressed only when a dominant allele is not present

a)

isotope

b)

recessive

c)

chromosome

d)

dominant

59.

belonging to the same group or family; connected by common ancestory

a)

Please make sure that you do not choose this answer

b)

natural selction

c)

family genome

d)

related

60.

pieces of weathered rock such as sand, deposited by wind, water, and ice

a)

sediments

b)

speciation

c)

another wrong answer - don't choose this

d)

fossil

61.

a rock that forms when layers of sediments are stuck togehter

a)

sedimentary

b)

speciation

c)

specialization

d)

igneous

62.

the process of one species developing into two or more species that can no longer mate

a)

specialization

b)

speciation

c)

natural selection

d)

specialized

63.

a group of organisms that can interbreed or pass on its genes to future generations

a)

fossil record

b)

transgenic organism

c)

specialization

d)

species

64.

a vertabrate with FOUR limbs

a)

monopod

b)

tripod

c)

tetrapod

d)

i Pod

65.

a well tested scientific explanation

a)

organism

b)

terapod

c)

ornithology

d)

theory

66.

the theory that all species are descended from common ancestors who have changed over time by means of natural selection

a)

theory of inheritence

b)

theory of geology

c)

theory of a dead man

d)

theory of evolution

67.

rock that preserves evidence such as animal tracks or impressions

a)

fossil

b)

trace fossil

c)

trilobite

d)

brachiopod

68.

the specific way a feature is expressed in an individual organism; for example, blue and green eyes are traits for eye color

a)

fossil

b)

trace fossil

c)

trait

d)

brachiopod

69.

an organism whose DNA has been altered through genetic engineering

a)

fossil

b)

tracde fossil

c)

transgenic organism

d)

brachiopod

70.

change

a)

fossil

b)

trace fossil

c)

transition

d)

brachiopod

71.

an extinct saltwater organism that livedon the ocean floor 525-250 million years ago (mya)

a)

fossil

b)

trace fossil

c)

trilobite

d)

brachiopod

72.

the range of expression of a trait within a population

a)

fossil

b)

trace fossil

c)

variation

d)

brachiopod

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