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WorksheetsCells Unit Test Review
Total questions: 151
Worksheet time: 38hrs 45mins
During which phase of meiosis are the haploid cells formed?
anaphase I
telophase I
anaphase II
telophase II
Place the following steps in the correct order:
- Sperm nuclear envelope breaks down
- Genomes blend to form a diploid cell
- Decondensation occurs
- Sperm head penetrates egg cytoplasm
3, 1, 4, 2
3, 4, 2, 1
4, 3, 1, 2
4, 1, 3, 2
What is produced at the end of meiosis?
two diploid cells
two haploid cells
four diploid cells
four haploid cells
If nondisjunction occurs, then the cell has gone through
mitosis
meiosis I or II
meiosis or mitosis
fertilization
The corpus luteum produces a hormone called progesterone that inhibits the release of FSH. What is the purpose of this step?
It prevents more follicles from developing
It begins the menstruation process again
It blocks sperm from reaching the egg
It stimulates the release of more eggs
A cell undergoes meiosis and is still a diploid cell. What conclusion can most likely be drawn about the cell?
It has only undergone meiosis I
It is mutated and meiosis is damaged
Nondisjunction has occurred on every chromosome
It began with four times the number of chromosomes
Mitosis results in _______.
Haploid cells
Gametes
Diploid cells
Bacterial cells
A secondary spermatocyte has 80 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a spermatid have?
20
40
80
160
At the end of meiosis I, one daughter cell holds all of the homologous chromosomes and the other has none. In which phase did an error occur?
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Primary follicles in the ovary begin to develop into secondary follicles. What day of the menstrual cycle must it be?
Day 1
Day 7
Day 14
Day 21
The process of oogenesis in a female is analogous to _______ in a male.
Gastrulation
Fertilization
Regeneration
Spermatogenesis
What is the ratio of sperm cells generated to egg cells generated for every germ cell that undergoes meiosis?
1:1
1:2
4:1
Millions:1
Place the following steps in the correct order:
- Estrogen stimulates hypothalamus
- Follicle releases estrogen
- A surge of luteinizing hormone is released
- Secondary follicle grows
2, 1, 4, 3
2, 3, 4, 1
4, 2, 1, 3
4, 3, 2, 1
Place the following processes in the order they occur:
- Gastrulation
- Fertilization
- Implantation
- Decondensation
2, 4, 3, 1
2, 3, 1, 4
4, 2, 3, 1
4, 1, 3, 2
What cells produce primary spermatocytes?
Germ cells
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatogonia
Sperm
The first sperm to reach the egg does not necessarily fertilize it. Why is this the case?
The sperm that first binds with the egg's receptors and enters will fertilize it.
Only sperm with the correct binding proteins can fertilize an egg.
The sperm with the greatest adaptations to its environment will fertilize the egg.
The sperm having chromosomes most closely matching those of the egg will fertilize the egg.
An example of monosomy is:
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
Down syndrome
Patau syndrome
A child was born with a nervous system disorder that developed during gastrulation. What part of the embryo was damaged?
Blastoderm
Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm
The embryo a woman is carrying does not implant. What will most likely result from this event?
The embryo will develop in the center of the uterus
The woman will lose the embryo through miscarriage
The embryo will implant somewhere else in the woman
The embryo will split and the woman will have twins
Which of the following is NOT typically a defect caused by Patau syndrome?
Heart defects
Liver defects
Cataracts
Cleft palate
Which of the following is paired correctly?
Somatic cells: meiosis
Haploid daughter cells: meiosis
Two divisions: mitosis
Crossing over: mitosis
Are homologous chromosomes different from sister chromatids? Explain.
No; they are the same thing
No; they are just called chromosomes in meiosis and chromatids in mitosis
Yes; homologous chromosomes are exact copies of each other and sister chromatids are randomly linked up during metaphase
Yes; sister chromatids are identical before meiosis I, but homologous chromosomes come from each parent
The purpose of meiosis is to generate _________.
Sex cells
Offspring
Clones
New organisms
Which part(s) of the somatic cell is used in SCNT?
cytoplasm
nucleus
gamete
all organelles except the nucleus
Which of the following is true?
A mitotic parent cell must be a diploid
A meiotic parent cell must be a diploid
A meiotic parent cell must be aneuploid
A meiotic parent cell must be a haploid
Which of the following is one way that meiosis II is more similar to mitosis than meiosis I?
DNA replication occurs before mitosis and meiosis I
Haploid cells are produced from mitosis and meiosis II
Homologous chromosomes cross over in mitosis and meiosis I
Sister chromatids separate in mitosis and meiosis II
SCNT is not likely to be used to __________.
Replace cells in damaged tissue
Produce stem cells
Produce clones of animals
Create new species
Which is needed before meiosis can begin?
Recombination
DNA replication
Aneuploidy
Corpus luteum
If a cell were to undergo multiple mitotic divisions, but skipped the S-phase, what would eventually happen?
The number of chromosomes would grow too big to be contained
The number of chromosomes would remain the same in each daughter cell
The daughter cells would not have the same genetic information as each other or the parent cell
The daughter cells would get duplicates of the same genetic information
An embryo grows into a zygote through _________.
Cell division
Fertilization
Reproduction
Implantation
How many cells will a zygote be after five rounds of cell division?
5
16
32
64
Which of the following is a result of nondisjunction?
Crossing over
Trisomy
Degradation
Atresia
Your friend tells you that the number of chromosomes in a somatic cell of a carp fish is 105. What conclusion can you draw from this information
Your friend is wrong because diploid cells always have an even number of chromosomes
Your friend is wrong because that number is too high for a lower organism
Your friend is wrong because that is the carp's haploid number
Your friend knows a lot about chromosome counts
A parent cell acquires a mutation during DNA replication. How will the daughter cells be affected after mitosis?
They will also have the mutation
They will not have the mutation
There is a 25% chance they will have the mutation
It depends on whether the mutation is dominant or recessive
A hormone disorder in a woman causes her body to block the release of luteinizing hormone. What will this result in?
She will not develop primary follicles
She will not release a mature egg cell
Her oocytes will not undergo meiosis
She will not produce polar bodies
If a karyotype shows 39 chromosomes for an organism, what conclusion can be drawn?
The organism is a sea otter
The organism is haploid
Nondisjunction has occurred
It's a less complex life form than humans
An egg suddenly releases enzymes that form a barrier to sperm cells. What can you infer about the egg?
It has broken down
It has experienced a surge in LH
It has been fertilized
It mutated
Why does a male with Klinefelter syndrome display female characteristics?
The loss of an X chromosome causes the Y traits to be dominant
The loss of a Y chromosome causes the X traits to be dominant
The presence of an extra X chromosome amplifies female characteristics
The presence of an extra Y chromosome amplifies female characteristics
What cells are haploid?
all cells
somatic cells
bacterial cells
gametes
The skin cell of a dolphin contains 44 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a sperm cell of a dolphin have?
11
22
44
88
Why is there no homologous chromosome pairing in mitosis?
Mitosis doesn't go through metaphase
Mitosis doesn't go through anaphase
Mitosis only occurs in sex cells
Homologous chromosomes go to both daughter cells in mitosis
If following meiosis II, one daughter cell is monosomic and the other is trisomic, then why does an aneuploid offspring not show a mixture of monosomy and trisomy?
They do always occur together in the offspring
Monosomy occurs in male offspring, trisomy in female offspring
Monosomy only occurs in prokaryotes, trisomy in eukaryotes
Only one daughter cell from each parent contributes to the offspring
If a scientist was trying to artificially create a haploid cell that had chromosomes that were genetically different than its parent, which stage would the scientist have to stimulate?
Mitosis
Prophase I
Prophase II
Telophase
Karen has 47 chromosomes but no apparent abnormalities. What's true about Karen?
She has aneuploidy
She has monosomy
She will die young
She has a cleft palate
Which step comes after nuclear transfer occurs in SCNT?
The remainder of the somatic cell is discarded
The remainder of the egg cell is discarded
A cloned embryo develops
An electric spark stimulates mitosis
The egg cell of a chinchilla contains 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes does a skin cell of a chinchilla have?
16
32
64
128
A woman is having trouble getting pregnant. A doctor finds a corpus luteum on her ovary. What diagnosis can the doctor make?
The woman is not ovulating
The woman is not producing LH
The woman is not maturing eggs
The doctor cannot yet determine why she's not getting pregnant
Mitosis occurs in:
All eukaryotic organisms
Polar bodies
Only animals
Only sexually-reproducing animals
A cell that undergoes S-phase will be ________ after division
Haploid
Diploid
Fertilized
Asexual
A female human has an oocyte with 46 chromosomes. What conclusion can be drawn?
The cell is mutated
The cell did not separate chromatids in anaphase
The cell is fertilized with a sperm
The cell contains the normal number of chromosomes
During mitosis, in order to generate a haploid cell, a parent cell must undergo _________.
One metaphase
Two anaphases
One anaphase, two telophases
One cytokinesis
How many eggs are produced from one oocyte after it undergoes meiosis?
1
2
4
8
Which of the following is NOT affected by Down syndrome?
The circulatory system
Speech and language
Body development
Cognitive learning
The sex genotype of a male patient with Klinefelter syndrome must be:
XYY
XXY
YY
XXX
Why do you think a normal embryo does not require an electric shock to begin mitosis?
The natural fertilization process stimulates division
It is sexual not asexual like SCNT
The sperm cell provides the electric shock
Nerve cells in the uterus provide the shock
Which of the following statements about gamete formation is true?
Males and females both undergo oogenesis
Only spermatogenesis involves meiosis
Oogenesis is more complex than spermatogenesis
It only occurs in asexual organisms
A researcher tries everything he can, but cannot get a certain cell to undergo mitosis. What must be wrong with the cell?
It is done growing
It is a gamete
It is diploid
It is a bacterium
Place the following steps in the correct order:
- Tertiary follicle develops
- First meiotic division of primary oocyte
- Ovulation
1,2,3
1,3,2
2,1,3
3,2,1
Which of the following is not a way that sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity?
Genetic material from two individuals is combined
New combinations of genes occur
Recombination during meiosis occurs
Combined parenting leads to faster reproduction
A red panda parent cell has 36 chromosomes. How many will each daughter cell have after two rounds of mitosis?
4
36
72
144
After mitosis, two daughter cells together have 96 chromosomes. How many chromosomes did the parent cell have?
24
48
96
192
A prokaryotic cell undergoes binary fission. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
The parent cell didn't have plasmids
The parent cell didn't have a cell membrane
The daughter cells do not have nuclei
The daughter cells do not have DNA
What is one difference between how DNA Is organized in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells typically have linear DNA Structures, while eukaryotic cells have circular DNA
Eukaryotic cells typically have linear DNA structures, while prokaryotic cells have circular DNA
Prokaryotic cells DNA is packed into a structure called chromatin, while eukaryotic cells is not
Eukaryotic cells DNA is packaged into structures called plasmids, while prokaryotic cells are not
How does the S phase affect the process of cell division
It ensures that copies of DNA are available for each daughter cell
It ensures that the cell grows large enough to split into daugher cells
it ensures that two separate nuclei form, on for each daughter cell
It ensures that the chromosomes are aligned properly for separation into the daughter cells.
A student explains that the cell cycle is a four-stage process that carries out cell division in all cells. What is one problem with this statement?
The cell cycle occurs only in prokaryotic cells.
the cell cycle occurs only in eukarytoic cells
the cell cycle has more than four stages
the cell cycle has less than four stages.
Which of these stages is NOT part of Interphase?
G1
S
G2
M
What is the relationship between binary fission and cell division?
Binary fission is the name of cell division in cancer cells
binary fission creates proteins necessary for cell division
binary fission is a type of cell division that occurs in prokaryotic cells
binary fission creates nuclear membranes for the process of cell division.
A scientist wants to investigate the causes of skin cancer in humans. Which of the following processes would be the most appropriate to investigate?
binary fission
cellular respiration
cell transformation
replication of plasmid DNA
What is one difference between mitosis and binary fission
in mitosis, but not binary fission, a growth period separates the DNA replication and the actual division
In mitosis, but not binary fission, DNA attaches to either end of the cell memebrane
In binary fission but not mitosis, a single parent cell divides into multiple daughter cells
in binary fission, but not mitosis, daughter cells receive copies of DNA
How does cell transformation affect a cell?
It cause the cell to attack tumor cells
it causes the cell to be unable to produce daughter cells
it causes the cell to lose the ability to control its rate of division
it causes the cell to divide without replicating its DNA
A scientist is observing a cell during mitosis. Which of these actions would indicate that the cell is in the stage of prophase?
kinetochore fibers form
nuclear membrane reforms
centromeres separate
chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
Which of these processes occurs in mitosis but not in binary fission?
formation of nuclear envelopes
production of multiple daughter cells
replication of DNA
segregation of plasmids
A scientist is observing a cell during mitosis. Which of these actions would indicate that the cell in the stage of anaphase?
chromosomes are decondesing
chromosome pairs are moving away from each other
DNA condenses into chromosomes
chromosomes align at the spindle equator
What is the typical configuration of chromosomes in eukaryotic cells?
circular
linear
rectangular
triangular
A scientist conducts an investigation in which she disrupts the activity of telomerase in cancer cells. Considering the role of telomerase, which of these results should she expect to observe?
Cancer cells lose their ability to take in nutrients
chromosomes in cancer cells begin to degrade during cell division
cancer cells begin to reproduce without nuclei
the cell membranes of cancer cells weaken and eventually break
What is one difference between the G1 phase and the G2 phase?
In G1 DNA has not been replicated. In G2 DNA has been replicated
In G1 the cell is growing. In G2 the cell has stopped growing
In G1 chromosomes are separated. In G2 chromosomes are still together
In G1 the nuclear membrane breaks down. In G2 nuclear membrane reforms.
21- year old female is diagnosed with malignant melanoma, a form of skin cancer that is estimated to kill nearly 9000 people in the US each year. Melanoma occurs when DNA in skin cells becomes damaged, resulting in uncontrolled growth and tumors. Doctors think the patient's DNA mutation was most likely caused by her occasional but intensive exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Which of the following statements is the best conclusion based on her diagnosis?
Her children will not inherit the mutation because it occurred in her skin cells
Her children will inherit the mutation because it affected her DNA
Doctors cannot yet determine whether her children will inherit the mutation
if her melanoma is treated her children will no inherit the mutation.
How do tumors affect other parts of an organsim?
Tumors deprive healthy cells of nutrients
Tumors cause healthy cells to absorb too much water
Tumors send death signals to healthy cells
Tumors increase telomerase production in healthy cells.
A scientist is designing an investigation of mutations that occur during DNA replication. Which phase of the cell cycle will most likely be the focus of the investigation?
G1
G2
S
M
A student claims that during the G2 phase, the cell is growing and preparing for DNA replication. WHy is this statement inaccurate?
In G2 the cell is not growing
In G2 the cell is not preparing for DNA replication
Both A & B
Neither A nor B
A cell from a certain organism contains 64 individual, or 32 pairs, of chromosomes. Which of these conclusions can you draw?
A mutation has occurred in the cell
The cell cannot be human
The cell must be prokaryotic
Cellular transformation has made the cell cancerous
Chromosomes lined up at the center of a cell move to opposite ends of the cell, but the centromere does not split. What must be true?
this is mitotic anaphase
this is meiosis II
this is meiosis I
this is a bacterial cell
A scientists wants to observe the transformation of chromatin into individual chromosomes. At what point in the cell cycle would she expect to see this occur?
immediately before cell division
immediately after cell division
immediately before DNA replication
immediately after DNA replication
Which is a reason that metastic cancer (cancer that has spread from the place or origin) is harder to treat than localized cancer?
Surgery will no longer remove all of the cancer cells
The metastic cancer cells have longer lifespans than localized cancer cells
The metastic cancer cells are always found in the brain, which is a more delicate organ
The metastic cancer cells are able to produce dozens of daughter celks from a single parent cell in one cell cycle.
A student claims that it is dangerous to go near people with cancer because cancer is contagious. Why is this assumption incorrect?
Cancer only affects people who are already sick.
Cancer can only be transmitted through touch, not through air.
Cancer originates from cells in one's own body, not from another organism.
Cancer occurs only in people above a certain age, so younger people have no risk of getting it.
A student wants to observe M phase in cells by using a microscope. Which of these steps would be necessary for this investigation?
Combining the cells with bacteria
Boiling the cells in water
Adding salt to the cells
Staining the cells
Which of these structures are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
Cell membrane
Chromatin
DNA
Plasmid
A student explains that during telophase, the nuclear membrane decondenses and chromosomes reform. What is wrong with this statement?
The chromosomes do not reform, the decondense
The nuclear membrane does not decondese, it reforms
Both A and B
Neither A or B
In which of these situations could you conclude that cancer cells have invaded other tissues?
A patient is found to have a cancerous mole on her skin
A patient is found to have a tumor in the lungs that is composed of breast cells
Cancer cells are continuing to divide even after a patient undergoes chemotherapy
Cancer cells have formed a tumor that is taking nutrients from other parts of the patient's body
What is one difference between G2 phase and M phase?
During G2 phase the cell grows, but during M phase the cell stops growing
During G2 phase DNA is copied, but during M phase chromosomes are copied
During G2 phase the nuclear membrane breaks down, but during M phase the nuclear membrane is restored
During G2 phase the cell prepares for DNA replication, but during M phase the cell prepares for division
Which of these results from cell division?
cells expand their membranes and double in size
cells separate all of their organelles into smaller parts
multiple daughter cells share a single nucleus
multiple daughter cells are formed from one parent cell
A cell has undergone DNA replication but has not yet begun to divide. What can you conclude about its position in the cell cycle?
It is in the G2 phase
It is in the S phase
It is in the G1 phase
It is in the M phase
Which of these lists organizes the phase of mitosis in order from first to last?
prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase
metaphase, prophase, telophase, anaphase
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase
Cancer can be caused by a mutation in a single gene. Which of the following genes, if mutated, are unlikely to cause cancer?
A gene that regulates the frequency of cell division
The gene from telomerase
A gene that is involved in responding to cell death signals
A gene that regulates ATP production
How are cancer cells different from healthy cells?
Cancer cells originate from an outside organism
Cancer cells divide more slowly and die more quickly
Cancer cells do no follow the normal requirements for cell division
Cancer cells do not have copies of DNA from parent cells
What is the order of the phases of the cell cycle?
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, M Phase
G1 phase, G2 phase, S Phase, M phase
S phase, M phase, G1 phase, G2 phase
S phase, G1 phase, M phase, G2 phase
Which of these would be evidence that a cell is prokaryotic?
the attachment of kinetochores to spindle fibers
the presence of tightly coiled, circular DNA
a growth period between DNA replication and cell division
the formation of two nuclear membranes
What causes the chromosomes to move to the opposite ends of the spindle during anaphase?
the chromosomes are pulled by the kinetochore fibers attached to the centromeres
the centrioles magnetically pull the chromosomes apart
nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes and drag them apart
the chromosomes are pulled by the kinetochore fibers attached to the telomeres
A student makes the following statement: "Cell division is a process that occurs in eukaryotic cells in which a parents cell splits into two or more daughter cells." What is one problem with this statement?
cell division occurs in prokaryotic, not eukaryotic cells
cell division occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
cell division always produces one daughter cell, not two
cell division may produce cells other than daughter cells
In which of these organisms does binary fission occur?
Acacia Trees
Basillus subtilis bacteria
Fruit Flies
Gray squirrels
Which of the processes occurs in both binary fission and mitosis?
formation of nuclear envelopes
rearrangement of organelles
replication of DNA
segregation of plasmids
How is the position of chromosomes different in metaphase and telophase?
In metaphase, the chromosomes are at the spindle equator, but in telophase they are at the poles of the spindle
In metaphase, the chromosomes are at the poles of the spindle, but in telophase they are at the spindle equator
In metaphase, the chromosomes are moving freely in the nucleus, but in telophase they are being pulled to opposite ends of the spindle
In metaphase, the chromosomes are being pulled to opposite ends of the spindle, but in telophase they are moving freely in the nucleus
In which types of organisms could a scientist observe mitosis?
animals
plants
both A and B
neither A nor B
Which of the following is true of both plants and prokaryotes?
Ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm
Ribosomes are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum
Thylakoids are found in the cholorplasts
Genetic material is found in the nucleoid
A protein transports an ion across the cell membrane against its concentration gradient. Which of the following must be true?
The ion is being transported without chemical energy
The ion is being moved from the inside to the outside of the cell
The ion pump is using active transport to move the ion
The ion pump is moving the ion from high to low concentration
A certain protein transports a sodium ion from the inside of the cell membrane to the outside using active transport. Which of the following must be true?
There is no change in concentration before or after transport
The transport process did not use chemical energy
After transport, the concentration of protein in the cell decreases
After transport, the concentration of sodium is lower inside the cell
A student claims that the only difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, but prokaryotic cells do not. What is wrong with this claim?
The description of the cell types are incorrect. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
There is another difference between the cell types. Eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane but prokaryotic cells have a cell wall instead
The description of the cell types is incorrect. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, and eukaryotic cells do not.
There is another difference between the cell types. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, but prokaryotic cells do not
A scientist observes a cell under a microscope. She sees a mitochondria, vacuoles, and chloroplasts. From which of the following organisms could the cell have been taken?
a horse
a fern
a fruit fly
a Streptococcus bacterium
The primary component of the cytoplasm and the surrounding environment is usually water. Which of the following is true of the phospholipid layer?
The tails of the phospholipid face the cytoplasm and surround environment
The heads of the phospholipid face the cytoplasm and surrounding environment
Both A and B
neither A or B
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
to transport materials throughout the cell
to provide structure and mechanical support for the cell
to regulate the flow of materials in and out of the cell
to generate chemical energy that powers the cell
A cells needs to transport a certain ion across its cell membrane. In which of these situations can you conclude that energy must be used?
the ion is moving from high to low concentration
the ion is moving from low to high concentration
the ion is moving from the inside to the outside of the cell
the ion is moving from the outside to the inside of the cell
A student claims that a cytoskeleton is a structure unique to animals cells whose sole responsibility is giving the cells its shape. What is the statement incorrect?
cytoskeletons are found in all cells
cytoskeletons are also involved in cell division
both A & B
neither A nor B
Which of these lists organizes the parts of a complex organism form most basic to most complex?
cell-organ-tissue
tissue-cell-organ
cell-tissue-organ
organ-tissue-cell
What is the relationship between ER and GA
Proteins from the ER are modified and packaged by the GA
Chemical energy released by the ER is used by the GA to produce proteins
The ER is a set of fibers within the GA that give the cells its shape
the ER has digestive enzymes that break down food and waste from the GA
A certain cell contains a nucleoid, plasmids, and ribosomes. What conclusion can be drawn about the cell?
It must be prokaryotic
It must be eukaryotic
It must have a mitochondria
It must have a capsule
When a phospholipid bilayer forms in water, what can you conclude about the arrangement of the phospholipids?
All the tails are pointing inward to the center of the bilayer
All the tails are pointing toward the surround water
All the heads are pointing inward to the center of the bilayer
the orientation of the heads and tails alternates
A student examines a cell using a microscope. He sees a nucleus, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. What is one conclusion he can draw about the cell?
It could be a plant cell.
It could be an animal cell.
It cannot have ribosomes
It cannot have a cell membrane
What is one difference between ion channels and ion pumps?
Ion pumps use active transport, but ion channels use passive transport.
Ion pumps use passive transport, but ion channels use active transport
Ion pumps use microtubules but ion channels use vacuoles
Ion pumps use vacuoles, but ion channels use microtubules
Which of these statements is NOT part of cell theory
All cells emerge from pre-exisitng cells
All organisms are composed of one or more cells
Every cell has a nucleus that contains genetic material
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
What is one piece of evidence to support the idea that animal cells have shape and structure even though they do not have cell walls?
Animal cells have capsules
Animal cells have cytoskeletons
Animal cells have flagella
Animal cells have ribosomes
A scientist prepares to examine a slide of bacterial cells and another slide of animal cells under a microscope. In which of the cells can she expect to observe lysosomes?
In the bacterial cells only
in the animal cells only
in both bacteria and animal cells
in neither bacteria nor animal cells
A sealed bottle of clear fruit juice is stored for one mont. After one month, the juice is cloudy and a solid material has appeared in the bottom of the bottle. Testing reveals that the solid material is bacteria. Which of the following had to have been in the sealed bottle when it was stored in order to give rise to so many bacteria?
at least on bacterium
essential amino acids
vitamins
at least one virus
Which of these statements best supports the idea that a cell is the basic unit of a living organism
the number of cells in an organism affects the size of that organism
a tissue is composed of cells with similar structure and function
some organisms have only one cells
all organisms are made up of one or more cells
Which of these best explains why mitochondria are called the "powerhouse" of the cell?
they generate chemical energy in the form of ATP
they generate energy from photosynthesis
they control all of the organelles in the cells
they control the movement of the cell form one place to another.
What is one difference between plant cells and animal cells?
Animal cells have smaller vacuoles than plants do
animal cells have thicker cell walls than plant cells do
animal cells have ribosomes and plants do not
animal cells have smaller chloroplasts than plants do
Which of the following changes in the surrounding environment would be most likely to disrupt a phospholipid bilayer
increase the concentration of water
increase the concentration of phopholipid
increase the concentration of a hydrophobic substance
increase the concentration of a hydrophilic substance
A student examines a human skin cell under a powerful microscope. Which of these could he expect to see in the cell?
a cell wall
a nucleoid
one or more chloropasts
one or more small vacuoles
A student explains that plant cells have cell walls but not cell membranes, while animal cells have cell membranes but not cell walls. what is wrong with this statement?
Plant cells do not have cell walls
animal cells do not have cell membranes
both plant and animal cells have cell walls
both plant and animal cells have cell membranes
A student makes the following statement: "All living things are made up of many cells." How should this statement be revised so that it is accurate?
All living things are made up of one cell
All living things are made up of one or more cells
Some living things are made up of one ore more cells
All living and non-living things are made up of many cells
A student draws a diagram of an E. Coli cell, which is a type of bacteria. He draws and labels the cytoplasm, the cell membrane, DNA, and mitochondria. What is one problem with his diagram?
Bacterial cells do not have DNA
Bacterial cells do not have a cell membrane
Bacterial cells do not have cytoplasm
Bacterial cells do not have mitochondria
Which of these is found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
cell membrane
cytoplasm
DNA
nucleus
A drug that can stop protein synthesis is added to a cell culture. Which of the following is most likely to determine if the drug kills the cells
the number of ribosomes in teh cells
the ability of the drug to cross the cell membrane
the amount of protein in the cell
whether the drug is natural or man-made
A scientists hypothesizes that if the inner membrane of a mitochondria were smooth instead of folded, less ATP would be produced. Why would this affect ATP production?
there would be less fluid available in the mitochondrion
there would be more space available in the mitochondrion
there would be less surface area on the inner membrane
there would be no means on transporting materials through the inner membrane
What is one difference between the head and tails of a phospholipid in the cell membrance?
The head is attracted to water and the tails are repelled by the water
the head is repelled by water and the tails are attracted to water
the head transports ions and the tails transport waste material
the head transports waste material and the tail transports ions
In which of the following situations is a new organism produced?
a single human skin cell divides
a single-celled bacterium divides
both A and B
Neither A or B
In which of the following cells would a scientist NOT be able to observe mitochondria?
Plant cells
Animal cells
Fungal cells
Bacterial cells
Which of these statements correctly describes a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not
Eukaryotic cells have DNA and prokaryotic cells do not
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and eukaryotic cells do not
Prokaryotic cells have DNA and eukaryotic cells do not
How do substances move into or out of the cell through endocytosis?
Substances are "engulfed" by a cell's plasma membrane and brought into the cell in a vesicle
Substances are "engulfed" by a vesicle, which crosses the cell membrane
Substances are "engulfed" by a cell's plasma membrane to form a channel into the cell
Exocytosis is an example of what type of transport?
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Passive transport
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion allows certain kinds of compounds that are normally blocked by the cell membrane to cross the membrane. All of the following are examples of compounds that move by facilitated diffusion except
Glucose
Potassium
Sodium
Water
All of the following describe a role of a biochemical pump in active transport except of which of the following?
It helps move materials across the membrane against their concentration gradient
It helps large molecules that do not normally cross the cell membrane to enter or exit cells
It helps move water more quickly across the membrane
It helps a cell accumulate a relatively high concentration of a molecule
What factor(s) can affect diffusion speed?
A size of the diffused materials
Shape of the diffused materials
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Which best describes the role of exocytosis in cell transport?
Exocytosis moves substances into the cell
Exocytosis moves substances out of the cell
Exocytosis moves substances into or out of the cell, against their concentration gradient
Exocytosis moves substances into or out of the cell, down a concentration gradient
How does particle size affect a molecule's transport across a cell membrane?
It is easier for small molecules to diffuse across the cell membrane
It is easier for large molecules to diffuse across the cell membrane
Particle size is less important than a particle shape for calculation transport speed
Particle size does not affect a molecule's transport speed across the cell membrane
What differentiates facilitated diffusion from other forms of passive transports?
In facilitated diffusion, a special protein channel helps substances cross the cell membrane
Facilitated diffusion is not a form of a passive transport
Facilitated diffusion required ATP
In facilitated diffusion, water flows through protein channels until it reaches the same concentration inside and outside the cell
Which example(s) of cell transport do/does not require chemical energy?
Drops of blue food coloring are placed in water and spread throughout the water, turning it blue
A potato slice is placed in water and water molecules from inside the potato move into the surrounding water
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
Suppose that you stayed in the bathtub too long, causing your hands and feet to look wrinkled. What kind of passive cell transport causes this effect?
Osmosis
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Exocystosis
What is the role of ATP in the process of active transport?
It provides the energy that cells need to move molecules against a concentration gradient
It lengthens the fatty acid chains in the membrane
It weakens the membrane, allowing molecules to pass through more easily
It provides the energy to transport the cell in its environment
What is (are) the main difference (s) between passive transport and active transport?
Passive transport does not require any cellular proteins; active transport requires cellular proteins
Active transport requires cellular energy for substances to cross the cell membrane; passive transport does not
Passive transport occurs primarily in single-cell organisms; active transport occurs primarily in multicellular organisms
Active transport works against gravity (for example, upwards from the root of a tree); passive transport works with gravity (downward)
Which of the following is an example of osmosis?
A plant's roots use osmosis to absorb water from the soil
Intestinal cells use osmosis to absorb nutrients from food
A single-celled organism uses osmosis to take in food particles
The human body uses osmosis to move antibodies out of cell
Which best describes the role of endocytosis in cell transport?
Endocytosis moves substances into the cell
Endocytosis moves substances out of the cell
Endocytosis moves substances into or out of the cell, against their concentation gradient
Endocytosis moves substances into or out of the cell, down a concentration gradient
