According to the practical evidence, knee flexion and knee extension motion is increased only _________ when continuous passive motion is used following knee arthroplasty?

After surgery, continuous passive motion is typically used for _______ hours a day.

Cervical and lumbar traction applies a force that separates vertebrae and increases the intervertebral space and leads to what effects? Select all that apply.

Circumferential compression applies an equal amount of pressure to all parts of the extremity simultaneously.

Compression units should not be used until what pathologies have been ruled out? Select all that apply.

Continuous passive motion can possibly provide pain reduction via the gate mechanism, which occurs from the stimulation of afferent nerves located in what tissues?

Continuous passive motion is more effective than static stretching when increasing range of motion due to soft tissue restriction.

Excess fluids that build up within a joint can lead to what inhibitory reflex?

In general, what percentage of the body weight will cause separation of the cervical spine when the patient is in a reclined position?

In healthy vertebrae, approximately what percentage of the spine’s weight-bearing load is transmitted through the facet joint?

In order to open the intervertebral space, approximately what degree of flexion should the cervical spine be placed in?

In what position should the lumbar spine be placed to open the facet joints?

In what region(s) of the spine is stenosis most prevalent?

Intermittent compression is substantially more effective at treating lymphedema than post-traumatic edema.

Protein-rich matter is more responsive to intermittent compression than fluids

Robert Salter originally proposed the use of continuous passive motion and hypothesized that its application would be beneficial in which ways? Select all that apply.

The application of continuous passive motion is thought to stimulate the circulation of synovial fluid, which enhances the uptake of nutrients by what tissue in the knee?

The decision to use continuous passive motion should be based on the specific pathology to be treated.

The design of what continuous passive motion device is similar to manually moving the patient’s limb through a range of motion?

The effect and effectiveness of traction is related to which of the following? Select all that apply

The passive movements and elevation of the body part are components of continuous passive motion that increase which factors?

The primary contraindications to intermittent compression are associated with the significant increase in flow through the venous system.

The pumping action created by continuous passive motion circulates synovial fluid and assists in the removal of what? Select all that apply.

There is an increase in venous blood flow from the leg when sequential compression is applied to the foot and leg when compared to intermittent compression of the calf alone.

Through what mechanism(s) does external compression reduce pain? Select all that apply.

Throughout a range of motion, when is joint volume normally at its greatest?

Traction applied with unilateral tension at a sagittal angle is a useful setup in the treatment of what pathologies? Select all that apply.

What continuous passive motion design is most suitable for use with the knee?

What do the fundamental effects of cervical and lumbar traction arise from?

What is the common treatment duration when using lumbar or cervical traction to treat muscle spasm?

What is the normal pressure range when using intermittent compression to treat the upper extremity?

What plane is associated with the use of either a flexion or extension traction angle?

What type of traction is best suited for treating degenerative disk disease of the cervical spine?

When applying intermittent compression for long periods of time, which of the following should be checked regularly?

When compared to faster speeds, slower speeds of continuous passive motion are theorized to produce better tensile properties of healing tendons.

When examining the evidence, the effect of what traction variables is clearly understood?

When subacute or chronic conditions exist, what is an intermittent or sequential compression unit best used for? Select all that apply.

When treating lymphedema, what is the typical treatment time of intermittent compression?

When treating the cervical spine, you should question the patient about sensation in what region(s) of the spine?

When using external compression to treat lower leg edema, pressures of _______ have been shown to increase venous flow by 175 percent.

When using intermittent compression to treat lymphedema, what is the common duration of treatment?

Where on the foot does external compression need to be applied to successfully reduce foot edema?

Which are considered contraindications to the use of continual passive motion? Select all that apply.

Which are contraindications to the application of intermittent compression? Select all that apply.

Which are indications for the use of intermittent compression as a treatment? Select all that apply.

Which form of continuous passive motion device allows for compensatory motion between the patient’s extremity and the carriage of the device?

Which form of traction allows the patient to self-administer the traction?

Which of the following are indications to the use of lumbar traction? Select all that apply

Which of the following are indications to treat with continuous passive motion? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is considered a contraindication to the use of lumbar traction?

Which of the following is not a benefit realized through the use of continuous passive motion?

Which of the following is reduced during the realignment of collagen that occurs with the use of continuous passive motion? Select all that apply.

Which option below best represents the philosophy regarding the effects of continuous passive motion?

Which pathology can eventually cause the formation of osteophytes, which can cause the vertebral column to straighten?

Which statement best describes sustained traction?

Which statement is true concerning the evidence of intermittent compression?

Which statement is true concerning the pressure gradient created by the application of external compression?

While continuous passive motion can be used on many different joints, what joint is it predominantly used with?