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Soil Quiz

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A dark, crumbly layer of soil that contains the most humus. Many living things live here.

a)

silt

b)

topsoil

c)

subsoil

d)

bedrock

2.
Farmers prefer to plant crops in soil that is rich in nutrients.  Which of these soil types would MOST LIKELY contain the most nutrients?
a)
soil that has many large rock particles in it
b)
soil that allows water to drain very easily
c)
soil with a bedrock very close to the surface
d)
soil with a lot of decomposed organic matter
3.
Soil formation begins with the weathering of 
a)
litter.
b)
bedrock.
c)
the A horizon.
d)
humus.
4.
Soil that is rich in humus has high
a)
fertility.
b)
water content.
c)
sand content.
d)
clay content.
5.
Layers of soil are also known as:
a)
Soil Profiles
b)
Soil Horizons
c)
Soil sheets
d)
Soil cores
6.

What is soil composed of? Hint: there are 4!

a)

Air

b)

Rock particles

c)

Organic material

d)

Unweathered rock

e)

Water

7.
What is the correct order of soil formation
a)
A,B,C
b)
C,B,A
c)
B,A,C
d)
C,A,B
8.
The type of soil that holds water and is sticky when wet and hard and clumpy when dry. 
a)
silt
b)
clay 
c)
sand
9.

A mixture of rock and minerals particles, decayed organic material, air, and water is called (a)   .

10.
Decayed organic material in soil is called 
a)
Loam
b)
Soil
c)
Humus
d)
Sand
11.
Which processes are primarily responsible for the formation of soil?
a)
volcanic activity
b)
physical and chemical weathering 
c)
worms and decaying organisms 
d)
none of the above
12.

A loose mixture of small mineral fragments, organic material, water, and air that can support the growth of vegetation

a)

Soil

b)

Leaf Litter

c)

Humus

d)

Bedrock

13.
A method to maintain the fertility of the soil by protecting the soil from erosion and nutrient loss
a)
Soil 
b)
Soil Conservation
c)
Soil Erosion
d)
Saving the Dirt
14.

What soil conservation technique is this?

a)

Conservation Plowing

b)

Contour Plowing

c)

Cover Crops

d)

Terracing

15.

What soil conservation technique is this?

a)

Crop Rotation

b)

Wind Breaks

c)

Contour Plowing

d)

No-Till Farming

16.
What soil conservation technique is this?
a)
Crop Rotation
b)
Wind Breaks
c)
Contour Plowing
d)
No-Till Farming
17.

What kind of soil conservation method is this?

a)

Wind breaks

b)

Conservation (No-Till) plowing

c)

Crop rotation

d)

Contour Plowing

18.

The leaf litter (Sticks, leaves, twigs, moss, lichen etc) is a part of which horizon?

a)

O

b)

A

c)

E

d)

B

19.

The "A" Horizon is also referred to as what type of soil

a)

Regolith

b)

Subsoil

c)

Humus

d)

Topsoil

20.

The "B" Horizon is what type of soil

a)

Bedrock

b)

Topsoil

c)

Subsoil

d)

Leaf litter

21.

The "C" Horizon is made up of large______ and lumps of broken Bedrock

a)

Dirt

b)

Rocks

c)

Leaves

d)

Worms

22.

The "R' Horizon is also known as?

a)

Subsoil

b)

Loam

c)

Bedrock

d)

Regolith

23.

What is the correct order of the Soil Horizons from top to bottom?

a)

O-R-A-B-C

b)

A-B-C-O-R

c)

O-A-B-C-R

d)

R-A-B-C-O

24.

Select the layer of soil which is the best for plant growth.

a)

leaf litter

b)

topsoil

c)

regolith

d)

subsoil

25.

What is another name for the 'C' Horizon?

a)

Loam

b)

Topsoil

c)

Regolith

d)

Bedrock

26.

An even amount of sand, slit, and clay that is best for growing plants is called

a)

leaf litter

b)

loam

c)

humus

d)

sod

27.

The tough mass of roots that helps hold soil in place is known as

a)

loam

b)

sod

c)

legumes

d)

grass

28.

What are two causes for the Dust Bowl which occured in the 1930's?

a)

Drought (lack of rain)

b)

Rain washed the soil away

c)

Removal of sod due to over plowing

d)

Growing the same crop year after year

29.

When soil looses it fertility, it looses

a)

the topsoil

b)

the subsoil

c)

the nutrients plants need to grow

d)

the earthworms and insects that live in soil

30.

What kind of soil do we have in Cresskill NJ?

a)

Mountain Soil

b)

Prairie Soil

c)

Forest Soil

d)

Tropical Soil

31.

Topsoil gets it nutrients from decaying organic matter also kown as (a)   .

32.

What are two ways soil can be damaged?

a)

It can become infertile.

b)

It can be eroded away.

c)

It can have too many living things.

d)

It can have too much loam.

33.

How much of the soil on earth is good for farming?

a)

1/4

b)

all of it

c)

only forest soils

d)

1/8

34.

How can you tell if soil is fertile?

a)

It has a lot of sand.

b)

It has a light color.

c)

It has a dark color.

d)

It has no worms or insects.

35.

What do living things DO for the soil?

a)

decompose leaf litter

b)

drain nutrients out of the soil

c)

mix the soil

d)

tunnels add space for air and water

36.

How long does it take a few centimeters of soil to form?

a)

Ten years

b)

Hundreds of years

c)

Thousands of years

d)

Millions of years

37.

What kind of soil is the MOST fertile?

a)

Mountain Soil

b)

Forest Soil

c)

Tropical Soil

d)

Prairie Soil

e)

Desert Soil

38.

How do scientists classify soils? Choose 3.

a)

Rate of erosion

b)

Types of plants living in the soil

c)

Living organisms

d)

Texture of the soil

e)

Climate where the soil is found

39.

Legumes are plants have bacteria that live in their roots that turn atmospheric nitrogen into a nutrient plants get from the soil.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

True or False: Tropical soil is fertile and rich in nutrients.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

Organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, that break down organic material and turn it into humus.

a)

scavengers

b)

decomposers

c)

aerators

d)

earth worms

42.

True or False: Sod helps the soil by holding it in place and by keeping moisture in the soil.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Peanuts, a typle of (a)   restore the soil's fertility as they grow due to nitrogen-fixing bacteria that live in their roots.

44.

A method of soil conservation in which farmers plant corn in a field one year, peanuts the next year, and alfalfa the year after that.

a)

Contour plowing

b)

Conservation plowing

c)

Cover crops

d)

Crop rotation

45.

A method of soil conservation in which farmers plow along the contours of the land to reduce erosion.

a)

Contour plowing

b)

Conservation plowing

c)

Cover crops

d)

Crop rotation

46.

A method of soil conservation in which farmers leave the stalks of the previous year's crop in the soil and till the land with minimal disrutption.

a)

Contour plowing

b)

Conservation plowing

c)

Cover crops

d)

Crop rotation

47.

How would you compare young soil to soil that has been around a long time?

a)

Young soil has more plants than older soil.

b)

Youg soil can hold more water than older soil.

c)

Young soil has less organic material than older soil.

d)

Older soil is rockier and has more sand than young soil.

48.

Humans contributed to the Dust Bowl because farmers plowed up all the (a)   .

49.

Two common ways soil can be eroded are by

a)

glaciers

b)

waves

c)

wind

d)

rain

50.

Three factors that can affect the rate of soil erosion are

a)

lack of vegitation

b)

high amounts of rain

c)

growing too many plants

d)

steep slope

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