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LCCFRS Medical Review

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Your patient exhibited signs of a stroke which resolved in 24 hours. What is this?
a)
Transient Iscehmic Attack (TIA)
b)
Stroke
c)
Ischemic Stroke
d)
Hemorrhagic Stroke
2.
True or False: Brain tissue dies as a result of a transient ischemic attack.
a)
true
b)
false
3.
Your patient has difficulty understanding spoken words. What is this?
a)
Expressive Aphasia
b)
Ataxia
c)
Dysarthria
d)
Receptive Aphasia
4.
Another term for slurred speech is?
a)
Expressive Aphasia
b)
Ataxia
c)
Dysarthria
d)
Receptive Aphasia
5.
Your patient has difficulty articulating words. What is this?
a)
Expressive Aphasia
b)
Ataxia
c)
Dysarthria
d)
Receptive Aphasia
6.
This is a neurologic episode caused by a surge of electrical activity in the brain.
a)
Stroke
b)
Seizure
c)
Headache
d)
Postictal
7.
While obtaining a history for your unresponsive patient, you learn that he is taking Klonopin. What is a likely cause for his unresponsiveness?
a)
Epileptic Seizure
b)
Stroke
c)
Migraine Headache
d)
Tension Headache
8.
This is a term for weakness on one side of the body.
a)
Hemiparesis
b)
Paralysis
c)
Quadriplegic
d)
Paraplegic
9.
What is the build-up of fluid in the abdomen usually caused by severe liver disease, such as cirrhosis, called?
a)
Ascites
b)
Abdominal Edema
c)
Pedal Edema
d)
Pulmonary Edema
10.
What is a weakened section of an artery wall called?
a)
Embolus
b)
AAA
c)
Aneurysm
d)
Rupture
11.
Your patient presents with pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen which started as a generalized, dull and diffuse pain in the umbilical area. When you palpate the abdomen your patient complains of pain on the rebound after palpation. What do you suspect?
a)

Cholecystitis

b)

Appendicitis

c)

Cystitis

d)

Diverticulitis

12.
Your patient presents with pain in the right upper quadrant and the right shoulder. What should you suspect?
a)
Cholecystitis
b)
Appendicitis
c)
Cystitis
d)
Divericulitis
13.
What is severe kidney failure resulting in the buildup of waste products in the blood called?
a)
Peritonitis
b)
Hernia
c)
Uremia
d)
Ileus
14.
What two things does the brain need to survive?
a)
Oxygen and glucose
b)
Oxygen and insulin
c)
Glucose and insulin
d)
Glucagon and Insulin
15.
The pancreas produces two hormones that play a major role in glucose metabolism. What are they?
a)
Glucose and insulin
b)
Glucagon and Insulin
c)
Oxygen and insulin
d)
Oxygen and glucose
16.
Where are the islets of Langerhans?
a)
Pancreatic Duct
b)
Liver
c)
Pancreas
d)
Gall Bladder
17.
What is a normal blood glucose level?
a)
80-120
b)
120-150
c)
70-100
d)
70-150
18.
TRUE or FALSE: Hypoglycemia typically has a rapid onset that can be as quickly as just a few minutes.
a)
true
b)
false
19.
How much Epinephrine is in an adult Epi-pen?
a)
0.15 mg
b)
0.3 mg
c)
1 gram
d)
3 grams
20.

How much Epinephrine is in an Epi-pen, Jr.?

a)

0.15 mg

b)

0.3 mg

c)

1 gram

d)

3 grams

21.
By what route of administration are we giving the Epi-pen?
a)
Intravenous
b)
Intramuscular
c)
Per Os
d)
Sublingual
22.
Your patient has called 911 because they were exposed to peanuts and they have an allergy to peanuts. They have hives on their hands where they touched the peanuts. They have no trouble breathing, their blood pressure is 124/78, no angioedema, and no other complaints. What should you suspect
a)
Mild allergic reaction
b)
Anaphylactic reaction
c)
Hypoglycemia
d)
Hypertensive emergency
23.
What is the medical term for localized swelling, for example lip and tongue swelling?
a)
Uticaria
b)
Anaphylaxis
c)
Wheal
d)
Angioedema
24.
Increase in thirst/fluid consumption?
a)
Polyphagia
b)
Polydipsia
c)
Polyuria
d)
Polyuremia
25.
What is increased food intake?
a)
Polyphagia
b)
Polydipsia
c)
Polyuria
d)
Polyuremia
26.

A patient has a headache. How should you position him on the cot?

a)

Supine

b)

Trendelenburg

c)

Semi-Fowler's

d)

Lay supine on the affected side

27.
This type of respirations reduce the acid level in the body by blowing off carbon dioxide.
a)
Labored Resiratons
b)
Ataxic Respirations
c)
Kussmaul Respirations
d)
Agonal Respirations
28.

TRUE or FALSE: Your patient complains of a sudden onset, severe headache . This is not a true emergency.

a)

true

b)

false

29.
This is the fluid made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
a)
Gall fluid
b)
Gastric acid
c)
Lymph
d)
Bile
30.
Your patient presents with lower midabdomen (retropubic) pain. What should you suspect?
a)
Cystitis
b)
Cholecystitis
c)
Appendicitis
d)
Divericulitis
31.

Your patient is attending a Renaissance Festival, appears confused and is unable to answer your questions. You should

a)

Administer oral glucose

b)

Determine your patient is intoxicated and call the police

c)

Look for medical identification jewelry

d)

Move the patient inside and conduct a full assessment

32.

When assessing a patient for arm drift, you should ask the patient to

a)

Squeeze both your hands with their hands

b)

hold their arms out with palms down, eyes closed

c)

hold their arms out with palms up, eyes closed

d)

hold their arms out with palms up, eyes open

33.

When assessing a possible stroke patient for abnormal speech, you should

a)

Ask the patient to write down a common phrase that you say

b)

Ask the patient to smile and look for symmetry

c)

Ask the patient to repeat a common phrase

d)

Ask a family member if the patient is speaking normally

34.

Your patient is having a seizure and is not breathing. You should

a)

Insert an oral airway and ventilate with a BVM

b)

Move furniture out of the way to prevent further injury

c)

Administer oxygen via an NRB

d)

Administer IM glucagon

35.

Your patient was stung by a bee. You should

a)

Flush with copious amounts of sterile water or saline

b)

apply cold compresses to the affected area

c)

elevate the affected part above the heart

d)

apply a tourniquet to stop the venom from spreading further

36.

What is hyperglycemia?

a)

High blood sugar

b)

Low blood sugar

c)

Insulin shock

d)

Excessive thirst

37.

Your patient was cleaning a pool room when he started gagging and coughing. Patient is complaining of dyspnea and has red, irritated eyes. You should

a)

Locate the cleaning supplies so you can determine to what your patient has been exposed

b)

Move your patient to a well-ventilated area

c)

Call for the Hazmat Team

d)

Flush the eyes with copious amounts of saline

38.

Your patient is found outside (temperature is -12o Celsius). You check for a pulse and respirations for 10 seconds and can not detect either. You should

a)

Assess the pulse rate for 30-45 seconds

b)

Start CPR

c)

Move the patient to a warmer environment

d)

Give 2 rescue breaths and reassess

39.

How does epinephrine effect the cardiovascular system?

a)

decreases cardiac afterload

b)

increases cardiac afterload

c)

increases peripheral vascular resistance

d)

decreases the heart rate

40.

Your patient was playing lacrosse and is pale, hot, and has an altered mental status. You should

a)

Administer small sips of water

b)

Administer oxygen at 10 LPM via an NRB

c)

Remove the patient from the hot environment

d)

Apply ice packs to the groin area and under the armpits

41.

Your patient is unresponsive with his arms and legs violently jerking. What phase of a generalized seizure is this?

a)

Tonic

b)

Clonic

c)

Absence

d)

Focal motor

42.

Your patient is unresponsive with her arms and legs stiff. What phase of a generalized seizure is this?

a)

Tonic

b)

Clonic

c)

Absence

d)

Focal motor

43.

Your patient has a history of epilepsy and is now complaining that he sees flashing lights. You should suspect

a)

A seizure may occur

b)

Status epilepticus

c)

A postictal state

d)

A stroke may occur

44.

An unconscious patient has one pupil that is significantly larger than the other and not reactive to light. The most likely cause is:

a)

Stroke

b)

Drug abuse

c)

Glaucoma

d)

A glass eye

45.

Your Alzheimer's patient has bruising on her back, neck and arms. When you ask, the son indicates that "she fell walking to the kitchen". What should you do?

a)

Move her to the ambulance so you can talk to her alone

b)

Call law enforcement

c)

Notify the ER

d)

Ask the daughter additional questions to clarify the situation

46.

Your patient has irregular respirations, is pacing and has cool, clammy skin. You should suspect

a)

hypothermia

b)

hypoglycemia

c)

hyperglycemia

d)

schizophrenia

47.

Your patient suffered a stroke. How should you position him on the cot?

a)

Supine

b)

Trendelenburg

c)

Semi-Fowler's

d)

Lay supine on the affected side

48.

What is hypoglycemia?

a)

High blood sugar

b)

Low blood sugar

c)

Insulin shock

d)

Excessive urination

49.

When assessing your patient for facial droop, you should

a)

Ask the patient to repeat a simple phrase

b)

Ask the patient to raise their arms, palm up and close their eyes

c)

Ask the patient to smile

d)

Palpate the face

50.

Your patient had been drinking for several hours. During transport to the ER, your patient becomes confused and slow to respond. You should

a)

treat for shock

b)

reassess vital signs

c)

check blood glucose

d)

Administer high flow O2 via NRB

51.

Your patient complains of difficulty breathing and pain in their chest and shoulders. Patient recalls feeling a sharp pin prick on their leg while moving some firewood. What type of spider bite is your patient most likely suffering from?

a)

Brown recluse

b)

Black widow

c)

Spitting

d)

Wolf

52.

Your female patient woke up this morning with severe abdominal pain. BP 90/70, HR 130, RR 28, skin pale and cool

a)

Septic shock

b)

Gastroenteritis

c)

Hypovolemic shock

d)

Appendicitis

53.

Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis include

a)

Dyspnea, wheezing, itching and/or hives

b)

Dyspnea and wheezing

c)

Dyspnea, tingling in the hands and feet

d)

Eupnea, clear lung sounds, itching and/or hives

54.

A nursing home resident has developed a productive cough over the past several days, is fatigued There are rhonchi and wheezing in the right lung. Vital signs: BP 110/82, HR 92, RR 26, temperature of 102. The most likely cause is:

a)

Pneumonia

b)

Bronchitis

c)

Emphysema

d)

Spontaneous pneumothorax

55.

Your patient says they have anemia. What skin color would you expect?

a)

Jaundice

b)

Pallor

c)

Cyanotic

d)

Flushed

56.

An unresponsive patient has constricted pupils and cool skin. Vital signs are BP 84/50, HR 72, and RR 8. What should you suspect?

a)

Narcotics overdose

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Alcohol poisoning

d)

Acetaminophen Poisoning

57.

Your elderly patient has a history of type 2 diabetes, has weak hand grip, blurred vision and is unable to tell you the day of the week. What should you do?

a)

Administer glucose

b)

Evaluate for facial droop

c)

Check pupils

d)

Take a full set of vitals

58.

Several people report being dizzy and having trouble breathing after working in a warehouse. You should suspect?

a)

Allergic reaction

b)

Toxic substance exposure

c)

A terrorist attack

d)

Asthma

59.

Your patient is unconscious, apneic, and lying prone on the sidewalk. You should

a)

Establish c-spine, roll the patient to a supine position and open the airway

b)

Roll the patient to a supine position and do a rapid trauma assessment

c)

Assess scene safety

d)

Roll the patient to a supine position and open the airway

60.

Your patient is sitting in a chair with left-sided facial droop and slurred speech. You smell an acetone odor on their breath. What should you suspect?

a)

DKA

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Stroke

d)

Bell's Palsy

61.

Your unresponsive patient is a known diabetic with a blood glucose of 42 mg/dL. You should?

a)

Administer oral glucose

b)

Administer IM glucagon

c)

Monitor their airway and rapidly transport

d)

Call for ALS

62.

Naloxone is useful for reversing the effects of which of the following medications?

a)

Doxepin

b)

Fentanyl

c)

Amitriptyline

d)

Diazepam

63.

The condition in which the patient’s core body temperature decreases during rewarming.

a)

Afterdrop phenomenon

b)

hypothermia

c)

hyperthermia

d)

Accidental hypothermia

64.

A heat emergency characterized by heavy sweating, dizziness & hypovolemia

a)

Heat exhaustion

b)

Heat stroke

c)

Heat cramps

d)

hyperthermia

65.

The most common of the heat emergencies, and is the result of excessive loss of salt and water in the sweat.

a)

Heat exhaustion

b)

Heat cramps

c)

Heat stroke

d)

hypothermia

66.

What is the gland that controls body temperature?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Pituitary

c)

Pineal

d)

Adrenal

67.

What is the cure for Acute Mountain Sickness?

a)

Ascend to a higher altitude

b)

Oxygen via NRB at 15 LP

c)

Hyperbaric chamber

d)

Descent to a lower altitude

68.

An illness occurring during or after ascent, secondary to rapid release of nitrogen bubbles.

(a)  

69.

Your patient is complaining of pain in the legs, vertigo, visual abnormalities and dyspnea. Your patient recently flew home from a trip to Mexico and had been scuba diving earlier in the day. What should you suspect?

a)

Decompression sickness

b)

Pulmonary embolism

c)

Montezuma's revenge

d)

Descent illness

70.

You are dispatched to a call for an adult patient who experienced a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Upon arrival, the patient is postictal, confused, and breathing adequately. What is your priority in managing this patient?

a)

Restrain the patient to prevent further injury

b)

Immediately administer glucose

c)

Ensure airway patency and monitor breathing

d)

Initiate rapid transport without assessment

71.

You arrive on scene to find an adult patient who had a seizure lasting approximately 3 minutes and is currently postictal. Patient is unresponsive with a HR 110, RR 10 (irregular), BP 138/86. What is the most appropriate immediate action?

a)

Apply high-flow oxygen via non-rebreather mask and prepare for transport

b)

Perform a blood glucose check before initiating interventions

c)

Insert an nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations with a BVM

d)

Initiate rapid transport to the ER

72.

You are called to a public restroom for an unresponsive adult. On arrival, you find the patient supine on the floor with a respiratory rate of 4, pinpoint pupils, a pulse of 52 bpm with pale, cool, and diaphoretic skin. What is the most critical consideration before administering intranasal naloxone?

a)

Confirming the patient’s blood glucose is within normal limits

b)

Confirming adequate ventilation and suction is available

c)

Ruling out cardiac causes of unresponsiveness before naloxone

d)

Ensure that ALS is enroute to the scene

73.

Excess accumulation of fluid, which impairs the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called ________.

a)

stroke

b)

edema

c)

MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)

d)

shock

74.
Which of these is a thin, watery fluid, which forms when plasma diffuses into tissue spaces?
a)
cerebrospinal fluid
b)
lymph
c)
lacteals
d)
intracellular fluid
75.
Q1. ---- IS AN NON-CIRCULATING FLUID.
a)
A.BLOOD
b)
B.LYMPH
c)
C.TISSUE FLUIDG.
d)
D.VITREOUS HUMOUR.
76.

The loss of body fluids due to illness or not taking in enough fluid:

a)

Dehydration

b)

Edema

77.

Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood glucose levels?

a)

Epinephrine

b)

Glucagon

c)

Cortisol

d)

Insulin

78.

Your patient is experiencing sudden weakness on the left side of the body and slurred speech. What should you suspect?

a)

Seizure

b)

Stroke

c)

Hypoglycemia

d)

Allergic reaction

79.

You are called to assess a 19-year-old college student with a sudden onset of high fever, headache, and a stiff neck. The patient is also sensitive to light and appears confused. What is your most important action after initial assessment and ABCs?

a)

Administer acetaminophen and monitor for changes

b)

Place the patient in the recovery position and apply cold packs

c)

Minimize exposure to lights and sounds, and initiate rapid transport

d)

Delay transport until a full neurological exam is completed

80.

You are treating an adult male found outside in cold weather. He is conscious but lethargic, with a core temperature of 32°C (89.6°F). His skin is cold to the touch, and his speech is slurred. What is the most appropriate initial treatment for this patient?

a)

Apply heat packs and begin active rewarming

b)

Encourage physical activity and administer warm oral fluids

c)

Remove wet clothing, insulate the patient, and initiate passive rewarming

d)

Check a blood glucose level

81.

What is the primary mechanism of action of epinephrine when administered during anaphylaxis?

a)

Blocks histamine receptors to reverse airway swelling

b)

Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors to constrict blood vessels and relax airway muscles

c)

Inhibits parasympathetic nervous system activity to decrease secretions

d)

Decreases heart rate and reduces myocardial oxygen demand

82.

Which of the following findings most clearly indicates that a patient is experiencing anaphylaxis rather than a mild allergic reaction?

a)

Localized hives and itching at the site of exposure

b)

Nasal congestion and watery eyes after eating a new food

c)

Diffuse urticaria with normal vital signs and no respiratory distress

d)

Hypotension and respiratory distress following exposure to an allergen