WorksheetsEarth Science Midterms Review
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 3615secs
How old is the universe?
13 billion years old
13.4 billion years old
13.8 billion years old
14 billion years old
How old is the solar system?
4-5 billion years old
4.5 - 4.6 billion years old
5.2 - 5.5 billion years old
6 billion years old
What is the correct percentage of baryonic matter in the universe?
4.3%
4.4%
4.5%
4.6%
What is the correct percentage of cold dark matter in the universe?
20%
21%
23%
24%
What is the percentage of dark energy in the universe?
72%
71.4%
69%
67.3%
They are the three most abundant elements in the universe.
Hydrogen
Helium
Beryllium
Lithium
Carbon
It is the building blocks of galaxies, born from clouds of gas and dust from galaxies.
dark matter
dark energy
stars
supernova
In the cores of such stars, hydrogen atoms are fused through 'thermonuclear reactions' to make Helium atoms.
thermonuclear stars
main-sequence stars
emanating stars
dark stars
A galaxy is a cluster of billions of stars, and clusters of galaxies form superclusters.
True
False
The position of absorption lines coming from the Sun are shifting towards the red end, in comparison to a further star.
Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Colour Movement Theory
Red shift
Shift of displacement
It states that new matter is created as the universe expands, in order to maintain density. It was eventually rejected.
Model of Thermodynamics
Steady State Model
Metaphysical Model
Equilibrium Density Model
It proposes how the universe expanded from a tiny, dense, and hot mass to its present size.
Theory of Relativity
Big Bang Theory
Cosmological Theory
Theory of Expansion
A set of interconnected components that are interacting to form a unified whole.
(a)
What type of system is the earth?
Closed system
Open system
Neutral system
There is an exchange of energy, but a negligible exchange of mass with its surroundings.
Closed system
Open system
Neutral system
Comprises of the solid earth including both the Earth's surface and various layers of its interior.
(a)
TRUE OR FALSE. The earth's geosphere is static.
True. It is unmoving.
False. The Earth's surface is in constant motion.
94% of the Earth comprises of the following:
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Silicon
Magnesium
It is the gaseous envelope that surrounds the earth and acts as a transition between earth and space.
(a)
It is the part of the atmosphere where weather conditions take place.
(a)
It is the part of the atmosphere where one can find the ozone layer. It is also where airplanes usually fly.
(a)
It is a part of the atmosphere wherein meteors are burned up.
(a)
It is a part of the atmosphere wherein the Northern lights occur.
(a)
The final layer of the atmosphere that teeters into the edge of space. It is also where satellites orbit the Earth.
(a)
It amounts for the total amount of water on earth.
(a)
TRUE OR FALSE. The percentage of fresh water in the hydrosphere is 91% or 90.5%.
True
False
Which of the following is the correct percentage of fresh water on Earth?
2.5% or 3%
3.5% or 4%
4.5% or 5%
5.5% or 6%
It is the process that water undergoes in the hydrosphere.
Hydro transferral
Water infiltration
Hydrologic cycle
Purification process
Water goes from liquid to gas.
(a)
Water moves on a plant through aerial parts such as leaves.
(a)
Water vapor turns back to liquid.
(a)
Atmospheric water/products of condensation fall from clouds due to gravity.
(a)
Water on the ground surface enters the soil.
(a)
Water that overflows the land surface.
(a)
It constitutes all the LIVING COMPONENTS of the Earth, including their relationships and interactions with the environment.
(a)
Energy in the form of sunlight is captured by plants, transforming CO2 into organic compounds.
(a)
TRUE OR FALSE. A rock is an unnaturally formed, non-living Earth material.
True
False
It is the natural and never ending process of constant changing of rocks' physical and chemical properties.
Transformation Process
Rock Cycle
Igneous Formation
He was the Father of Geology, recognized that "geological processes have no [sign of a] beginning or end."
(a)
It is when magma cools underground, or on the surface, and hardens into an igneous rock.
(a)
It is the wearing down of rocks into smaller pieces.
Weathering
Deposition
Sedimentation
Metamorphosis
TRUE OR FALSE. Sedimentation is the broken pieces of rock-like gravel, sand, silt, or clay.
False
True
It is the process of transporting sediments.
(a)
It is the process of when accumulated sediments become compacted and cemented together.
(a)
What is the adjective to describe rocks that have been exposed to extreme heat and pressure?
(a)
It is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma/lava.
(a)
Given the information, which of the following characteristics apply if the igneous rock was formed with magma:
slow cooling
intrusive
extrusive
fast cooling
It is the solidifying of materials or cementation.
Igneous process
Metamorphic process
Hardening
Lithification
It is a type of rock that results from exposure to extreme heat or pressure from below the Earth's surface.
(a)
It is the original rock prior to metamorphosis.
Perolith
Foliation
Shale
Slate
List the metamorphic scale in order, using this format:
shale, _____, _________, ______, _______
(a)
It is the size and shape of the grains.
Pattern
Texture
Luster
Streak
When a rock is Aphanitic, which of the following apply:
small grains/finely grained
big grains/coarse grained
quick cooldown
slow cooldown
When a rock is Phaneritic, which of the following apply:
small grains/finely grained
big grains/coarse grained
quick cooldown
slow cooldown
It is the ability to "reflect light".
(a)
It aids in determining the physical properties of minerals. Diagnostics for some minerals.
(a)
It is the color of powdered minerals (helps distinguish metallic from non-metallic).
(a)
It is the ability to resist scratching or abrasion.
(a)
It is the tendency to split or cleave along parallel planes.
(a)
It is the processes that originate externally from the Earth's surface.
Exogenic processes
Endogenic processes
Rocks are broken into smaller fragments without chemical change.
Mass wasting
Chemical weathering
Biotic weathering
Physical weathering
Due to the intense heating of the outer layer, layers of rock peel off from the main rock ("concentric shells").
Foliation
Exfoliation
Successive heating and cooling causes expansion and contraction.
(a)
The alternate freezing and melting of water within the joints of rocks.
(a)
An exogenic process in rocks when the formation of new compounds or new substances occurs.
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Biotic weathering
Mass wasting
It is when oxygen reacts with rocks in order to produce oxides
(Hint: oxi (a) ).
It is when various types of carbonates are formed.
(a)
It is when water is absorbed by minerals in rocks.
Oxidation
Hydration
Solution
Acidification
Processes involving rocks interacting with water, contribute to flared slopes, sometimes called:
(a)
The process in which some minerals get dissolved in water.
Acidification
Solution
An example would be the phenomenon of acid rain.
(a)
It is when living organisms cause chemical or mechanical weathering.
Chemical weathering
Mass wasting
Physical weathering
Biotic weathering
It is the downslope movement of rock and soil due to the influence of gravity.
Mass wasting
Endogenic
Natural hazard
Gravitational erosion
It is the free-fall movement of detached pieces of rock.
Slide
Fall
Flow
It is when fairly coherent material moves along a well-defined surface.
Slide
Fall
Flow
It is the removal of soil at a greater rate than its replacement.
(a)
It is a type of erosion wherein vast amounts of fine soil are carried away—spreading it over other land.
Wind erosion
Sheet erosion
Rill erosion
Gully erosion
A type of erosion wherein water moves and takes away thin sheets of soil (common occurence among riverbeds/flooded areas).
(a)
It is the removal of surface material using soil (moving like running water). It creates tiny channels which are a few centimeters in depth.
Rill erosion
Gully erosion
From a sloping area, water moves down and scoops out soil: forming gullies which run over wide areas (e.g. Ravines/bad land).
Rill erosion
Gully erosion
